Novel repetitive elements in plant-specific tails of Gγ proteins as the functional unit in G-protein signalling in crops.

Heterotrimeric G proteins act as molecular switches in signal transduction in response to stimuli in all eukaryotes. However, what specifies G protein signalling in plants and how the mechanism evolved and diverged remain unsolved. Here, we found that the recently evolved tails of three Gγ subunits, Dense and erect panicle 1 (DEP1), G protein gamma subunit 2 of type C (GGC2), and Grain size 3 (GS3), determine their distinct functions and specify grain size in rice (Oryza sativa L.

Breast Cancer and Meningioma Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: The exact nature of the link between breast cancer and meningiomas is unknown, although observational studies have shown a correlation between the two. Using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) strategy, we aimed to investigate the effect of breast cancer on meningiomas.

Methods: Three sets of genetic instruments were utilized in this study based on publicly available genetic summary data.

Enhanced Glycerol Oxidation Toward Dihydroxyacetone Over Gold/Palladium Binary Nanocatalysts by Structure Control.

Gold/palladium binary catalysts have been widely used to the selective oxidation of glycerol to produce value-added chemicals. However, the essential effect of the structure of Au/Pd binary catalysts on the catalytic performance has not been elucidated yet. In this work, Au, Pd, AuPd alloy, Au@Pd core-shell, and Au-Pd Janus nanoparticle catalysts prepared by sol-immobilization and photochemical deposition methods were employed to the selective oxidation of glycerol toward dihydroxyacetone (DHA).

Cepharanthine hydrochloride: a novel ferroptosis-inducing agent for prostate cancer treatment.

Background: Ferroptosis is an intracellular iron-dependent cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. Increasing evidence indicated that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in suppressing tumors, thus providing new opportunities for cancer therapy. The drug cepharanthine, commonly used to treat leukopenia, has been discovered to function as an anticancer agent to multiple types of cancer via diverse mechanisms.

Study on the potential clinical significance of subclinical stent edge effects after drug-eluting stent implantation.

Unlabelled: The edge effect (EE) of isolated restenosis at one or both ends of a stent is not reduced by drug-eluting stent (DES). The purpose of the study was to investigate the long-term outcome of 1-year subclinical DES-EE (sDES-EE), which was defined as any reduction in the minimal lumen area (MLA) at stent edge without any evidence of clinical ischemia. A total of 252 patients were enrolled from one of our previous randomized controlled studies, who were detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) immediately after DES implantation and 1 year later.

Numerical simulation analysis of pile-soil interaction under earthquake action.

Pile foundation is a commonly recognized form of foundation, and earthquakes are a common seismic damage phenomenon. Accidents resulting from reduction in pile bearing capacity due to earthquakes pose a great threat to people's lives and safety. This article investigates the interaction between soil and piles under earthquake action.

Exploration of Circadian Clock-Related Genes in the Pathogenesis of Psoriatic Arthritis to Identify Potential Therapeutic Targets From Multi-Omics Insight: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Circadian rhythms have been shown to play a significant role in the etiology and progression of immune-related morbidities, including cancer and autoimmune diseases. As an autoimmune disorder, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has been underexplored in the context of circadian rhythms. This study aimed to explore the relationship between circadian rhythm and PsA.

NADPH oxidase 2 inhibitor GSK2795039 prevents against cardiac remodeling after MI through reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of mortality in cardiovascular diseases and continues to pose a substantial challenge in clinical management, despite the availability of guideline-directed medical therapy. The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor (NI) GSK2795039 on cardiac remodeling following MI, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved. We established the MI model by ligating the left anterior descending artery in mice.

Use of diagnostic vs low-dose computed tomography in positron emission tomography-CT examinations.

Objectives: To examine CT radiation dose variation in PET-CT and understand how often providers use diagnostic vs lower doses for attenuation correction and anatomic localization (AC/AL).

Methods: Retrospective, multi-centered study of PET-CT exams from 2010 to 2021. Exams were categorized as body or brain.

Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on anxiety in patients undergoing colonoscopy: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Anxiety is a common and significant problem in patients who need to undergo colonoscopy. However, the question of which non-pharmacological intervention is the best strategy to reduce anxiety in patients undergoing colonoscopy remains unanswered.

Objectives: To evaluate and rank the effectiveness of various non-pharmacological interventions for reducing anxiety in patients undergoing colonoscopy in order to identify the most effective strategies.

Chiral-Polar Photovoltage-Driven Efficient Self-Powered Circularly Polarized Light Detection in Three-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskites.

The chiral-polar photovoltaic effect (CPPE), widely present in chiral hybrid perovskites, has brought an unprecedented opportunity for self-powered circularly polarized light (CPL) detection. However, on account of spatial limitations of the crystal structure, currently reported CPPE primarily focuses on low-dimensional hybrid perovskites, which have a low CPL photoresponse restricted by lower carrier transport efficiency compared to three-dimensional perovskites. For the first time, we reported chiral-polar photovoltage-driven efficient self-powered CPL detection in three-dimensional chiral-polar perovskites, MHyPbBr (MHy = Methylhydrazinium).

Virome specific to tick genus with distinct ecogeographical distribution.

Background: The emergence of tick-borne pathogens poses a serious threat to both human and animal health. There remains controversy about virome diversity in relation to tick genus and ecogeographical factors.

Results: We conducted the meta‑transcriptomic sequencing of 155 pools of ticks encompassing 7 species of 3 genera collected from diverse geographical fauna of Ningxia Province, China.

Cardiac fibroblast-derived mitochondria-enriched sEVs regulate tissue inflammation and ventricular remodeling post-myocardial infarction through NLRP3 pathway.

Resident cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play crucial roles in sensing injury signals and regulating inflammatory responses post-myocardial infarction (MI). Damaged mitochondria can be transferred extracellularly via various mechanisms, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether CFs could transfer damaged mitochondrial components via small EVs (sEVs) and elucidate their role in regulating inflammatory responses post-MI.

Cleaving PINK1 or PGAM5? Involvement of PARL in Methamphetamine-Induced Excessive Mitophagy and Neuronal Necroptosis.

Background: Methamphetamine (Meth) is a potent psychoactive stimulant that triggers complex neurotoxicity characterized by autophagy-associated neuronal death. However, the potential mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to decipher the Meth-induced neuronal necroptosis involving mitochondrial defect-initiated excessive mitophagy caused by aberrant presenilin-associated rhomboid-like (PARL) cleavage of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 (PGAM5).

Intraductal papilloma of minor salivary gland: a case report and literature review.

Intraductal papilloma is a rare benign neoplasm arising from the secretory ducts of the salivary glands. A 79-year-old man with an intraductal papilloma located in the minor salivary gland of sublingual mucosa was reported. The lesion, characterized by extensive internal papillomatous hyperplasia, was confirmed through histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Echoes of authenticity: Reclaiming human sentiment in the large language model era.

This paper scrutinizes the unintended consequences of employing large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT for editing user-generated content (UGC), particularly focusing on alterations in sentiment. Through a detailed analysis of a climate change tweet dataset, we uncover that LLM-rephrased tweets tend to display a more neutral sentiment than their original counterparts. By replicating an established study on public opinions regarding climate change, we illustrate how such sentiment alterations can potentially skew the results of research relying on UGC.

Quality of guidelines for infection management in sepsis: a critical appraisal using the AGREE II instrument.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to systematically assess the methodological quality of current sepsis infection management guidelines and identify gaps in knowledge that limit evidence-based practice.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted to obtain guidelines for the management of sepsis infections (2012-2021), and three reviewers independently assessed the quality of eligible guidelines using Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) tool. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to measure the agreement between reviewers.

The mechanism of E3 ubiquitin ligase HERC1 regulating ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Objective: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer. Herein, we probed into the role of E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1 (HERC1) in promoting ferroptosis and inhibiting LUAD cell proliferation by regulating RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (C-RAF).

Methods: In cultured human normal lung epithelial cells and non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, HERC1 expression was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot tests.

Exosomes secreted by ATF3/Nrf2-mediated ferroptotic renal tubular epithelial cells promote M1/M2 ratio imbalance inducing renal interstitial fibrosis following ischemia and reperfusion injury.

Background: Severe renal ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) progresses to renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) with limited therapeutic strategies. Although ferrptosis and macrophage polarization both play important roles in this model, their specific pathogenesis and interactions have not been elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to explore the mechanisms by which ferrotosis occurs in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) and ferroptotic cell-derived exosomes induce macrophage polarization in IRI-related RIF model.

Burden and risk factors of colorectal cancer in Europe from 1990 to 2021.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant health burden in Europe, but comprehensive studies on this region are limited.

Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD), Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021, we analyzed the regional distribution and temporal trends of the CRC and early-onset CRC burden in Europe from 1990 to 2021. Decomposition analysis was applied to quantify the contributions of population growth, aging, and epidemiological changes.

SGK1 drives hippocampal demyelination and diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction in mice.

Diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD) is increasingly recognized as a critical complication of diabetes. The complex pathology of DACD remains unknown. Here, we performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to demonstrate unique cellular and molecular patterns of the hippocampus from a mouse model of diabetes.

Characterization of the Gene Family in Blueberry ( L.) and the Role of VcSWEET6 Related to Sugar Accumulation in Fruit Development.

Sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEETs) are essential transmembrane proteins involved in plant growth, stress responses, and plant-pathogen interactions. Despite their importance, systematic studies on SWEETs in blueberries ( L.) are limited.

Application of the Trend of miRNA Expression Levels in APP/PS1 Mice Plasma for the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and seriously affects people's quality of life. In recent years, many circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported as potential diagnostic biomarkers for AD. However, there are no reliable miRNAs for early diagnosis of AD because miRNAs are dynamically changing during the disease process.

Adverse events in different administration routes of amiodarone: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Arrhythmias are prevalent cardiac disorders with significant impacts on patient quality of life and mortality. Amiodarone, a class III antiarrhythmic agent, is widely used to manage both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias due to its efficacy in prolonging the cardiac action potential and its multiple antiarrhythmic properties. While clinical trials have highlighted the safety and efficacy of amiodarone, there is limited real-world data on adverse events (AEs) associated with different administration routes.