Mechanism of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder in male infertility.

Male infertility has become a global concern, accounting for 20-70% of infertility. Dysfunctional spermatogenesis is the most common cause of male infertility; thus, treating abnormal spermatogenesis may improve male infertility and has attracted the attention of the medical community. Mitochondria are essential organelles that maintain cell homeostasis and normal physiological functions in various ways, such as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS).

Error simulation of atmospheric scattered radiance and its influence on slant visibility based on the SBDART model and Monte Carlo method.

Atmospheric scattered radiance is an important factor affecting slant visibility measurement in the daytime. This paper explores atmospheric scattered radiance errors and their influence on slant visibility measurements. Considering the difficulty in error synthesis of the radiative transfer equation, an error simulation scheme based on the Monte Carlo method is proposed.