Characterization of Active Compounds in Sanhuang Shu'ai Decoction for the Management of Ulcerative Colitis: A UHPLC-MS Study.

Objective: The effectiveness of Sanhuang Shu'ai decoction (SSD), a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat diarrhea and colitis, especially ulcerative colitis (UC), is not well understood regarding how its chemical components work.

Methods: This research used ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS), network pharmacology, and molecular docking to understand the active substances and potential mechanisms of SSD in treating UC.

Results: UHPLC and MS analyses identified 710 active components in SSD extracts (ZYTQY) and 387 in SSD-containing serum (HYXQ), with 35 active compounds found in both ZYTQY and HYXQ and 67 active compounds from SSDD (SSD compound obtained directly from the database), along with 6 metabolites that may be key components in its function.

Roseburia intestinalis-derived butyrate alleviates neuropathic pain.

Approximately 20% of patients with shingles develop postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). We investigated the role of gut microbiota in shingle- and PHN-related pain. Patients with shingles or PHN exhibited significant alterations in their gut microbiota with microbial markers predicting PHN development among patients with shingles.

Sodium butyrate restored TRESK current controlling neuronal hyperexcitability in a mouse model of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathic pain.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and its related pain are common challenges for patients receiving oxaliplatin chemotherapy. Oxaliplatin accumulation in dorsal root ganglion (DRGs) is known to impair gene transcription by epigenetic dysregulation. We hypothesized that sodium butyrate, a pro-resolution short-chain fatty acid, inhibited histone acetylation in DRGs and abolished K channel dysregulation-induced neuronal hyperexcitability after oxaliplatin treatment.

Multi-omic analysis suggests tumor suppressor genes evolved specific promoter features to optimize cancer resistance.

Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) exhibit distinct evolutionary features. We speculated that TSG promoters could have evolved specific features that facilitate their tumor-suppressing functions. We found that the promoter CpG dinucleotide frequencies of TSGs are significantly higher than that of non-cancer genes across vertebrate genomes, and positively correlated with gene expression across tissue types.

Identification and Mechanism Exploration of Hepatotoxic Ingredients in Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Backgrounds And Aims: Recently, a growing number of hepatotoxicity cases aroused by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) have been reported, causing increasing concern. To date, the reported predictive models for drug induced liver injury show low prediction accuracy and there are still no related reports for hepatotoxicity evaluation of TCM systematically. Additionally, the mechanism of herb induced liver injury (HILI) still remains unknown.

A Novel Peptide Interfering with proBDNF-Sortilin Interaction Alleviates Chronic Inflammatory Pain.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key mediator in the development of chronic pain. Sortilin is known to interact with proBDNF and regulate its activity-dependent secretion in cortical neurons. In a rat model of inflammatory pain with intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), we examined the functional role of proBDNF-sortilin interaction in dorsal root ganglia (DRG).

The Novel Autophagy Inhibitor Alpha-Hederin Promoted Paclitaxel Cytotoxicity by Increasing Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.

Chemoresistance is a major limiting factor that impairs the outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) chemotherapy. Paclitaxel (Tax) induces protective autophagy in NSCLC cells, leading to the development of drug resistance. We recently identified a new autophagy inhibitor (alpha-hederin) and hypothesized that it may promote the killing effect of Tax on NSCLC cells.

Overexpression of Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Protein Kinase 2 Is Correlated with Clinical Progression and Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinases 2 (ROCK2) is one of the best characterized targets for the small GTPase Rho. It has been reported that ROCK2 is critical for cancer cell migration and invasion. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of ROCK2 expression with clinicopathological features and overall survival of breast cancer patients.

Aleuritolic Acid Impaired Autophagic Flux and Induced Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells.

Aleuritolic acid (AA) is a triterpene that is isolated from the root of Geisel. In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of AA on hepatocellular carcinoma cells were evaluated. AA exerted dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2.

Elevated Adenylyl Cyclase 9 Expression Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Patients with Colon Cancer.

BACKGROUND Adenylyl cyclase 9 (ADCY9) is an enzyme that modulates signal transduction by producing the second messenger, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of ADCY9 expression with clinicopathological features and disease-free survival of colon cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry staining with ADCY9 antibody was performed on a tissue microarray.