MAET-SAM: Magneto-Acousto-Electrical Tomography segmentation network based on the segment anything model.

Magneto-Acousto-Electrical Tomography (MAET) is a hybrid imaging method that combines advantages of ultrasound imaging and electrical impedance tomography to image the electrical conductivity of biological tissues. In practical applications, different tissue or disease organization display various conductivity traits. However, the conductivity map consists of overlapping signals measured at multiple locations, the reconstruction results are affected by noise, which results in blurred reconstruction boundaries, low contrast, and irregular artifact distributions.

Mulberry Leaves-Derived Carbon Dots for Photodynamic Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant -Infected Wounds via Metabolic Perturbation.

Antibiotic-resistant pathogens pose a significant global public health challenge, particularly in refractory infections associated with biofilms. The urgent development of innovative, safe, and therapeutically adaptive strategies to combat these resistant biofilms is essential. We present a novel, precise, and controllable photodynamic antibacterial carbon dot (B-M-CD) inspired by the natural antibacterial properties of the mulberry leaf and the bacterial targeting function of boric acid.

Perturbations in the microbiota-gut-brain axis shaped by social status loss.

Social status is closely linked to physiological and psychological states. Loss of social dominance can lead to brain disorders such as depression, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The gut microbiota can sense stress and contribute to brain disorders via the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA).

Formation of double-shelled hollow spherical CdS/CaZnInS as S-scheme photocatalysts for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

While the configuration of most metal oxides hollow structures is well established, the synthesis of multinary metal sulfides with complex multi-shelled hollow structures remains in its infancy. Herein, we have developed a facile method to synthesize superhydrophilic CaZnInS double-shelled hollow structures (DSHSs) with the assistance of trisodium citrate bilamellar vesicles, which manifests higher photocatalytic hydrogen generation rate compared with normal CaZnInS single-shelled hollow structures and solid microflowers. Further construction of CdS/CaZnInS S-scheme heterostructures by in situ photodeposition of CdS ultrafine nanoparticles on CaZnInS DSHSs creates an intimate interface coupling and expansive contact region for fast interfacial charge transfer.

Multimodal fusion of magnetoencephalography and photoacoustic imaging based on optical pump: Trends for wearable and noninvasive Brain-Computer interface.

Wearable noninvasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies, such as electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), have experienced significant progress since their inception. However, these technologies have not achieved revolutionary advancements, largely because of their inherently low signal-to-noise ratio and limited penetration depth. In recent years, the application of quantum-theory-based optically pumped (OP) technologies, particularly optical pumped magnetometers (OPMs) for magnetoencephalography (MEG) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) utilizing OP pulsed laser sources, has opened new avenues for development in noninvasive BCIs.

A combined process of reverse flotation and slurry electrolysis for step-by-step recovery of copper and gold from waste printed circuit boards.

Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) constitute a significant component of e-waste, harboring abundant recyclable valuable metals. The ongoing increase in e-waste requires an efficient recycling method to recover valuable metals, thereby enhancing the recycling efficiency. In this study, an efficient and environmentally friendly combined process of reverse flotation and two-step slurry electrolysis was used to recover copper and gold from WPCBs.

Molecular Mechanism of λ-Cyhalothrin Detoxification by a Delta-Class Glutathione S-Transferase (PxGSTD3) from .

The diamondback moth () exhibits significant resistance to commonly used insecticides including λ-cyhalothrin. Delta-class glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are crucial detoxification enzymes involved in insecticide detoxification and resistance. We demonstrate that is associated with the resistance to λ-cyhalothrin and contributes to λ-cyhalothrin detoxification.

Self-plagiarism: A retrospective study of its prevalence and patterns across scientific disciplines.

This study explores the incidence and nature of self-plagiarism across various disciplines. Using Retraction Watch data, we analyze retraction times, authorship patterns, disciplinary differences, and geographical origin of manuscripts retracted due to duplications of data, image, complete article or parts of text. We find that image and entire article duplications are primary causes of self-plagiarism-related retractions.

Emotional self-disclosure and internalizing problems among adolescents after an earthquake: Sex differences in codevelopment and temporal associations.

Objective: This study investigated sex differences in the codevelopment trajectories and temporal associations of emotional self-disclosure and internalizing problems in Chinese adolescents.

Method: Three hundred ninety-two adolescents (age: = 15.02, SD = 1.

Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and Stroke Among Middle-Aged and Older Population: Insights From 3 Prospective Cohorts.

Background: Arterial stiffness is recognized as a new risk factor for stroke. However, the association between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), a well-established indirect measure of arterial stiffness and stroke among older adults, remains incompletely investigated.

Methods: This study utilized data from 3 prospective, nationally representative cohorts: the Health and Retirement Study in the United States, the English Longitudinal Study of Aging in the United Kingdom, and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in China.

A Global Meta-Analysis of Land Use Change on Soil Mineral-Associated and Particulate Organic Carbon.

Separating soil organic carbon (SOC) into mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) enables accurate prediction of SOC vulnerability to land use change (LUC). Here, we synthesize the responses of soil MAOC and POC to LUC, including land restoration and degradation, from 693 soil observations globally. We observed a large increase in soil MAOC and POC after restoration and a greater decline after degradation, but the magnitude and proportion of these two carbon fractions (fMAOC and fPOC) varied with LUC.

Lymph node-targeted delivery of thunb. polysaccharides for enhancing antitumor immunotherapy.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. Their maturity and infiltration in the tumor largely determine the efficiency of antigen presentation, the CTL responses, and the prognosis of tumors. However, the application of common immunoregulatory plant polysaccharides to DCs still represents major challenges due to the off-target effect and short biological lifespan.

Diabetes Risks of Statin Therapy-Coenzyme Q10 May Help.

Background: Statin therapy is associated with an increased risk of new-onset diabetes (NOD), possibly due to a reduction in coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) levels as a result of statin use. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between exogenous CoQ10 supplementation and the development of NOD.

Methods: This study included 4394 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Spatial Variations of Atmospheric Alkylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons across the Western Pacific to the Southern Ocean: Unexpected Increasing Deposition.

Spatial variations of atmospheric alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Alk-PAHs) are key to understanding their long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT). However, limited Alk-PAHs data have hindered their LRAT characterizations on a global scale. In this study, 49 Alk-PAHs were measured in the atmospheric samples collected across the Western Pacific to the Southern Ocean.

Multilayered visual metabolomics analysis framework for enhanced exploration of functional components in wolfberry.

Wolfberry, regarded as a nutritious fruit, has garnered significant attention in the food industry due to potential health benefits. However, the tissue-specific distribution and dynamic accumulation patterns of nutritional metabolites such as flavonoids are still unclear. In this study, a novel spatial metabolomics framework was developed, incorporating instrumental optimization, metabolite identification, molecular network analysis, metabolic pathway mapping, and machine learning-based imaging.

Improving the Thermal Stability of Inverted Organic Solar Cells by Mitigating the Undesired MoO Diffusion toward Cathodes with a High-Ionization Potential Interface Layer.

Understanding the thermal degradation mechanism of organic solar cells (OSCs) and developing strategies to enhance their thermal stability are crucial before they can be commercialized. In this paper, we demonstrated that in a structure-inverted ITO/ZnO/PM6/L8-BO/TCTA/MoO/Ag solar cell, a thin 4,4',4″-tris(carbazol-9-yl)-triphenylamine (TCTA) film between MoO and PM6:L8-BO can significantly suppress the fast short circuit current () loss and the slow but continuous open circuit voltage () and fill factor (FF) decay upon 150 °C thermal annealing. XPS and TOF-SIMS results confirm that thermal annealing leads to the formation of (MoO) at the MoO/PM6/L8-BO interface and the diffusion of (MoO) through the photoactive layer.

Identifying high-risk candidates for prolonging progression-free survival in primary gastric carcinoma subject to "double invasion": an analytical approach utilizing lasso-cox regression.

Objective: To identify high-risk gastric carcinoma patients with concurrent vascular and neural invasion ("double invasion") who are at heightened risk of progression-free survival (PFS) decline, enabling personalized clinical management.

Methods: In this multi-center retrospective study, 559 patients with double invasion who underwent curative gastrectomy between May 2002 and December 2020 were analyzed. Prognostic factors for PFS were identified using Lasso-Cox regression.

MSB2-activated pheromone pathway regulates fungal plasma membrane integrity in response to herbicide adjuvant.

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are used worldwide for weed management. However, GBHs pose a threat to soil fungal community, although fungi can degrade and use glyphosate as a nutrient source. How fungi respond to GBHs remains enigmatic.

Acceleration and Selectivity of 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions Included in a Polar [4 + 2] Octa-imine Bis-calix[4]pyrrole Cage.

We describe the quantitative self-assembly (>90%) of a [4 + 2] octa-imine cage () in a CDCl:CDCN 9:1 solvent mixture containing 0.5% of acetic acid. Cage is based on two identical aryl-extended calix[4]pyrrole units linked through eight dynamically reversible imine bonds.

Comprehensive assessment of 45 antibiotics in ten urban wastewater treatment plants in Northeastern China: Terminal treatment is not a reliable guard.

The increasing presence of antibiotics in urban wastewater has raised significant concerns. Therefore, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) face questions about their ability to reliably and effectively remove antibiotics. In this study, data from ten representative WWTPs were systematically evaluated to assess antibiotic occurrence, removal efficiencies, seasonal variations, and ecological risks, revealing the prevalent instability in antibiotic removal capacities of traditional WWTPs.

Characteristics and Mechanism of Ammonia Nitrogen Removal by Heterotrophic Nitrification Bacterium LCU1 and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment.

In this study, a novel strain exhibiting heterotrophic nitrification was screened; subsequently, the strain was identified as LCU1 using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of external factors on the NH-N removal efficiency of strain LCU1 in order to elucidate the optimal conditions for NH-N removal by the strain and improve the removal efficiency. The findings indicated that the NH-N removal efficiency of the strain exceeded 80% under optimal conditions (sodium succinate carbon source, C/N ratio of 10, initial pH of 8.

Topological Transition in One-Dimensional π-Conjugated Polymers via Strain Engineering.

Topological trivial and nontrivial phases can be readily realized in low-dimensional organic polymers via bottom-up synthesis. However, to effectively harness these topological phases in practical devices, it is crucial to develop strategies for achieving a controllable topological transition. Inspired by topology and π-electron pairing, we propose a method to induce topological transitions through orbital crossover driven by continuous external strain in 10 one-dimensional (1D) π-conjugated polymers (CPs), categorized into aromatic and quinonoid forms.

Effects of the stress hormone norepinephrine on the probiotic properties of : antibacterial colonization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation.

Probiotics as antibiotic alternatives are unstable for use under stress in clinical applications. To explore the influence of catecholamine hormones on probiotic bacterial inhibition and antimicrobial activity, we tested the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on and in a mouse model. The results showed that in the presence of NE, 80% of strains showed increased growth rate and more than 80% of the strains indicated lower antimicrobial activity at 22 h.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association study and systems-level integrative analyses implicate new risk genes and therapeutic targets for depression.

Deciphering the genetic architecture of depression is pivotal for characterizing the associated pathophysiological processes and development of new therapeutics. Here we conducted a cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis on depression (416,437 cases and 1,308,758 controls) and identified 287 risk loci, of which 49 are new. Variant-level fine mapping prioritized potential causal variants and functional genomic analysis identified variants that regulate the binding of transcription factors.

Quantitative descriptive analysis, non-targeted metabolomics and molecular docking reveal the dynamic aging and taste formation mechanism in raw Pu-erh tea during the storage.

Natural storage promotes raw Pu-erh tea (RaPT) aging along with chemical conversion and flavor evolution. In this study, quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) and UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS-based non-targeted metabolomics were performed to illustrate dynamic changes of taste compounds across 18 RaPT samples during the storage. Multivariate statistical analyses effectively classified stored RaPT into three groups based on storage stages, confirming that storage duration, rather than environmental conditions, primarily influences the taste profile and the changes in non-volatile compounds.