Can wage changes solve the labour crisis in the National Health Service?

This study aimed to examine the healthcare labour demand and supply elasticity regarding wage in the National Health Service (NHS) in England amid a labour crisis. A simultaneous error-correction regression analysis was conducted using secondary data from the NHS and Office for National Statistics from 2009 Q3 to 2022 Q1. Findings indicate both labour demand and supply of HCHS doctors in the NHS are highly inelastic with respect to real wages, with only a 0.

Individuals with long-term illness, disability or infirmity are more likely to smoke than healthy controls: An instrumental variable analysis.

Despite the prevalence of smoking cessation programs and public health campaigns, individuals with long-term illness, disability, or infirmity have been found to smoke more often than those without such conditions, leading to worsening health. However, the available literature has mainly focused on the association between long-term illness and smoking, which might suffer from the possible bidirectional influence, while few studies have examined the potential causal effect of long-term illness on smoking. This gap in knowledge can be addressed using an instrumental variable analysis that uses a third variable as an instrument between the endogenous independent and dependent variables and allows the identification of the direction of causality under the discussed assumptions.

The Effect of Grandparenting on the Depression and Life Satisfaction among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults.

Given the prevalence of depressive mental health symptoms among Chinese adults of grandparenting age in recent decades, a better understanding of how depression and life satisfaction among middle-aged and older adults in China are affected by their role as grandparents is called for. This study examines the relationship between grandparenting and depression and life satisfaction among Chinese adults using multilevel regression models based on a multilevel matching dataset formulated from the 2018 (CHARLS) and the 2018 . The results show that for adults who take care of their grandchildren, living with their children can significantly reduce depression.

Forecasting the COVID-19 vaccine uptake rate: an infodemiological study in the US.

A year following the initial COVID-19 outbreak in China, many countries have approved emergency vaccines. Public-health practitioners and policymakers must understand the predicted populational willingness for vaccines and implement relevant stimulation measures. This study developed a framework for predicting vaccination uptake rate based on traditional clinical data - involving an autoregressive model with autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) - and innovative web search queries - involving a linear regression with ordinary least squares/least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and machine-learning with boost and random forest.

Supercooling of Water Controlled by Nanoparticles and Ultrasound.

Nanoparticles, including AlO and SiO, and ultrasound were adopted to improve the solidification properties of water. The effects of nanoparticle concentration, contact angle, and ultrasonic intensity on the supercooling degree of water were investigated, as well as the dispersion stability of nanoparticles in water during solidification. Experimental results show that the supercooling degree of water is reduced under the combined effect of ultrasound and nanoparticles.