Innate liking and disgust reactions elicited by intraoral capsaicin in male mice.

Liking and disgust are the primary positive and negative emotions, respectively, and are crucial for nutrient intake and toxin avoidance. These emotions are induced by multimodal stimuli such as taste, olfactory, and somatosensory inputs, and their dysregulation is evident in various psychiatric disorders. To understand the biological basis of liking and disgust, it is crucial to establish an animal model that allows for quantitative estimation of liking and disgust in response to multimodal stimuli.

Sowing depth stability analysis and test verification of no-tillage planter parallel 4-bar row unit.

The sowing depth stability and consistency of the no-tillage planter, particularly the high-speed operation, are poor. A reason for this is that the structure and parameter selection of no-tillage planter row unit profiling mechanism are unreasonable. The stability and consistency of sowing depth is beneficial when the upper and lower links of the parallel 4-bar profiling mechanism (PFPM) are parallel to the ground, but this principle is not satisfied on the uneven no-till soil.

Follicular hyperandrogenism downregulates aromatase in luteinized granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome women.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing IVF-embryo transfer based-assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment show variable ovarian responses to exogenous FSH administration. For better understanding and control of PCOS ovarian responses in ART, the present study was carried out to compare the follicular hormones and the expression of granulosa cell genes between PCOS and non-PCOS women during ART treatment as well as their IVF outcomes. Overall, 138 PCOS and 78 non-PCOS women were recruited for the present study.