Neonatal vitamin A but not retinoic acid administration increases intramuscular adipocyte number in sheep by promoting vascularization.

This study investigated whether vitamin A (VA) administration during the neonatal stage could increase the number of intramuscular adipocytes in Hu sheep by promoting vascularity. A total of 56 newborn male Hu sheep were divided into four groups and received intramuscular injections of either 0, 7500 IU retinoic acid (RA), 7500 IU VA, or a combination of 7500 IU VA and 5 mg SU5416 (an angiogenic inhibitor), at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days of age. At 15 days of age, 6 sheep from each group were randomly selected and sacrificed for intramuscular adipogenic capacity analysis.

Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a digital technology-driven hierarchical healthcare screening pattern in China.

Utilization of digital technologies for cataract screening in primary care is a potential solution for addressing the dilemma between the growing aging population and unequally distributed resources. Here, we propose a digital technology-driven hierarchical screening (DH screening) pattern implemented in China to promote the equity and accessibility of healthcare. It consists of home-based mobile artificial intelligence (AI) screening, community-based AI diagnosis, and referral to hospitals.

A vascularized adipose organoid model using stromal vascular fraction cells from ruminant animals.

In vitro cell culture serves as an efficient system for studying animal cell behavior in a controlled setting. Here, we present a 3D culture model for forming ruminant adipose organoids using stromal vascular fraction cells. We describe steps for forming cell spheroids and growing them on a Matrigel-coated surface.

Rehabilitation clinicians' use of mainstream wireless technologies in practice: a scoping review.

Purpose: This scoping review was conducted to understand the barriers, facilitators, and education and training needs of rehabilitation clinicians in their use of mainstream wireless technologies (MWT) to support people with disabilities and older adults. It was also conducted to understand the functional skills of clients that were targeted with MWT use.

Materials And Methods: This scoping review was reported using PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) and the Population (or Participants)/Concept/Context) framework.

BARX1 repressed FOXF1 expression and activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to drive lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Underlying molecular mechanisms of BARX homeobox 1 (BARX1) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain elusive.

Methods: Abnormally expressed genes in LUAD tissues were analyzed by RNA-sequencing. CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, and wound healing assays examined proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration of LUAD cells, respectively.

Room-Temperature Strong Coupling of Few-Exciton in a Monolayer WS with Plasmon and Dispersion Deviation.

Engineering room-temperature strong coupling of few-exciton in transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with plasmons promises to construct compact and high-performance quantum optical devices. But it remains unimplemented due to their in-plane excitons. Here, we demonstrate the strong coupling of few-exciton within 10 in monolayer WS with the plasmonic mode with a large tangential component of the electric field tightly trapped around the sharp corners of an Au@Ag nanocuboid, the fewest number of excitons observed in the TMDC family so far.

Spatial distribution and migration of lead and zinc and the influence of parent materials in typical paddy soils of Hunan Province, China.

This study aimed to investigate the distribution and migration characteristics of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in paddy soils in Hunan Province, China. A total of 343 soil samples from 63 profiles were collected from typical regions. The concentration, spatial distribution, and migration behaviors of Pb and Zn in the paddy soils were examined.

Dietary Supplementation with Lauric Acid Improves Aerobic Endurance in Sedentary Mice via Enhancing Fat Mobilization and Glyconeogenesis.

Background: Lauric acid (LA), a major, natural, medium-chain fatty acid, is considered an efficient energy substrate for intense exercise and in patients with long-chain fatty acid β-oxidation disorders. However, few studies have focused on the role of LA in exercise performance and related glucolipid metabolism in vivo.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with LA on exercise performance and related metabolic mechanisms.

Early Visual Deprivation Impairs Functional Development of the Visual Ventral Stream.

Purpose: To probe the dynamic alternations of neural networks in real-time visual processing after visual deprivation (VD) removal.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Twenty children with a history of early binocular VD caused by congenital cataracts and 20 matched typically developing (TD) children were enrolled.

Acceptance and Perception of Artificial Intelligence Usability in Eye Care (APPRAISE) for Ophthalmologists: A Multinational Perspective.

Background: Many artificial intelligence (AI) studies have focused on development of AI models, novel techniques, and reporting guidelines. However, little is understood about clinicians' perspectives of AI applications in medical fields including ophthalmology, particularly in light of recent regulatory guidelines. The aim for this study was to evaluate the perspectives of ophthalmologists regarding AI in 4 major eye conditions: diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataract.

Delays in Seeking Medical Services in Elderly Patients With Senile Cataract.

Delay in seeking medical services is common in elderly populations, which leads to disease progression and life difficulty. This study aims to assess the prevalence of delay in medical visits and treatment and define associated effects and factors in patients with senile cataract, which may help obtain a better understanding of late-life psychopathology and provide the basis for interventions. Patients aged more than 60 years were prospectively recruited in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (ZOC).

Development of a Prognostic Alternative Splicing Signature Associated With Tumor Microenvironment Immune Profiles in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Alternative splicing (AS), a pivotal post-transcriptional process across more than 95% of human transcripts, is involved in transcript structural variations and protein complexity. Clinical implications of AS events and their interaction with tumor immunity were systematically analyzed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: Transcriptome profiling as well as AS data of LUAD were retrospectively curated.

A Germline Mutation in ATR Is Associated With Lung Adenocarcinoma in Asian Patients.

Background: Familial lung cancer (FLC) accounts for 8% of lung adenocarcinoma. It is known that a few germline mutations are associated with risk increasing and may provide new screening and treatment option. The goal of this study is to identify an FLC gene among three members of an FLC family.

Prediction of the Short-Term Therapeutic Effect of Anti-VEGF Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema Using a Generative Adversarial Network with OCT Images.

Purpose: To generate and evaluate individualized post-therapeutic optical coherence tomography (OCT) images that could predict the short-term response of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for diabetic macular edema (DME) based on pre-therapeutic images using generative adversarial network (GAN).

Methods: Real-world imaging data were collected at the Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital. A total of 561 pairs of pre-therapeutic and post-therapeutic OCT images of patients with DME were retrospectively included in the training set, 71 pre-therapeutic OCT images were included in the validation set, and their corresponding post-therapeutic OCT images were used to evaluate the synthetic images.

The Fundus Structural and Functional Predictions of DME Patients After Anti-VEGF Treatments.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important complication with a high incidence of 34.6% in the diabetic populations. DR could finally lead to vision impairment without effective interventions, during which, diabetic macular edema (DME) is a key phase causing visual loss.

Evolution of small cell lung cancer tumor mutation: from molecular mechanisms to novel viewpoints.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a clinically common malignant tumor originating from the lung neuroendocrine stem cells, which has a poor prognosis and accounts for approximately 15% of all lung cancer cases. However, research on its treatment has been slow, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with SCLC has been < 5% for many years. In recent years, the development and popularization of gene sequencing technology have facilitated the understanding of the gene mutation landscape and tumor evolution of SCLC, thereby leading to a more accurate prediction of the prognosis of SCLC and the development of individualized treatment.

Inhibition on de novo synthesis of PCDD/Fs by an N-P-containing compound: Carbon gasification and kinetics.

In this study, an N-P-containing compound (ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP)) and an auxiliary material (CaO) were used to inhibit the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). ADP significantly inhibited the formation of PCDD/Fs by the inhibition efficiencies of 98.45% for total concentration and 96.

Predicting Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Recurrence Using Machine Learning.

To predict central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) recurrence 3 and 6 months after laser treatment by using machine learning. Clinical and imaging features of 461 patients (480 eyes) with CSC were collected at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (ZOC) and Xiamen Eye Center (XEC). The ZOC data (416 eyes of 401 patients) were used as the training dataset and the internal test dataset, while the XEC data (64 eyes of 60 patients) were used as the external test dataset.

Predicting Post-Therapeutic Visual Acuity and OCT Images in Patients With Central Serous Chorioretinopathy by Artificial Intelligence.

To predict visual acuity (VA) and post-therapeutic optical coherence tomography (OCT) images 1, 3, and 6 months after laser treatment in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by artificial intelligence (AI). Real-world clinical and imaging data were collected at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (ZOC) and Xiamen Eye Center (XEC). The data obtained from ZOC (416 eyes of 401 patients) were used as the training set; the data obtained from XEC (64 eyes of 60 patients) were used as the test set.

Application of Surgical Decision Model for Patients With Childhood Cataract: A Study Based on Real World Data.

Reliable validated methods are necessary to verify the performance of diagnosis and therapy-assisted models in clinical practice. However, some validated results have research bias and may not reflect the results of real-world application. In addition, the conduct of clinical trials has executive risks for the indeterminate effectiveness of models and it is challenging to finish validated clinical trials of rare diseases.

Comparative analysis of mite genomes reveals positive selection for diet adaptation.

Diet is a powerful evolutionary force for species adaptation and diversification. Acari is one of the most abundant clades of Arachnida, exhibiting diverse dietary types, while the underlying genetic adaptive mechanisms are not fully understood. Based on comparative analyses of 15 Acari genomes, we found genetic bases for three specialized diets.