IL-33 exerts neuroprotective effects through activation of ST2/AKT signaling axis in microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.

Background And Purpose: ST2, a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor family, along with its ligand IL-33, plays critical roles in immune regulation and inflammatory responses. This study investigates the roles of endogenous IL-33/ST2 signaling in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and elucidates the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Dynamic changes in endogenous IL-33 levels were examined following SAH induction in vivo.

The role of Chinese folk ritual music in biodiversity conservation: an ethnobiological perspective from the Lingnan region.

Background: Traditional ecological knowledge embedded in cultural practices is vital for biodiversity conservation but is increasingly under threat from modernization and globalization. This study investigates the role of Chinese folk ritual music in promoting biodiversity conservation, with a focus on Cantonese Opera and agricultural rituals in the Lingnan region of southern China.

Methods: We employed literature review, qualitative fieldwork, and ethnographic analysis, including interviews with local musicians and community members, to investigate how Cantonese Opera and agricultural rituals contribute to ecological sustainability by integrating cultural narratives with environmental stewardship.

Enhancing curcumin stability and bioavailability through chickpea protein isolate-citrus pectin conjugate emulsions: Targeted delivery and gut microecology modulation.

The limited solubility, rapid metabolism, and poor bioavailability of curcumin restrict its application. In this study, we synthesized chickpea protein isolate (CPI)-citrus pectin (CP) conjugates to prepare an emulsion delivery system that enhances the stability and bioavailability of curcumin. The CPI-CP emulsion achieved a curcumin encapsulation efficiency of 86.

Nonlinear relationship between physical environment risks, investor attentions, and financial systemic risks: Evidence from mLSTM-CoVaR networks.

How do physical environment risks affect financial market systemic risk? We use remoting data to measure physical environment risks and select 26 banks across 12 EU countries. We extend the CoVaR framework with the quantile-mLSTM algorithm, obtaining time-varying CoVaRs. We then use time-varying partial derivatives to calculate the banks' tail risk spillover effects.

The association between lipid-related obesity indicators and severe headache or migraine: a nationwide cross sectional study from NHANES 1999 to 2004.

Background: The connection between lipid-related obesity indices and severe headache or migraine in young and middle-aged people aged 20-60 remains ambiguous, and there are gaps in the discriminative ability of different indicators for severe headaches or migraines. Consequently, we set out to look into this association utilizing National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2004.

Methods: After the values of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body-mass index (BMI), body roundness index (BRI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), triglyceride glucose index (TyG), cardiac metabolism index (CMI), waist triglyceride Index (WTI), conicity index (CI) and weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) were estimated, with minimal sufficient adjustment for confounders determined by directed acyclic graph (DAG), weighted univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to ascertain the relationship between them and migraine.

Effects of Maillard Reaction Durations on the Physicochemical and Emulsifying Properties of Chickpea Protein Isolate.

This study investigated the physicochemical and emulsifying properties of chickpea protein isolate (CPI)-citrus pectin (CP) conjugates formed via the Maillard reaction across varying reaction durations. CPI and CP were conjugated under controlled dry-heating conditions, and the resulting conjugates were characterized by measuring their particle size, zeta potential, solubility, thermal stability, surface hydrophobicity, and emulsifying properties. The results showed that as reaction duration increased, the particle size and zeta potential of the CPI-CP conjugates increased significantly, reaching a maximum particle size of 1311.

Ferro-Valleytricity with In-Plane Spin Magnetization.

Ferro-valleytricity that manifests spin-orbit coupling (SOC)-induced spontaneous valley polarization is generally considered to occur in two-dimensional (2D) materials with out-of-plane spin magnetization. Here, we propose a mechanism to realize SOC-induced valley polarization and ferro-valleytricity in 2D materials with in-plane spin magnetization, wherein the physics correlates to non-collinear magnetism in triangular lattice. Our model analysis provides comprehensive ingredients that allow for ferro-valleytricity with in-plane spin magnetization, revealing that mirror symmetry favors remarkable valley polarization and time-reversal-mirror joint symmetry should be excluded.

Deep Learning-Based Automated Optical Inspection System for the Additive Manufacturing of Diamond Tools.

Cutting tools with orderly arranged diamond grits using additive manufacturing show better sharpness and longer service life than traditional diamond tools. A retractable needle jig with vacuum negative pressure was used to absorb and place grits in an orderly arranged manner. However, needle hole wear after a long service time could not promise complete grit adsorption forever.

Improving Optical Efficiency and Luminance of GaN-Based Micro-Light-Emitting Diodes for High-Resolution Displays via NH Plasma Pretreatment.

GaN-based micro-light-emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs) are regarded as promising light sources for near-eye-display applications such as augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) displays due to their high resolution, high brightness, and low power consumption. However, the application of Micro-LEDs in high-pixel-per-inch (PPI) displays is constrained by the drop in efficiency caused by sidewall defects in small-sized devices. In this study, a process method involving NH plasma pretreatment to reduce sidewall defects is proposed and investigated for enhancing the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of small-sized devices.

Parental Smoking and the Risk of Birth Defects in Offspring in China: A Systematic Review and meta-Analysis.

Objective: A meta-analysis of case-control studies was conducted to assess the risk of birth defects in offspring in China associated with maternal active and passive smoking and paternal smoking.

Methods: Four electronic databases were searched for qualified research up to December 2023. A Random-effect model or fixed-effect model was used to calculate the overall comprehensive risk estimates; and the relationship between parental smoking and the risk of birth defects in different periods of pregnancy.

Association between dental diseases and stroke.

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the existing evidence on the association between dental diseases and stroke. Various pathogenic mechanisms, including bacteraemia and systemic inflammation, were investigated to explore their impact on stroke occurrence and severity.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted through the online databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus.

Study on the Structural Characteristics and Foaming Properties of Ovalbumin-Citrus Pectin Conjugates Prepared by the Maillard Reaction.

This study explored the structural features and foaming properties of ovalbumin (OVA) and its glycosylated conjugates with citrus pectin (CP) formed through the Maillard reaction. The results demonstrated that OVA and CP were successfully conjugated, with the degree of grafting increasing to 43.83% by day 5 of the reaction.

[Risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants and establishment of a prediction model].

Objectives: To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants, and to establish a risk prediction model.

Methods: A total of 120 preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Shanghai Children's Hospital from January to December 2022 were included. According to the diagnostic criteria for BPD released by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 2018, they were divided into a non-BPD group (84 infants) and a BPD group (36 infants).

Improving the emulsifying properties and oil-water interfacial behaviors of chickpea protein isolates through Maillard reaction with citrus pectin.

The limited adsorption capability of chickpea protein isolates (CPI) at the oil-water interface restricts its application in emulsions. This study aimed to improve the emulsifying properties and interfacial behaviors of CPI through Maillard reaction with citrus pectin (CP). The research findings showed that the covalent linking of CP with CPI caused the unfolding of the molecular structure of CPI, exposing more hydrophobic groups.

A high affinity and selective DNA aptamer for copper ions.

Capture-SELEX was employed for the selection of DNA aptamers for Cu. The best aptamer named Cu-1 has a of 14.2 nM as determined using the strand-displacement assay, representing an approximate 3000-fold improvement over a previously reported Cu aptamer.

Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of epilepsy by wind quenching and phlegm resolving: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Using wind-quenching and phlegm-resolving (WQPR) therapy for epilepsy has yielded beneficial results in various clinical studies. However, a comprehensive analysis of the WQPR approach to epilepsy has not yet conducted to date. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the WQPR method in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for epilepsy.

Driving mechanism of land use and landscape pattern to phytoplankton and zooplankton community and their trophic interactions in river ecosystems.

The trophic interactions between phytoplankton and zooplankton communities are essential for maintaining river ecosystem integrity and health. However, the driving mechanisms of land use and landscape patterns (LULP) affecting their trophic interactions are not fully understood. Therefore, the research objective of this study was to reveal the driving mechanisms of LULP on the interaction of phytoplankton with zooplankton through remote sensing interpretation of LULP in different buffer scales (500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, and catchment), combined with water environment factors and plankton community structures analyzed.

A New Perspective on the Prediction and Treatment of Stroke: The Role of Uric Acid.

Stroke, a major cerebrovascular disease, has high morbidity and mortality. Effective methods to reduce the risk and improve the prognosis are lacking. Currently, uric acid (UA) is associated with the pathological mechanism, prognosis, and therapy of stroke.

Magnetic shielding properties of an iron-based nanocrystalline alloy for induction heating systems.

A nanocrystalline alloy, with an iron-based composition (FeSiBNbCu) and a Curie temperature of 570 °C, was investigated for its effectiveness as magnetic shielding films in an induction heating system. The primary focus of the research was to evaluate the shielding performance of the 3-turned (9-layered) shielding films with dimensions of 135 mm × 17 mm × 0.15 mm.