Butyrate attenuates SA-AKI by inhibiting pyroptosis via the STING-GSDMD axis.

Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a common and serious complication with high morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology of SA-AKI is complex. The underlying mechanisms of SA-AKI remain unclear, and effective therapeutic strategies are limited.

Preparation of polyclonal antibody to CHOP protein and its application in heat stress of chickens.

Heat stress (HS) is a stress response of organisms to temperature changes, which can result in organ damage and increased chicken mortality in high-temperature environments. The CHOP protein, also known as GADD 135, plays a crucial role in endoplasmic reticulum stress. However, there are fewer studies related to whether CHOP proteins are involved in heat stress-induced organ damage.

Effects of chronic Cr and Ni co-exposure on liver inflammation and autophagy in mice by regulating the TLR4/mTOR pathway.

Exposure to Cr and/or Ni can have widespread implications on the environment and health. However, the specific toxic effects of chronic Cr and Ni co-exposure on mice liver have not been reported. To ascertain the combined toxic effects of chronic Cr and Ni co-exposure on liver damage in mice, 80 6-week-old female C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the Con group, Cr group (Cr 50 mg/L), Ni group (Ni 110 mg/L), and Cr + Ni group (Cr 50 mg/L + Ni 110 mg/L).

Relationship between semen parameters, serum InhB, and INSL-3 levels, and the degree of varicocele.

Background: Varicocele is an abnormal expansion of the pampininias venous plexus in the scrotum, resulting in impaired sperm production and reduced sperm quality. The exact pathophysiological mechanism leading to varicocele-related infertility has not been fully elucidated. Although treatable, varicocele may lead to male infertility.

Butyrate alleviates renal fibrosis in CKD by regulating NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis via the STING/NF-κB/p65 pathway.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious and irreversible disease primarily characterized by chronic inflammation and renal fibrosis. Recent studies have suggested that gut microbiota-related metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are significantly associated with kidney diseases. Notably, butyrate, a type of SCFAs, plays a crucial role in this correlation.

Inhibition of semaphorin-3a suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury.

Semaphorin-3a (Sema3A), a soluble axon guidance cue, appears to play an important role in the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) and has been regarded as an early diagnostic marker to evaluate the progression of AKI. However, the role of Sema3A in sepsis-associated AKI remains unknown. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to simulate sepsis-associated AKI and the role of Sema3A in LPS-induced AKI was investigated in vivo and in vitro.

Attenuation of everolimus-induced cytotoxicity by a protective autophagic pathway involving ERK activation in renal cell carcinoma cells.

Aim: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a critical target for cancer treatment and the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (RAD001) has been approved for treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the limited efficacy of RAD001 has led to the development of drug resistance. Autophagy is closely related to cell survival and death, which may be activated under RAD001 stimulation.

Hypoxia-induced autophagy promotes gemcitabine resistance in human bladder cancer cells through hypoxia-inducible factor 1α activation.

Overcoming the chemoresistance of bladder cancer is a pivotal obstacle in clinical treatments. Hypoxia widely exists in solid tumors and has been demonstrated to contribute to chemoresistance through hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF‑1α)-mediated autophagy in several types of cancer. However, it is unclear whether HIF‑1α-mediated autophagy and chemoresistance occur in bladder cancer.

Inhibiting autophagy overcomes docetaxel resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.

Background: This study investigates the docetaxel-resistant mechanism and explores the effect of tea polyphenols (TP) on autophagy and its related mechanism in human castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cell lines PC3 and DU145.

Methods: Immunofluorescence assay and annexin V-FITC/PI double staining flow cytometry were used to analyze the apoptosis and autophagy of PC3 and DU145 cells. The expression of autophagy-related proteins was detected by western bolt.