An epitope-directed mRNA vaccine inhibits tumor metastasis through the blockade of MICA/B α1/2 shedding.

Antigenic peptide-based mRNA vaccines have been explored for immunotherapeutic use in various types of cancer because of their advantages in activating durable and specific immune responses. However, their role in modulating tumor metastasis is still unclear. Here, we identify a conserved linear epitope-based peptide, Ma3P, located in the proteolytic region of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related chain A (MICA) α3 and further design mCM10-L, an mRNA vaccine that encodes the carrier protein CRM197 and 10 tandem repeats of Ma3P.

Neuroprotective effects of vitamin C on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice.

Background: Hypoxic ischemia (HI) is one of the common causes of neonatal brain injury, leading to neurodevelopmental disorders such as cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and cognitive deficits. In this study, we evaluated neuroprotective effects of vitamin C on the neonatal HI brain injury mouse model.

Methods: Brain damage measurement, sensorimotor function in the neonatal period, learning and memory ability in adulthood were carried out in mice treated with vitamin C daily for 7 consecutive days following HI brain injury at postnatal day 7.

The effect of endometriosis on oocyte quality: mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment.

Endometriosis significantly impacts the physical and mental health of women of reproductive age. While some patients can achieve pregnancy through surgery or in vitro fertilization (IVF), many still struggle with IVF failure due to poor oocyte quality. This presents a major clinical challenge that requires immediate attention.

In-depth inference of transcriptional regulatory networks reveals NPM1 as a therapeutic ribosomal regulator in MYC-amplified medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is an aggressive pediatric brain tumor with distinct molecular heterogeneity. Identifying subtype-specific signatures within Group 3 and Group 4 remains challenging due to shared cytogenetic alterations and limitations of conventional differential gene expression analysis. To uncover the underlying molecular signatures and hidden regulators, we used the Cavalli transcriptomic profile of 470 Group 3 and Group 4 MB patients to reconstruct subtype-specific regulatory networks.

facilitates tumor-derived CCL5 to recruit dendritic cell and suppress colorectal tumorigenesis.

Gut microbes play a crucial role in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) of colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, the deep mechanism between the microbiota-TME interaction has not been well explored. In this study, we for the first time discovered that () effectively suppressed tumor growth both in the AOM/DSS-induced CRC model and the spontaneous adenoma model.

Three-dimensional visualization of uterine nerve fiber distribution using fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST): A pilot study.

Study Objective: This study aimed to observe and quantitatively analyze the morphology and distribution of uterine nerve fibers using fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST). The goal was to provide an accurate morphological reference for pathological evaluations of uterine nerves.

Measurements And Main Results: Using fMOST technique, we observed and analyzed the distribution of nerve fibers within the uterus.

Pan-cancer and single-cell analysis reveal dual roles of lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG3) in cancer immunity and prognosis.

Lymphocyte activating gene-3 (LAG3) is a distinctive T cell co-receptor that is expressed on the surface of lymphocytes. It plays a special inhibitory immune checkpoint role due to its unique domain and signaling pattern. Our aim is to explore the correlation between LAG3 in cancers and physiological processes related to a range of cancers, as well as build LAG3-related immunity and prognostic models.

Evaluation of an Innovative Postgraduate Medical Education Model Incorporating Social Determinants of Health.

Purpose: Incorporating social determinants of health (SDH) into medical education is crucial. However, there are limited data on standard education models and comprehensive SDH curricula in Taiwan are insufficient. This study presents a systematic SDH curriculum instructed primarily by social workers for postgraduate doctors and aims to examine the training outcomes of the innovative curriculum.

Forensic stability evaluation of selected miRNA and circRNA markers in human bloodstained samples exposed to different environmental conditions.

Recently, RNA markers have been used to identify tissue origins of different kinds of body fluids. Herein, circRNA and miRNA markers were carried out to examine the presence or absence of peripheral blood (PB) in bloodstained samples exposed to different external environmental conditions, which mimicked PB samples left at the crime scenes. PB samples were placed on sterile swabs and then exposed to different high temperatures (37°C, 55°C and 95°C) and ultraviolet light irradiation for 0 d, 0.

Revealing microbial community characteristics in healthy human, cat and canine salivas and looking for species-specific microbes.

As two kinds of increasingly popular pets, the saliva of cat or canine is most likely to be left at the crime scene compared with the common types of body fluids in forensics. Accurately identifying the species of saliva samples found at the crime scene involving pets will help the investigators find available testing materials, reduce the consumption of reagents and save the investigative time of the case. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the characteristics and differences of saliva microbiomes of cat, canine and human.

Human Amniotic Epithelial Stem Cells Alleviate Autoimmune Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in Mice by Targeting Granulosa Cells via AKT/ERK Pathways.

Autoimmune factors play an important role in premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) have recently shown promising treatment effects on chemotherapy-induced POI. However, the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of hAESCs in autoimmune POI remain to be investigated.

Investigating the effectiveness of forensic genetics and population genetic diversity using a multi-InDel system in Chinese Hezhou and Southern Shaanxi Han populations.

Introduction: Multiple insertion-deletion (multi-InDel) has greater potential in forensic genetics than InDel, and its efficacy in kinship testing, individual identification, DNA mixture detection and ancestry inference remains to be explored.

Methods: Consequently, we designed an efficient and robust system consisting of 41 multi-InDels to evaluate its efficacy in forensic applications in Chinese Hezhou Han (HZH) and Southern Shaanxi Han (SNH) populations and explore the genetic relationships between the SNH, HZH, and 26 reference populations.

Results And Conclusion: The obtained results showed that 38 out of the 41 multi-InDels had fairly high genetic variations.

Fasting mimicking diet extends lifespan and improves intestinal and cognitive health.

Caloric restriction is an effective means of extending a healthy lifespan. Fasting mimicking diet (FMD) is a growing pattern of caloric restriction. We found that FMD significantly prolonged the lifespan of prematurely aging mice.

The myelination-associated G protein-coupled receptor 37 is regulated by Zfp488, Nkx2.2, and Sox10 during oligodendrocyte differentiation.

Oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in the central nervous system are controlled and coordinated by a complex gene regulatory network that contains several transcription factors, including Zfp488 and Nkx2.2. Despite the proven role in oligodendrocyte differentiation little is known about the exact mode of Zfp488 and Nkx2.

Microbial metabolite enhances immunotherapy efficacy by modulating T cell stemness in pan-cancer.

The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response in human cancers is closely linked to the gut microbiota. Here, we report that the abundance of commensal Lactobacillus johnsonii is positively correlated with the responsiveness of ICB. Supplementation with Lactobacillus johnsonii or tryptophan-derived metabolite indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) enhances the efficacy of CD8 T cell-mediated αPD-1 immunotherapy.

Single-cell multi-omics analysis of lineage development and spatial organization in the human fetal cerebellum.

Human cerebellum encompasses numerous neurons, exhibiting a distinct developmental paradigm from cerebrum. Here we conducted scRNA-seq, scATAC-seq and spatial transcriptomic analyses of fetal samples from gestational week (GW) 13 to 18 to explore the emergence of cellular diversity and developmental programs in the developing human cerebellum. We identified transitory granule cell progenitors that are conserved across species.

Using two self-developed InDel panels to explore forensic traits and ancestral components in the Hui group.

To address the challenges faced by forensic examiners in degraded DNA analysis, we have developed two different panels for various forensic applications, encompassing an AIM-InDel panel for ancestry inference and a Multi-InDel panel for individual identification, respectively. Herein, the efficiencies of these two panels were tested in the Chinese Hui group. By calculating forensic parameters and simulating family relationships, we verified that the Multi-InDel panel could be an effective tool for individual identification, paternity testing, and could assist in kinship identification in the Hui group.

Targeted sequencing of high-density SNPs provides an enhanced tool for forensic applications and genetic landscape exploration in Chinese Korean ethnic group.

Background: In this study, we present a NGS-based panel designed for sequencing 1993 SNP loci for forensic DNA investigation. This panel addresses unique challenges encountered in forensic practice and allows for a comprehensive population genetic study of the Chinese Korean ethnic group. To achieve this, we combine our results with datasets from the 1000 Genomes Project and the Human Genome Diversity Panel.

Heat-inactivated Bifidobacterium adolescentis ameliorates colon senescence through Paneth-like-cell-mediated stem cell activation.

Declined numbers and weakened functions of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) impair the integrity of the intestinal epithelium during aging. However, the impact of intestinal microbiota on ISCs in this process is unclear. Here, using premature aging mice (telomerase RNA component knockout, Terc), natural aging mice, and in vitro colonoid models, we explore how heat-inactivated Bifidobacterium adolescentis (B.

Hollow-Architected Heteroatom-Doped Carbon-Supported Nanoscale Cu/Co as an Enhanced Magnetic Activator for Oxone to Degrade Toxicants in Water.

Even though transition metals can activate Oxone to degrade toxic contaminants, bimetallic materials possess higher catalytic activities because of synergistic effects, making them more attractive for Oxone activation. Herein, nanoscale CuCo-bearing N-doped carbon (CuCoNC) can be designed to afford a hollow structure as well as CuCo species by adopting cobaltic metal organic frameworks as a template. In contrast to Co-bearing N-doped carbon (CoNC), which lacks the Cu dopant, CuCo alloy nanoparticles (NPs) are contained by the Cu dopant within the carbonaceous matrix, giving CuCoNC more prominent electrochemical properties and larger porous structures and highly nitrogen moieties.