Maternal behavior promotes resilience to adolescent stress in mice through a microglia-neuron axis.

Early life experience modulates resilience to stress in later life. Previous research implicated maternal care as a key mediator of behavioral responses to the adversity in adolescence, but details of molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show social stress activates transcription factor C/EBPβ in mPFC neurons of adolescent mice, which transcriptionally upregulates Dnm1l and promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby conferring stress susceptibility in adolescent mice.