Biodegradable nanoparticles for improved kidney bioavailability of rhein: preparation, characterization, plasma, and kidney pharmacokinetics.

The aim of this work is to develop biodegradable nanoparticles for improved kidney bioavailability of rhein (RH). RH-loaded nanoparticles were prepared using an emulsification solvent evaporation method and fully characterized by several techniques. Kidney pharmacokinetics was assessed by implanting a microdialysis probe in rat's kidney cortex.

Effect of glycyrrhizic acid on rhein renal penetration: a microdialysis study in rats.

1. Rhein (RH), a primary active component isolated from rhubarb, is effective in protecting against the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), an active constituent of liquorice, is also considered to be a protective agent against DN.