Mitochondrial transplantation reconstructs the oxidative microenvironment within fibroblasts to reverse photoaging.

Fibroblast-mediated oxidative stress is a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of skin photoaging, predominantly induced by UVA radiation. Diverging from traditional strategies that concentrate on the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the present study implements mitochondrial transplantation as an innovative therapeutic approach. The objective of this study is to reestablish the oxidative microenvironment and to effectively rejuvenate cellular functionality through the direct introduction of healthy and vibrant mitochondria.

Modulating Amyloid-β Toxicity: In Vitro Analysis of Aβ42(G37V) Variant Impact on Aβ42 Aggregation and Cytotoxicity.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is primarily driven by the formation of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates, with Aβ42 being a pivotal contributor to disease pathology. This study investigates a novel agent to mitigate Aβ42-induced toxicity by co-assembling Aβ42 with its G37V variant (Aβ42(G37V)), where Gly at position 37 is substituted with valine. Using a combination of Thioflavin-T (Th-T) fluorescence assays, Western blot analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM)/transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and biochemical assays, we demonstrated that adding Aβ42(G37V) significantly accelerates Aβ42 aggregation rate and mass while altering the morphology of the resulting aggregates.

X2-GNN: A Physical Message Passing Neural Network with Natural Generalization Ability to Large and Complex Molecules.

Neural network models excel in molecular property predictions but often struggle with generalizing from smaller to larger molecules due to increased structural diversity and complex interactions. To address this, we introduce an E(3) invariant (and equivariant capable) message passing graph neural network (GNN), namely, X2-GNN, that integrates physical insights via atomic orbital overlap integrals and core Hamiltonians. These features provide essential information about bond strength, electron delocalization, and many-body interactions, enhanced by an attention mechanism for improved learning efficiency.

Constructing Accurate and Efficient General-Purpose Atomistic Machine Learning Model with Transferable Accuracy for Quantum Chemistry.

Density functional theory (DFT) has been a cornerstone in computational science, providing powerful insights into structure-property relationships for molecules and materials through first-principles quantum-mechanical (QM) calculations. However, the advent of atomistic machine learning (ML) is reshaping the landscape by enabling large-scale dynamics simulations and high-throughput screening at DFT-equivalent accuracy with drastically reduced computational cost. Yet, the development of general-purpose atomistic ML models as surrogates for QM calculations faces several challenges, particularly in terms of model capacity, data efficiency, and transferability across chemically diverse systems.

One-Step Gas Foaming Strategy for Constructing Strontium Nanoparticle Decorated 3D Scaffolds: a New Platform for Repairing Critical Bone Defects.

The management of critical-sized bone defects poses significant clinical challenges, particularly in the battlefield and trauma-related injuries. However, bone tissue engineering scaffolds that satisfy high porosity and good angiogenic and osteogenic functions are scarce. In this study, 3D nanofiber scaffolds decorated with strontium nanoparticles (3DS-Sr) were fabricated by combining electrospinning and gas foaming.

Three-dimensional gas-foamed scaffolds decorated with metal phenolic networks for cartilage regeneration.

Inflammation is a major impediment to the healing of cartilage injuries, yet bioactive scaffolds suitable for cartilage repair in inflammatory environments are extremely rare. Herein, we utilized electrospinning to fabricate a two-dimensional nanofiber scaffold (2DS), which was then subjected to gas foaming to obtain a three-dimensional scaffold (3DS). 3DS was modified with metal phenolic networks (MPNs) composed of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and strontium ions (Sr) to afford a MPNs-modified 3D scaffold (3DS-E).

Superconductive MgB Intercalated Muscovite with Dynamically Tunable Stress.

In this study, we utilized a stress-sensitive superconductor MgB in combination with a flexible muscovite, a layered silicate, to demonstrate that materials in a reduced-dimension environment could be influenced by external strain. MgB nanocrystals were inserted into the muscovite interlayers using gas phase intercalation, creating a two-dimensional cavity-like structure. Several experiments confirmed that the cavity-induced static pressure from the intercalation effect and the external dynamic bending effect can affect the physical properties of MgB.

The causality between smoking and intervertebral disc degeneration mediated by IL-1β secreted by macrophage: A Mendelian randomization study.

There is still a lack of high-level evidence regarding the causal relationship between smoking and intervertebral disc degenerative diseases. This study utilized data from genome wide analysis studies and conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses across multiple heterogeneous datasets. We evaluated the causal relationships between smoking behavior, serum inflammatory factors, serum chemokines, and intervertebral disc degeneration.

Characteristics of Abdominal Fat Based on CT Measurements to Predict Early Recurrence After Initial Surgery of NMIBC in Stage Ta/T1.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the predictive value of abdominal fat characteristics measured by computed tomography (CT) in identifying early recurrence within one year post-initial transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in patients with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). A predictive model integrating fat features and clinical factors was developed to guide individualized treatment.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 203 NMIBC patients from two medical centers was conducted.

RNA Coating Promotes Peri-Implant Osseointegration.

In addition to transmitting and carrying genetic information, RNA plays an important abiotic role in the world of nanomaterials. RNA is a natural polyanionic biomacromolecule, and its ability to promote osteogenesis by binding with other inorganic materials as an osteogenic induction agent was discovered only recently. However, whether it can promote osseointegration on implants has not been reported.

Syngeneic mesenchymal stem cells loaded with telomerase-dependent oncolytic adenoviruses enhance anti-metastatic efficacy.

Oncolytic adenoviruses have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for cancer therapy. However, systemic delivery of the viruses to metastatic tumors remains a major challenge. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess tumor tropism property and can be used as cellular vehicles for delivering oncolytic adenoviruses to tumor sites.

Robotic wireless capsule endoscopy: recent advances and upcoming technologies.

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) offers a non-invasive evaluation of the digestive system, eliminating the need for sedation and the risks associated with conventional endoscopic procedures. Its significance lies in diagnosing gastrointestinal tissue irregularities, especially in the small intestine. However, existing commercial WCE devices face limitations, such as the absence of autonomous lesion detection and treatment capabilities.

Nonvolatile Modulation of BiOSe/Pb(Zr,Ti)O Heteroepitaxy.

The pursuit of high-performance electronic devices has driven the research focus toward 2D semiconductors with high electron mobility and suitable band gaps. Previous studies have demonstrated that quasi-2D BiOSe (BOSe) has remarkable physical properties and is a promising candidate for further exploration. Building upon this foundation, the present work introduces a novel concept for achieving nonvolatile and reversible control of BOSe's electronic properties.

Impact of palatopharyngeal sizes changing on pharyngeal airflow fluctuation and airway vibration in a pediatric airway.

Snoring is common in children and is associated with many adverse consequences. One must study the relationships between pharyngeal morphology and snoring physics to understand snoring progression. Although some model studies have provided fluid-structure interaction dynamic descriptions for the correlation between airway size and snoring physics, the descriptions still need to be further investigated in patient-specific airway models.

Identification of potential anti-inflammatory components in Moutan Cortex by bio-affinity ultrafiltration coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.

Moutan Cortex (MC) has been used in treating inflammation-associated diseases and conditions in China and other Southeast Asian countries. However, the active components of its anti-inflammatory effect are still unclear. The study aimed to screen and identify potential cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors in MC extract.

Preventing viral relapse with prophylactic tenofovir in hepatitis B carriers receiving chemotherapy: a phase IV randomized study in Taiwan.

Background And Aims: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of shorter vs. longer tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) prophylaxis in preventing hepatitis B virus (HBV) relapse in cancer patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods: This phase IV, prospective randomized trial enrolled cancer patients with CHB from 2014 to 2019 in Taiwan.

Bacteroid cerium oxide particles promote macrophage polarization to achieve early vascularization and subsequent osseointegration around implants.

The establishment of an osseointegration is crucial for the long-term stability and functionality of implant materials, and early angiogenesis is the key to successful osseointegration. However, the bioinertness of titanium implants affects osseointegration, limiting their clinical application. In this study, inspired by the rapid polarization of macrophages following the phagocytosis of bacteria, we developed bacteroid cerium oxide particles; these particles were composed of CeO and had a size similar to that of Bacillus (0.

Prothymosin α accelerates dengue virus-induced thrombocytopenia.

Thrombocytopenia is the hallmark finding in dengue virus (DENV) infection. Prothymosin α (ProT) has both intracellular and extracellular functions involved in cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, gene regulation, oxidative stress response, and immunomodulation. In this study, we found that ProT levels were elevated in dengue patient sera as well as DENV-infected megakaryoblasts and their culture supernatants.

Prognostic value of CT-derived fractional flow reserve and fat attenuation index in patients with suspected coronary artery disease: a sex-disaggregated analyses.

Background: There are sex differences in many risk factors associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and fat attenuation index (FAI) have been shown to independently predict cardiovascular events. We aimed to examine the impact of sex on the prognostic value of CT-FFR and FAI in suspected CAD patients, and to examine the incremental prognostic value of FAI over CT-FFR in both sex.

Higher HBeAg-reversion virological relapse and lower sustained remission after treatment cessation in tenofovir-treated HBeAg-positive patients.

A complete investigation of the clinical outcomes after treatment cessation in HBeAg-positive patients with HBeAg loss is limited. We retrospectively recruited 242 HBeAg-positive patients with HBeAg loss after a median duration of 37.2 months with tenofovir (TDF, n = 77) or entecavir (ETV, n = 165) treatment.

Thiamet G as a Potential Treatment for Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Background/aim: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a prevalent genetic disorder primarily caused by mutations in Pkd1 (PC1), which account for the majority of ADPKD cases. These mutations contribute to the formation of cysts in the kidneys and other organs, ultimately leading to renal failure. Unfortunately, there are currently no available preventive treatments for this disease.

Long noncoding RNA SNHG16 regulates TLR4-mediated autophagy and NETosis formation in alveolar hemorrhage associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Dysregulated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression with increased apoptosis has been demonstrated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with alveolar hemorrhage (AH). SNHG16, a lncRNA, can enhance pulmonary inflammation by sponging microRNAs, and upregulate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression via stabilizing its mRNAs. TRAF6, a TLR4 downstream signal transducer, can induce autophagy and NETosis formation.