YOLO-Faster: An efficient remote sensing object detection method based on AMFFN.

As a pivotal task within computer vision, object detection finds application across a diverse spectrum of industrial scenarios. The advent of deep learning technologies has significantly elevated the accuracy of object detectors designed for general-purpose applications. Nevertheless, in contrast to conventional terrestrial environments, remote sensing object detection scenarios pose formidable challenges, including intricate and diverse backgrounds, fluctuating object scales, and pronounced interference from background noise, rendering remote sensing object detection an enduringly demanding task.

Theoretical Investigation of Linear Relationships between the Dihedral Torsion Angles and Diosmium Bond Distances in Diosmium Sawhorse Complexes.

Strong linear relationships between their C-Os-Os-C dihedral angles and their Os-Os bond distances in diosmium sawhorse complexes Os(u-OCR)(CO)L (L = CO and/or PR) form two trendlines depending upon the presence or absence of terminal phosphines. These trends appear unrelated to the basicity of the bridging ligand or the number of phosphines. The mathematical derivation of the relationship between the O-Os-Os-O dihedral angle and the Os-Os bond distance shows how the other geometric parameters affect this relationship.

Essential nutrients and cerebral small vessel diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous studies have suggested a potential association between nutrients and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), but this association has not been fully addressed.

Object: We intended to clarify the causal associations between four categories of essential nutrients (amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, minerals and vitamins) and two acute manifestations of CSVD (intracerebral hemorrhage and small vessel stroke) using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Method: We obtained European-based large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) related to CSVD (6,255 cases and 233,058 controls) and nutrient concentrations.

Simultaneous profiling of dust aerosol mass concentration and optical properties with polarized high-spectral-resolution lidar.

Dust particles originating from arid desert regions can be transported over long distances, presenting severe risks to climate, environment, social economics, and human health at the source and downwind regions. However, there has been a dearth of continuous diurnal observations of vertically resolved mass concentration and optical properties of dust aerosols, which hinders our understanding of aerosol mixing, stratification, aerosol-cloud interactions, and their impacts on the environment. To fill the gap of the insufficient observations, to the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) observation providing days of continuous profiles of the mass concentration, along with particle linear depolarization ratio (PLDR), backscattering coefficient, extinction coefficient and lidar ratio (LR), simultaneously.

Validation of the dual field-of-view polarization LIDAR technique for the retrieval of homogeneous water cloud microphysical properties: a study based on a polarimetric Monte Carlo simulation.

This article highlights the validation of the dual fields-of-view (FOVs) polarization lidar technique for the retrieval of cloud droplet effective radius in conjunction with cloud extinction coefficient of homogeneous water cloud via simulation approach. The simulation is based on polarimetric Monte Carlo method incorporated with semianalytic features under multiple-scattering conditions. The simulation results show that the depolarization ratio measured at dual-FOVs is a function of the cloud droplet effective radius and cloud extinction coefficient.

Water Cloud Detection with Circular Polarization Lidar: A Semianalytic Monte Carlo Simulation Approach.

This work presents polarization property studies of water clouds using a circular polarization lidar through a simulation approach. The simulation approach is based on a polarized, semianalytic Monte Carlo method under multiple-scattering conditions and considers three types of water clouds (namely homogeneous, inhomogeneous and partially inhomogeneous). The simulation results indicate that the layer-integrated circular depolarization ratios show similar variation trends as those of layer-integrated linear depolarization ratios.

Kinetic and Computational Analysis of CO Substitution in a Dinuclear Osmium Carbonyl Complex: Intersection between Dissociative and Dissociative-Interchange Mechanisms.

The mechanism for the CO substitution reaction involving the diosmium carbonyl sawhorse complex Os(μ-OCH)(CO), which contains an Os-Os single bond, two axial CO ligands, and four equatorial CO ligands, was investigated experimentally and theoretically. Kinetic measurements show CO axial substitution proceeding by a dissociative reaction that is first-order in the complex and zero-order in CO but with an unexpectedly negative entropy of activation. The corresponding electronic structure calculations yield an enthalpy of activation for axial CO dissociation that is much larger than that determined by the kinetic experiments, but in agreement with the complex's stability with respect to CO loss.