Dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis-like gut permeability and dysbiosis in honeybees.

The gut microbiota has been linked to the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Current animal models are limited in the generation of germ-free animals to evaluate the roles of gut bacteria in intestinal health. Here, we used the honeybee (Apis mellifera) as a model animal to develop colitis-like gut permeability induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment.

Megoura crassicauda promote the ability of Vicia faba L. to remediate cadmium pollution of water and soil.

With the increasing severity of heavy metal pollution in soil and water, phytoremediation is becoming increasingly popular because of its low cost, high returns, and environmental friendliness. The use of leguminous plants such as the broad bean for heavy metal remediation is becoming a research hotspot because of their symbiotic relationship with rhizobia. This study investigated the cadmium (Cd) remediation ability of fava beans by M.

The Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis of the Predatory Natural Enemy (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae).

is a highly effective natural enemy for controlling thrips, tetranychids, aphids, and various Lepidoptera pests. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying its interactions with host pests remain unclear. Screening for optimal reference genes is a prerequisite for using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to investigate the interrelationship.

Bivalent SMAC mimetic APG-1387 reduces HIV reservoirs and limits viral rebound in humanized mice.

Latent viral reservoirs (VRs) represent a main barrier to HIV cure. Thus, developing new approaches that can purge and eliminate VRs paves the path toward achieving an HIV-1 cure. APG-1387, a bivalent SMAC mimetic (SM), efficiently reactivates latent HIV expression in T cell line models and enhances active caspase 3 expression, a condition that typically leads to apoptosis.

Olverembatinib After Failure of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, Including Ponatinib or Asciminib: A Phase 1b Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) or Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) resistant or intolerant to BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have limited treatment options. Olverembatinib, which is approved in China, has only been tested in Chinese patients.

Objective: To assess the pharmacokinetics, safety, efficacy, and recommended dose of olverembatinib in patients with CML or Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL resistant or intolerant to at least 2 TKIs.

Insulin Signaling Pathway Mediates FoxO-Pepck Axis Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis in .

The agricultural pest exhibits a strong preference for feeding on fresh fruits, demonstrating high adaptability to sugary environments. Meanwhile, high sugar levels stimulate insulin secretion, thereby regulating the steady state of sugar metabolism. Understanding the mechanisms related to sugar metabolism in is crucial due to its adaptation to these specific environmental conditions.

Pharmacokinetics of olverembatinib (HQP1351) in the presence of a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor (itraconazole) or inducer (rifampin) in healthy volunteers.

Olverembatinib (HQP1351) is a BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor with promising clinical activity. It is approved in China for the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia harboring drug-resistant mutations, such as T315I. In vitro studies suggested that metabolism of olverembatinib is primarily mediated by cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4).

Synergistic effects of Smac mimetic APG-1387 with anti-PD-1 antibody are attributed to increased CD3 + NK1.1 + cell recruitment secondary to induction of cytokines from tumor cells.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are approved for the treatment of various tumors, but the response rate is not satisfactory in certain malignancies. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) ubiquitin-E3 ligase activity is involved in the regulation of immune responses. APG-1387 is a novel second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac) mimetic IAP inhibitor.

Molecular Correlates of Diapause in .

The aphidophagous gall midge, (Rondani) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a dominant natural enemy of aphids, has been used as a biological control agent in many countries to control aphids in greenhouses. To identify key factors that induce diapause in , we evaluated the effects of photoperiod and temperature on the incidence of diapause in under laboratory conditions. The results showed that temperature and photoperiod had significant impacts on development and diapause in Low temperatures and a short photoperiod inhibited development, while high temperatures and a long photoperiod promoted development.

Identification of the mutual gliding locus as a factor for gut colonization in non-native bee hosts using the ARTP mutagenesis.

Background: The gut microbiota and their hosts profoundly affect each other's physiology and evolution. Identifying host-selected traits is crucial to understanding the processes that govern the evolving interactions between animals and symbiotic microbes. Current experimental approaches mainly focus on the model bacteria, like hypermutating Escherichia coli or the evolutionary changes of wild stains by host transmissions.

Antibiotic exposure alters the honeybee gut microbiota and may interfere with the honeybee behavioral caste transition.

Behavioral division is essential for the sustainability and reproduction of honeybee populations. While accumulating evidence has documented that antibiotic exposure interferes with bee behavioral divisions, how the gut microbiome, host physiology, and genetic regulation are implicated in this process remains understudied. Here, by constructing single-cohort colonies, we validated that the gut microbiota varied in composition between age-matched nurse and forager bees.

Control effect and field application of four predatory Orius species on Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).

Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagrall) is one of the most important pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walp in South China. Four Orius species, including Orius minutus (L.

Effect of Guanylate Cyclase-22-like on Ovarian Development of (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae).

This study identified and characterized the gene encoding recep tor-type guanylate cyclase-22-like (GCY-22; ) from the pirate bug , an important biological control agent. The full-length cDNA of the of was obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE); it had a total length of 4888 base pairs (bp), of which the open reading frame (ORF) was 3750 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 1249 amino acid residues. The physicochemical properties of were predicted and analyzed by using relevant ExPASy software, revealing a molecular formula of C6502H10122N1698O1869S57, molecular weight of ~143,811.

Comparative 4D Label-Free Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Provides Insights into Proteins and Processes Associated with Diapause.

Diapause, an adaptative strategy for survival under harsh conditions, is a dynamic multi-stage process. , an important agricultural pollinator, is declining in the wild, but artificial breeding is possible by imitating natural conditions. Mated queen bees enter reproductive diapause in winter and recover in spring, but the regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

knockout affects development and fecundity of .

Forkhead box O (FoxO), a key transcription factor in many species, participates in numerous physiological and pathological processes of organisms through a variety of signaling pathways. In the present study, we established knockout (-KO) strain using CRISPR/Cas9, and the influence on development and fecundity of mutant strain were evaluated. To clarify the corresponding mechanism, a transcriptome analysis was conducted subsequently.

First-in-Human Study with Preclinical Data of BCL-2/BCL-xL Inhibitor Pelcitoclax in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors.

Purpose: B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (BCL-xL) regulates apoptosis and is an attractive anticancer therapeutic target. However, BCL-xL inhibition also kills mature platelets, hampering clinical development. Using an innovative prodrug strategy, we have developed pelcitoclax (APG-1252), a potent, dual BCL-2 and BCL-xL inhibitor.

Rotenone impairs brain glial energetics and locomotor behavior in bumblebees.

Bumblebees are essential pollinators of both wildflowers and crops and face multiple anthropogenic stressors, particularly the utilization of pesticides. Rotenone is an extensively applied neurotoxic pesticide that possesses insecticidal activities against a wide range of pests. However, whether environmentally realistic exposure levels of rotenone can damage neurons in bumblebee brains is still uncertain.

Lactobacillus melliventris promotes hive productivity and immune functionality in Bombus terrestris performance in the greenhouse.

Bumblebees are important pollinators in agricultural ecosystems, but their abundance is declining globally. There is an urgent need to protect bumblebee health and their pollination services. Bumblebees possess specialized gut microbiota with potential to be used as probiotics to help defend at-risk bumblebee populations.

Deciphering the cellular heterogeneity of the insect brain with single-cell RNA sequencing.

Insects show highly complicated adaptive and sophisticated behaviors, including spatial orientation skills, learning ability, and social interaction. These behaviors are controlled by the insect brain, the central part of the nervous system. The tiny insect brain consists of millions of highly differentiated and interconnected cells forming a complex network.

Genome-wide characterization of gene family in potato () and expression analyses under salt and hormone stress.

Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) is one of the members of the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway and plays critical salt tolerance determinant in plants, while the characterization of the family in potato () is lacking. In this study, 37 were identified and found to be unevenly distributed across 10 chromosomes, with most of them located on the plasma membrane. Promoter analysis revealed that the majority of these genes contain abundant -elements involved in various abiotic stress responses.

ALK inhibitors downregulate the expression of death receptor 4 in ALK-mutant lung cancer cells via facilitating Fra-1 and c-Jun degradation and subsequent AP-1 suppression.

The successful treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring chromosomal rearrangements of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) represents a promising targeted therapy. As a result, various ALK-TKIs have been rapidly developed, some of which are approved while some are being tested in clinical trials. Death receptor 4 (DR4; also called TNFRSF10A or TRAIL-R1) is a cell surface protein, which functions as a pro-apoptotic protein that transduces TRAIL death signaling to trigger apoptosis.

Novel BCL-2 Inhibitor Lisaftoclax in Relapsed or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Other Hematologic Malignancies: First-in-Human Open-Label Trial.

Purpose: This global phase I trial investigated the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of lisaftoclax (APG-2575), a novel, orally active, potent selective B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) inhibitor, in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma (R/R CLL/SLL) and other hematologic malignancies (HMs).

Patients And Methods: Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase II dose were evaluated. Outcome measures were safety and tolerability (primary) and pharmacokinetic variables and antitumor effects (secondary).

Tweedle gene family of Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) larva enhances the basal tolerance to cold and hypoxia.

Background: Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is considered a quarantine pest in the A2 list because it causes serious infection and huge economic losses. Cold and controlled atmosphere treatments have been used to control immature stage pests in fresh fruits. Herein, the basal tolerance response of D.

The honeybee gut resistome and its role in antibiotic resistance dissemination.

There is now general concern about widespread antibiotic resistance, and growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota is critical in providing antibiotic resistance. Honeybee is an important pollinator; the incidence of antibiotic resistance genes in honeybee gut causes potential risks to not only its own health but also to public and animal health, for its potential disseminator role, thus receiving more attention from the public. Recent analysis results reveal that the gut of honeybee serves as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes, probably due to antibiotics application history in beekeeping and horizontal gene transfer from the highly polluted environment.