PRPF19 facilitates colorectal cancer liver metastasis through activation of the Src-YAP1 pathway via K63-linked ubiquitination of MYL9.

Distant metastasis is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysregulation of E3 ubiquitin ligases has been implicated in acting vital roles in multiple cancers. In this study, we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase, PRPF19 was positively correlated with liver metastasis, and predicted a worse clinical outcome in CRC.

The function of IL-33/ST2 signaling axis in treg cells activating fibrosis in IgG4-related disease.

Objects: To explore whether IL-33/ST2 signaling axis can activate Treg cells in promoting tissue fibrosis in IgG4-related disease.

Methods: Peripheral blood from patients diagnosed as IgG4-related disease and healthy volunteers matched with age and sex from September 2019 to December 2020 in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital was collected and disposed to separate the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum. The concentration of serum IL-33, IL-13 and ST2 was measured using ELISA kits.

circFOXM1 contributes to sorafenib resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating MECP2 via miR-1324.

As one of the most common malignant tumors, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths around the world. Emerging studies have indicated that circular RNAs (circRNAs), which play a crucial role in HCC pathogenesis and metastasis, are differentially expressed in HCC. However, the regulatory mechanisms of circRNA on sorafenib resistance of HCC are still unknown.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal microRNA-451a represses epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting ADAM10.

Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) expressing microRNAs (miRNAs) have been highlighted in human cancers. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of hucMSCs-derived exosomal miR-451a on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains further investigation. Our study aims to explore the impact of exosomal miR-451a on the progression of HCC.

Expression of Notch-Hif-1α signaling pathway in liver regeneration of rats.

Objective: To investigate whether the Notch-Hif-1α signaling pathway is involved in liver regeneration.

Methods: Rats were divided into two groups and treated with daily intraperitoneal injections of saline (control) or the gamma-secretase inhibitor, Fli-06, for 2 days. Two-thirds of the rat livers were resected and rats were later euthanized at specific time points post-resection to analyze the remnant livers.

Exosome-transmitted circular RNA hsa_circ_0051443 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression.

Extracellular communication in the tumor microenvironment is critical. Results of qRT-PCR show that circ-0051443 is significantly lower in the plasma exosomes and tissues from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than healthy controls. Compared with the producer cells, circ-0051443 is mainly packaged into exosomes.

Zn(II)-curcumin solid dispersion impairs hepatocellular carcinoma growth and enhances chemotherapy by modulating gut microbiota-mediated zinc homeostasis.

Zinc(II) complexes of curcumin display moderate cytotoxicity towards cancer cells at low micromolar concentrations. However, the clinical use of zinc(II) complexes is hampered by hydrolytic insolubility and poor bioavailability and their anticancer mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the efficacy and mechanism of action of a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-k30)-based solid dispersion of Zn(II)-curcumin (ZnCM-SD) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro and in vivo.

Effect of lincRNA-p21 targeting HIF-1α on biological functions of liver cancer cells.

The effects of long intergenic non-coding ribonucleic acid (lincRNA)-p21 targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on proliferation, apoptosis and migration of liver cancer cells were investigated. MHCC97H liver cancer cells were infected with control lentivirus (control group) and lincRNA-p21 lentivirus (observation group), and control stable cell lines and lincRNA-p21 stable cell lines were screened and obtained by using puromycin. The expression levels of lincRNA-p21 messenger RNA (mRNA) in the control and observation groups were analyzed via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

MiR-124 sensitizes cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity against CD133 hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting SIRT1/ROS/JNK pathway.

Drug resistance is still a major obstacle for efficient treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during the cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Recent studies have demonstrated that CD133 positive population of cancer cells are responsible for multiple drug resistance. We are supposed to take strategies to sensitize CD133 HCC cells to cisplatin treatment.

International normalized ratio on admission predicts the 90-day mortality of critically ill patients undergoing endarterectomy.

The association of the international normalized ratio (INR) with the long-term clinical outcome of patients who undergo endarterectomy has not yet been studied. The present study therefore primarily aimed to evaluate the association of INR on admission with the 90-day mortality of critically ill patients who underwent endarterectomy during hospitalization. The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database was queried for patients undergoing endarterectomy.

Long Non-Coding RNA PVT1/miR-150/ HIG2 Axis Regulates the Proliferation, Invasion and the Balance of Iron Metabolism of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background/aims: To investigate the biological roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PVT1 in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of miRNA and mRNA. Western blot was performed to measure the protein expression.

Anticancer effect of HOTTIP regulates human pancreatic cancer via the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 pathway.

The present study aimed to determine how the expression and function of HOTTIP modifies, and regulates the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) to affect human pancreatic cancer cell viability. HOTTIP expression was higher in human pancreatic cancer tissue compared with in para-carcinoma tissue. However, downregulation of HOTTIP expression was revealed to significantly reduce cell viability, induce apoptosis, promote caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities and increase Bax expression in pancreatic cancer cells.

Brazilin induces FOXO3A-dependent autophagic cell death by disturbing calcium homeostasis in osteosarcoma cells.

Purpose: Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone tumour, and its cure rate has stagnated over the past 25-30 years. Brazilin, a purified natural product from sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.), has been proved to possess potent anti-cancer effects.

Insulin-like growth factor 2 is a key mitogen driving liver repopulation in mice.

Hepatocyte transplantation holds great promise as an alternative to orthotopic organ transplantation in the treatment of liver diseases. However, obtaining clinically meaningful levels of liver repopulation has not been achieved because the mechanisms regulating hepatocyte proliferation in recipient livers have not yet been well characterized. In the mouse model of Hereditary Tyrosinemia Type I, the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase-deficient (Fah) mouse, we found gradually increasing expression level of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) in the hepatocytes of host livers.

Long non-coding RNA cox-2 prevents immune evasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by altering M1/M2 macrophage polarization.

Macrophages have been shown to demonstrate a high level of plasticity, with the ability to undergo dynamic transition between M1 and M2 polarized phenotypes. We investigate long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) cox-2 in macrophage polarization and the regulatory mechanism functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce RAW264.

Induced MiR-1249 expression by aberrant activation of Hedegehog signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aberrant activations of Hedegehog (Hh) signaling were found in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and some other cancer types. However, the details have not been completely understood and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we reported that miR-1249 transcription in HCC cells was regulated through direct binding to the conserved sequences in miR-1249 promoter region by Gli1, which functions as a transcription factor and is a component in the Hh signaling pathway.

High expression of AFAP1-AS1 is associated with poor survival and short-term recurrence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still a lethal malignancy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a critical role in cancer development and progression. Here we identified overexpression of the lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 in PDAC patients and evaluated its prognostic and functional relevance.