The association between stress hyperglycemia ratio with mortality in critically ill patients with acute heart failure.

Background: It's recognized that stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is considered a significant indicator of poor prognosis in many diseases. However, its role in critically ill patients with acute heart failure (acute HF) remains underexplored.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on patients with acute HF included in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) version 2.

Deciphering the complex mechanics of atherosclerotic plaques: A hybrid hierarchical theory-microrheology approach.

Understanding the viscoelastic properties of atherosclerotic plaques at rupture-prone scales is crucial for assessing their vulnerability. Here, we develop a Hybrid Hierarchical theory-Microrheology (HHM) approach, enabling the analysis of multiscale mechanical variations and distribution changes in regional tissue viscoelasticity within plaques across different spatial scales. We disclose a universal two-stage power-law rheology in plaques, characterized by distinct power-law exponents (α and α), which serve as mechanical indexes for plaque components and assessing mechanical gradients.

Beyond Single-Cycle Autonomous Molecular Machines: Light-Powered Shuttling in a Multi-Cycle Reaction Network.

Biomolecular machines autonomously convert energy into functions, driving systems away from thermodynamic equilibrium. This energy conversion is achieved by leveraging complex, kinetically asymmetric chemical reaction networks that are challenging to characterize precisely. In contrast, all known synthetic molecular systems in which kinetic asymmetry has been quantified are well described by simple single-cycle networks.

The association between lactate dehydrogenase to serum albumin ratio and in-hospital mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and albumin (ALB) were found to be significantly correlated with mortality in pulmonary embolism (PE) patients. However, data regarding the LDH/ALB ratio (LAR) in patients with acute PE are scanty. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between LAR and the risk of mortality in patients with acute PE.

Genetically predicted chronic rhinosinusitis and the risk of stroke: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: The causal association between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and stroke remains uncertain due to the susceptibility of observational studies to confounding and the possibility of reverse causality. This study aims to examine the potential causal relationship between CRS and the risk of stroke, encompassing various subtypes.

Methods: In this research, we utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for CRS from FinnGen.

Pillar[5]arene-segregated ion pairs for enhanced cycloaddition of epoxides with CO.

A supramolecular approach using a polyviologen-pillar[5]arene complex as segregated ion pairs was shown to be highly efficient for the conversion of CO with epoxides into cyclic carbonates without the need for metals or solvents. The enhanced catalytic performance was achieved by cooperative ion pair segregation and CO fixation.

Effect of intensive blood pressure lowering on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Successful antihypertensive management can limit left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and improve the clinical prognosis. However, it remains unclear whether intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering has a greater effect on the occurrence and regression of LVH compared to standard BP lowering.

Methods: We searched the electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science from inception to 2 June 2023.

Extreme environments and human health: From the immune microenvironments to immune cells.

Exposure to extreme environments causes specific acute and chronic physiological responses in humans. The adaptation and the physiological processes under extreme environments predominantly affect multiple functional systems of the organism, in particular, the immune system. Dysfunction of the immune system affected by several extreme environments (including hyperbaric environment, hypoxia, blast shock, microgravity, hypergravity, radiation exposure, and magnetic environment) has been observed from clinical macroscopic symptoms to intracorporal immune microenvironments.

Cuproptosis-related signature for clinical prognosis and immunotherapy sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Copper homeostasis imbalance has been implicated in tumor progression, aggressiveness, and treatment response. However, the precise roles of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, we employed a consensus clustering algorithm to identify distinct molecular subtypes.

Serum Lipoprotein(a) and High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Associate with Diabetic Nephropathy: Evidence from Machine Learning Perspectives.

Purpose: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that significantly impacts the quality of life for affected patients. Dyslipidemia is a known risk factor for developing cardiovascular complications in T2DM patients. However, the association between serum lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with DN requires further investigation.

Combatting persister cells: The daunting task in post-antibiotics era.

Over the years, much attention has been drawn to antibiotic resistance bacteria, but drug inefficacy caused by a subgroup of special phenotypic variants - persisters - has been largely neglected in both scientific and clinical field. Interestingly, this subgroup of phenotypic variants displayed their power of withstanding sufficient antibiotics exposure in a mechanism different from antibiotic resistance. In this review, we summarized the clinical importance of bacterial persisters, the evolutionary link between resistance, tolerance, and persistence, redundant mechanisms of persister formation as well as methods of studying persister cells.

Outcome of novel oral anticoagulant versus warfarin in frail elderly patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of retrospective studies.

Background: Frail patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are thought to be at a higher risk for cerebral infarction and death than patients who are not frail, making preventive interventions important. Anticoagulants should be used in frailty patients with AF. However, there are limited data about anticoagulants in frail patients with AF.

The Association of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio with Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) has been used for diagnosing venous thromboembolism (VTE). We aimed to assess the accuracy of NLR to diagnose VTE by meta-analysis. Systematic electronic searches were conducted June 2, 2021 in PubMed, Embase(Ovid), and Cochrane Library.

Hydrogen-bonded aromatic amide macrocycles: synthesis, properties and functions.

As a classic example of nearly planar cyclic compounds, hydrogen-bonded aromatic amide (H-bonded aramide) macrocycles, consisting of consecutive intramolecular hydrogen bonds and aromatic residues, receive considerable research attention due to their rich host-guest chemistry. This review provides a detailed summary of the synthesis, properties and functions of H-bonded aramide macrocycles and their derivatives. Herein, the constitutional patterns of these macrocycles are divided into two subcategories: interior hydrogen bonding motifs and exterior hydrogen bonding motifs.

Clinical Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of and in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.

Background: Primary liver cancer is still the most common lethal malignancy. The N-myc downstream-regulated gene family () is a group of multifunctional proteins associated with carcinogenesis. However, systematic evaluation of the diagnostic and prognostic values of or expression in liver cancer is poorly investigated.

Escherichia coli Uses a Dedicated Importer and Desulfidase To Ferment Cysteine.

CyuA of Escherichia coli is an inducible desulfidase that degrades cysteine to pyruvate, ammonium, and hydrogen sulfide. Workers have conjectured that its role may be to defend bacteria against the toxic effects of cysteine. However, sits in an operon alongside , which encodes a cysteine importer that seems ill suited to protecting the cell from environmental cysteine.

Optical tweezers integrated surface plasmon resonance holographic microscopy for characterizing cell-substrate interactions under noninvasive optical force stimuli.

The rapid development of bio-mechanical research increases the significance of studying cell behaviors near the substrate under the force stimuli in a real-time manner. Here, we present an optical tweezers (OT) integrated surface plasmon resonance holographic microscopy (SPRHM) to realize the dynamical and in-situ characterizations of cell-substrate interactions with noninvasive optical force stimulations. Using the OT integrated SPRHM (OT-SPRHM), we dynamically manipulate the living cells by OT, and simultaneously, the phase-contrast surface plasmon resonance images of the living cells are obtained and the cell-substrate distance is determined via SPRHM.

Correction: Threading of three rings on two stations: a convergent approach to [4]rotaxane.

Correction for 'Threading of three rings on two stations: a convergent approach to [4]rotaxane' by Yidan Zhou , , 2021, , 13506-13509, DOI: 10.1039/D1CC05501A.

Threading of three rings on two stations: a convergent approach to [4]rotaxane.

A novel approach to efficient and selective construction of [4]rotaxane was proposed to demonstrate the superiority of H-bonded azo-macrocycles in forging higher order rotaxanes. The single crystal structure reveals the importance of the interplay of multiple non-covalent bonding interactions, particularly π-stacking interactions, in stabilizing the host-guest complex. This may open an avenue to the synthesis of oligomeric mechanically interlocked molecules containing fewer stations but more rings.

PE_PGRS: Vital proteins in promoting mycobacterial survival and modulating host immunity and metabolism.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), is the leading infectious cause of mortality worldwide. One of the key reasons for M.

Mycobacterial EST12 activates a RACK1-NLRP3-gasdermin D pyroptosis-IL-1β immune pathway.

Pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, has been implicated in eliminating pathogenic infections. However, macrophage pyroptosis-related proteins from () have largely gone unexplored. Here, we identified a cell pyroptosis-inducing protein, Rv1579c, named EST12, secreted from the H37Rv region of difference 3.

Correction: Ciclopirox activates PERK-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress to drive cell death in colorectal cancer.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Ciclopirox activates PERK-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress to drive cell death in colorectal cancer.

Ciclopirox (CPX) modulates multiple cellular pathways involved in the growth of a variety of tumor cell types. However, the effects of CPX on colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying mechanisms for its antitumor activity remain unclear. Herein, we report that CPX exhibited strong antitumorigenic properties in CRC by inducing cell cycle arrest, repressing cell migration, and invasion by affecting N-cadherin, Snail, E-cadherin, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression, and disruption of cellular bioenergetics contributed to CPX-associated inhibition of cell growth, migration, and invasion.