Optimization of Liquid Fermentation of Leaves and Its Non-Targeted Metabolomics Analysis.

To enhance the nutritional value of leaves (AL), a fermentation process was conducted using a probiotic mixture, and the changes in chemical constituents and biological activities before and after fermentation were compared. A response surface methodology was employed to optimize the liquid fermentation conditions of AL based on their influence on polyphenol content. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis was performed using LC-MS/MS to reveal the differing profiles of compounds before and after fermentation.

Prebiotic characteristics of degraded polysaccharides from Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide on broilers gut microbiota based on in vitro digestion and fecal fermentation.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low molecular weight Acanthopanax polysaccharides on simulated digestion, probiotics, and intestinal flora of broilers in vitro. The experiments were carried out by HO-Vc degradation of Acanthopanax polysaccharides, in vitro simulated digestion to evaluate the digestive performance of polysaccharides with different molecular weights, in vitro probiotic evaluation of the probiotic effect of polysaccharides on lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, in vitro anaerobic fermentation and high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to study the impact of Acanthopanax polysaccharides on the intestinal flora of broilers, and the effect of Acanthopanax polysaccharides on the short-chain fatty acids of intestines were determined by GC-MS method. The results showed that the molecular weight of Acanthopanax polysaccharide (ASPS) was 9,543 Da, and the molecular weights of polysaccharides ASPS-1 and ASPS-2 were reduced to 4,288 Da and 3,822 Da after degradation, and the particle sizes, PDIs, and viscosities were also significantly decreased.

The Short-Term Efficacy of Bifidobacterium Quadruple Viable Tablet in Patients With Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Potentially Mediated by Metabolism Rather Than Diversity Regulation.

Introduction: The therapeutic effect of probiotics for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was controversial. This study aims to evaluate the short-term efficacy of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet in patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS and explore factors associated with response to probiotics.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial was performed in 15 hospitals.

Opto-refrigerative tweezers.

Optical tweezers offer revolutionary opportunities for both fundamental and applied research in materials science, biology, and medical engineering. However, the requirement of a strongly focused and high-intensity laser beam results in potential photon-induced and thermal damages to target objects, including nanoparticles, cells, and biomolecules. Here, we report a new type of light-based tweezers, termed opto-refrigerative tweezers, which exploit solid-state optical refrigeration and thermophoresis to trap particles and molecules at the laser-generated cold region.

Development and validation of a prediction rule for estimating gastric cancer risk in the Chinese high-risk population: a nationwide multicentre study.

Objective: To develop a gastric cancer (GC) risk prediction rule as an initial prescreening tool to identify individuals with a high risk prior to gastroscopy.

Design: This was a nationwide multicentre cross-sectional study. Individuals aged 40-80 years who went to hospitals for a GC screening gastroscopy were recruited.

Role of NLRP3 inflammasome in Bifidobacterium longum-regulated visceral hypersensitivity of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome.

We aimed to explore the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in Bifidobacterium longum-regulated visceral hypersensitivity of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). Fifty NIH mice were divided into five groups (n = 10). The visceral sensitivities of PI-2W and PI-8W groups significantly exceeded than those of normal control groups (P < 0.

Association of genetic polymorphisms in HTR3A and HTR3E with diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Objective: The present study aims to investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in HTR3A and HTR3E and diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) in a Chinese population.

Methods: We enrolled 500 D-IBS patients and 500 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects to detect the genotypes in HTR3A and HTR3B gene by using of PCR-RFLP method.

Results: There were significant difference between the D-IBS patients and the health control subjects in the distribution of genotype and allele of rs1062613 in HTR3A gene.

[The value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography portography in assessing severity of liver cirrhosis and predicting episode risks of hepatic encephalopathy].

Objective: To explore the clinical value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography portography (MSCTP) in assessing severity of liver cirrhosis and predicting episode risks of hepatic encephalopathy (HE).

Methods: Eighty-six patients with liver cirrhosis who were hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology at the Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University were included in the study.All patients underwent 64-slice MSCTP to grade the portal vein anatomy.

Decreased serum fetuin-A levels and active inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Fetuin-A is a mediator of inflammatory response that might also be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aims to assess whether serum fetuin-A levels are associated with the disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: A total of 139 patients with CD, 114 patients with UC, and 46 controls were enrolled in this study.

Dynamic expression of CEACAM7 in precursor lesions of gastric carcinoma and its prognostic value in combination with CEA.

Background: The significance of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 7 (CEACAM7) expression in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions and its correlation with CEA expression has rarely been previously investigated.

Methods: CEACAM7 and CEA expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in consecutive sections of 345 subjects with gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions. Laser confocal analysis was performed to determine CEACAM7 and CEA localization.

[Expression and significance of glypican-3 in colorectal cancer].

Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of Glypican-3 in colorectal cancer.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Glypican-3 in 200 specimens of colorectal cancer and adjacent non-cancerous tissues resected during operation.

Results: Glypican-3 immunoreactivity was recognized in both the cytoplasm and cellular membrane.