Exosome-mediated Crosstalk in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Critical Drivers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant global health issue, ranking as the sixth most prevalent malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, mortality rates for HCC remain high. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a vital role in HCC progression by influencing tumor cell survival and growth.

Fast Reverse Design of 4D-Printed Voxelized Composite Structures Using Deep Learning and Evolutionary Algorithm.

Designing voxelized composite structures via 4D printing involves creating voxel units with distinct material properties that transform in response to stimuli; however, optimally distributing these properties to achieve specific target shapes remains a significant challenge. This study introduces an optimization method combining deep learning (DL) and an evolutionary algorithm, focusing on a solvent-responsive hydrogel as the target material. A sequence-enhanced parallel convolutional neural network is developed and generated a dataset through finite element simulations.

A Novel 167-Amino Acid Protein Encoded by CircPCSK6 Inhibits Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Progression via IKBα Ubiquitination.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), a formidable challenge in oncology, demands innovative biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This research highlights the importance of the circular RNA (circRNA) circPCSK6 and its peptide derivative circPCSK6-167aa in ICC. CircPCSK6 is significantly downregulated in both ICC patients and mouse primary ICC models, and its lower expression is linked to adverse prognosis, highlighting its pivotal role in ICC pathogenesis.

Interactions between tumor-associated macrophages and regulated cell death: therapeutic implications in immuno-oncology.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role in sculpting the tumor microenvironment and influencing cancer progression, particularly through their interactions with various forms of regulated cell death (RCD), including apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis. This review examines the interplay between TAMs and these RCD pathways, exploring the mechanisms through which they interact to promote tumor growth and advancement. We examine the underlying mechanisms of these intricate interactions, emphasizing their importance in cancer progression and treatment.

Metallothionein 1B attenuates inflammation and hepatic steatosis in MASH by inhibiting the AKT/PI3K pathway.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a severe form of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis , characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. This study investigates the role and potential mechanisms of metallothionein 1B (MT1B) in MASH through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. quantitative reverse transcription PCR and Western blot analyses confirm that MT1B expression is significantly downregulated in liver tissues of MASH patients, in high-fat diet-induced mouse models, and in hepatocytes induced by FFAs.

Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1 participates in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease pathogenesis by affecting lipid metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis.

Objective: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) represents one of the most prevalent chronic liver conditions worldwide, but its precise pathogenesis remains unclear. This research endeavors to elucidate the involvement and molecular mechanisms of polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1 (PNPT1) in the progression of MAFLD.

Methods: The study employed western blot and qRT-PCR to evaluate PNPT1 levels in liver specimens from individuals diagnosed with MAFLD and in mouse models subjected to a high-fat diet.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of double-seropositive patients with anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of double-seropositive patients (DPPs) with anti-glomerular basement membrane (Anti-GBM) antibodies and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA).

Methods: We collected patients with both ANCA and anti-GBM positive glomerulonephritis who were hospitalized in the Department of Nephrology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to August 2022. Retrospective analysis of the baseline clinical characteristics of patients and follow-up to explore relevant factors affecting renal and patient survival.

Advances in Drug Therapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with a notably poor prognosis. A large number of patients with PDAC develop metastases before they are diagnosed with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPDAC). For mPDAC, FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel are the current first-line treatments.

Clinicopathological characteristics and outcome predictors of anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis.

Objective: To explore the clinicopathological features of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM-GN) and the prognostic values of clinical and laboratory indicators at diagnosis on renal and patient survival.

Methods: A total of 76 patients (34 males and 42 females) with anti-GBM-GN who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2010 and June 2021 were included in this study. The baseline clinical features, histopathological data from renal biopsies, and predictors of renal and patient survival were retrospectively analyzed.

Acute kidney injury in advanced lung cancer patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors: a single center observational study.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is now the stand of care for lung cancer. Due to the low incidence, the study of acute kidney injury (AKI) in lung cancer patients treated with ICIs was hardly reported. We focused on the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and mortality of AKI in advanced lung cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors.

Effectiveness and safety of Belimumab combined with standard therapy in severe active lupus nephritis requiring kidney replacement therapy: A case report and literature review.

Lupus Nephritis (LN) is the most common manifestation of severe organ damage for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Severe active LN could result in acute kidney injury (AKI), which could even require Kidney Replacement Therapy (KRT). Therefore, there needs to be a more proactive and safe induction therapy to quickly and effectively control renal immune inflammation, maintain kidney function or reverse kidney damage.

Ultrafast Growth of Highly Conductive Graphene Films by a Single Subsecond Pulse of Microwave.

Currently, graphene films are expected to achieve real applications in various fields. However, the conventional synthesis methods still have intrinsic limitations, especially not being applicable on a surface with high curvature. Herein, an ultrafast synthesis method was developed for graphene and turbostratic graphite growth by a single subsecond pulse of microwaves generated by a household magnetron.

Incidence, predictors and 6-month overall outcome of acute kidney injury in Chinese patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors.

To explore the incidence, risk factors and overall outcome of the first episode of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related acute kidney injury (ICI-AKI) in Chinese patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors. Data for patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors at Jiangsu Province Hospital between December 2017 and January 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 5.

A novel long-term intravenous combined with local treatment with human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells for a multidisciplinary rescued uremic calciphylaxis patient and the underlying mechanism.

Calciphylaxis is a rare disease characterized histologically by microvessel calcification and microthrombosis, with high mortality and no proven therapy. Here, we reported a severe uremic calciphylaxis patient with progressive skin ischemia, large areas of painful malodorous ulcers, and mummified legs. Because of the worsening symptoms and signs refractory to conventional therapies, treatment with human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) was approved.

Ultrafast Growth of Large Area Graphene on Si Wafer by a Single Pulse Current.

Graphene has many excellent optical, electrical and mechanical properties due to its unique two-dimensional structure. High-efficiency preparation of large area graphene film is the key to achieve its industrial applications. In this paper, an ultrafast quenching method was firstly carried out to flow a single pulse current through the surface of a Si wafer with a size of 10 mm × 10 mm for growing fully covered graphene film.

Comparative Risk of Renal Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have brought a paradigm shift to cancer treatment. However, little is known about the risk of renal adverse events (RAEs) of ICI-based regimens, especially ICI combination therapy.

Methods: We carried out a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the risk of RAEs between ICI-based regimens and traditional cancer therapy, including chemotherapy and targeted therapy.

Association of Serum Sclerostin Level, Coronary Artery Calcification, and Patient Outcomes in Maintenance Dialysis Patients.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the association between the serum sclerostin, the coronary artery calcification (CAC), and patient outcomes in maintenance dialysis patients.

Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of 65 maintenance dialysis patients in 2014, including 39 patients on peritoneal dialysis and 26 on hemodialysis, and followed up for 5 years. Parameters of mineral metabolism including bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, fibroblast growth factor 23, sclerostin, and other biochemical factors were determined at the baseline.

The Effect of Coronary Angiography Timing on Cardiac Surgery Associated Acute Kidney Injury Incidence and Prognosis.

Acute kidney injury has been identified as a common complication of cardiac surgery. To date, the effect of the time interval from coronary angiography to cardiac surgery on postoperative acute kidney injury is still controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the timing of coronary angiography and cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury.

Ratio of Overhydration and Extracellular Water Versus Ratio of Extracellular Water and Body Cell Mass in the Assessment of Fluid Status in Patients With Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Kidney Replacement Therapy: A Cohort Study.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the association between the ratio of overhydration and extracellular water (OH/ECW) and the ratio of extracellular water and body cell mass (ECW/BCM) measured by bioelectrical impedance and outcomes of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT).

Methods: Patients with severe AKI treated with KRT in our hospital between September 2016 and August 2018 were enrolled. These patients were assessed using a body composition monitor before KRT, and on the 3rd day and the 7th day after initiation of KRT.

Body Composition Analysis as a Predictor of Prognosis for Patients With Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Kidney Replacement Therapy.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between body composition, measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and outcomes in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) receiving kidney replacement therapy (KRT).

Methods: Patients with severe AKI treated with KRT in our hospital between September 2016 and August 2018 were enrolled. These patients were assessed by body composition analysis before KRT, and on the 3rd day and the 7th day after initiation of KRT.

Outcome Predictors of Biopsy-Proven Myeloperoxidase-Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Glomerulonephritis.

Objective: To determine the prognostic values of histopathologic classification of myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis and other clinical and laboratory features at the time of presentation on renal and patient survival associated with myeloperoxidase-ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (MPO-ANCA-GN).

Methods: A total of 112 patients diagnosed with MPO-ANCA-GN from October 2005 to December 2018 were enrolled. The baseline clinical characteristics, renal histopathological data, and risk factors predictive of renal and patient survival were retrospectively analyzed.

Comparative Performance of Body Composition Parameters in Prediction of Death in Hospitalized Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Cohort Study.

We compared the prognostic value of nutritional or volumetric parameters measured by body composition in hospitalized patients on maintenance hemodialysis. We conducted a cohort study to assess the association of different parameters of body composition with all-cause mortality in inpatients admitted to our nephrology department from January 2014 to December 2016. Of the 704 study patients, 160 (22.