Ramifloraolides A - D, four highly oxygenated picrotoxane-type sesquiterpenoids from the stems of Baccaurea ramiflora and their antithrombotic activity.

A phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract from air-dried stems of Baccaurea ramiflora led to the isolation of four highly oxygenated picrotoxane-type sesquiterpenoids, ramifloraolides A - D (1-4). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data (HRESIMS, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR), and their absolute configuration of them were unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structurally, all compounds possess a unique [4.

Dynamic analysis of bovine bone high-temperature hydrolysate emulsion formation based on microstructure and physicochemical interactions.

In the food industry, the emulsifying process alters both the stability and quality of the emulsified products prepared by bovine bone high-temperature hydrolysate (BBHH). The microstructure and interactions of BBHH emulsion were characterized by cryo-scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM) and Raman spectroscopy during emulsification. Notably, BBHH emulsion exhibited the best properties under emulsifying for 120 s, attributed to its interfacial adsorption characteristics.

Joint association of weight-adjusted-waist index and physical activity with insulin resistance in adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a recently developed obesity metric, and the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and WWI and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in adolescents, as well as the joint association of HOMA-IR.

Methods: This study was based on the National Health and Nutrition Survey conducted between 2013 and 2016 and included 1024 adolescents whose median age was 15.4.

Relationship of urinary glyphosate concentrations with glycosylated hemoglobin and diabetes in US adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Glyphosate is a commonly used herbicide worldwide and is purportedly associated with multiple health effects. Research assessing the association of glyphosate concentrations with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and the prevalence of diabetes is scarce. We sought to evaluate the association between urinary glyphosate levels and HbA1c levels and the prevalence of diabetes.

Granulysin-mediated reduction of PDZRN3 induces Cx43 gap junctions activity exacerbating skin damage in trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome.

Trichloroethylene (TCE)-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (THS) has been a concern for many researchers in the field of environmental and occupational health. Currently, there is no specific treatment for THS, leaving patients to contend with severe infections arising from extensive skin lesions, consequently leading to serious adverse effects. However, the pathogenesis of severe skin damage in THS remains unclear.

Association between blood metals mixture and chronic kidney disease in adults: NHANES 2013-2016.

Background: The association between single metal exposure and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been established. However, there is limited research on the effects of multi-metal mixtures and their potential age-specific associations with kidney injury. This study aimed to examine the relationship between metal mixtures and kidney function in adults, while also exploring the modifying effects of age.

Herpesvirus activated NF-κB-mediated antigen processing and presentation to aggravate trichloroethylene-induced hypersensitivity dermatitis.

Trichloroethylene-induced hypersensitivity dermatitis (TIHD) is a delayed hypersensitivity response that is affected by genetic and environmental factors. Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) enhances antigen presentation, leading to hypersensitivity in workers with the HLA-B* 13:01 allele. Several studies have observed the activation of herpesviruses, such as EpsteinBarr virus (EBV), in TIHD patients.

ROS-mediated inflammatory response in liver damage via regulating the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 pathway in mice with trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome.

Trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome (THS), mainly caused by occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE), can give rise to serious and fatal hepatic damage. To date, the precise mechanisms of hepatic damage in THS remain unclear. Recent studies showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a core role in cell death and inflammatory response.

Membrane Attack Complex C5b-9 Promotes Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Pyroptosis in Trichloroethylene-Sensitized Mice.

Trichloroethylene (TCE), a commonly used organic solvent, is known to cause trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome (THS), also called occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis due to TCE (OMDT) in China. OMDT patients presented with severe inflammatory kidney damage, and we have previously shown that the renal damage is related to the terminal complement complex C5b-9. Here, we sought to determine whether C5b-9 participated in TCE-induced immune kidney injury by promoting pyroptosis, a new form of programed cell death linked to inflammatory response, with underlying molecular mechanisms involving the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Renal tubular cell necroptosis: A novel mechanism of kidney damage in trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome mice.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) hypersensitivity syndrome (THS), called occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis due to TCE (OMDT) in China, is a fatal occupational disorder caused by TCE exposure. Visceral damage, including kidney injury, is one of the major complications. Necroptosis is a regulated cell death form linked to local inflammatory response.

Endothelin-1/Endothelin Receptor Type A-Angiopoietins/Tie-2 Pathway in Regulating the Cross Talk Between Glomerular Endothelial Cells and Podocytes in Trichloroethylene-Induced Renal Immune Injury.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the mechanism in regulating the cross talk between glomerular endothelial cells and podocytes in "occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis induced by trichloroethylene (OMLDT)" patients.

Methods: Totally 6 OMLDT patients, 18 controls, and 102 BALB/c female mice were involved in this study. Patient's serum endothelin-1 (ET-1), angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and podocalyxin (PCX) were detected.

A novel taxane, difluorovinyl-ortataxel, effectively overcomes paclitaxel-resistance in breast cancer cells.

Paclitaxel (PTX) is widely used to treat breast and ovarian cancers, but innate and acquired resistance often compromises its applications. The objective of this study was to screen new-generation taxanes for their efficiency against both PTX-sensitive and PTX-resistant breast cancer cells. From twelve compounds, difluorovinyl-ortataxel (DFV-OTX) displayed potent cytotoxic activities against both PTX-sensitive and PTX-resistant breast cancer cells.

Experimental study of destruction of acetone in exhaust gas using microwave-induced metal discharge.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are air pollutants that pose a major concern, and novel treatment technologies must be continuously explored and developed. In this study, microwave-induced metal discharge was applied to investigate the destruction of acetone as a representative model VOC compound. Results revealed that metal discharge intensity largely depended on microwave output power and the number of metal strips.

Pentafluorosulfanyl-Substituted Benzopyran Analogues As New Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors with Excellent Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy in Blocking Inflammation.

In this report, we disclose the design and synthesis of a series of pentafluorosulfanyl (SF) benzopyran derivatives as novel COX-2 inhibitors with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The pentafluorosulfanyl compounds showed both potency and selectivity for COX-2 and demonstrated efficacy in several murine models of inflammation and pain. More interestingly, one of the compounds, R,S-3a, revealed exceptional efficacy in the adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) model, achieving an ED as low as 0.

Synthesis of Deuterated Benzopyran Derivatives as Selective COX-2 Inhibitors with Improved Pharmacokinetic Properties.

We designed a series of specifically deuterated benzopyran analogues as new COX-2 inhibitors with the aim of improving their pharmacokinetic properties. As expected, the deuterated compounds retained potency and selectivity for COX-2. The new molecules possess improved pharmacokinetic profiles in rats compared to their nondeuterated congeners.