Neighborhood Built Environment and Home Dialysis Utilization: Varying Pattens by Urbanicity-Dependent Patterns and Implications for Policy.

Rationale & Objective: Despite national efforts, uptake of home dialysis (peritoneal dialysis or home hemodialysis) remains low. Characteristics of the built environment may differentially impact home dialysis utilization.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study (2010-2019).

GLP-1 receptor agonists in kidney transplant recipients with pre-existing diabetes: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Given the cardiovascular, renal, and survival benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists for diabetes, these agents could be effective among kidney transplant recipients. However, kidney transplant recipients are distinct from GLP-1 receptor agonist trial participants, with longer diabetes duration and severity, greater end-organ damage, increased cardiovascular risk, and multimorbidity. We examined GLP-1 receptor agonist real-world effectiveness and safety in kidney transplant recipients with diabetes.

Association between avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder risk, dietary attitudes and behaviors among Chinese patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Restrictive eating behaviors are common among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which may may develop nutritional and/or quality of life impairments into avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence and characteristics of ARFID in Chinese patients with IBD, and to investigate the current perceptions and dietary behaviors of patients with and without ARFID.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in gastroenterology clinics of four tertiary hospitals in China.

Effect of antibiotics on diverse aquatic plants in aquatic ecosystems.

The widespread presence of antibiotics in aquatic ecosystems, mainly due to their use in medicine and veterinary practices, poses a significant environmental challenge. Aquatic plants play a vital role in maintaining ecosystem stability, but their responses to antibiotics vary by species, influenced by differences in their traits and interactions with environmental factors. However, the specific ways antibiotics affect these plants remain poorly understood.

Exploring the optical response of water status and light propagation in bruised 'Korla' fragrant pear tissues based on low-field nuclear magnetic resonance coupled with Monte Carlo simulation.

In this study, the water distribution and migration of bruised 'Korla' pear flesh during storage, as well as their relationships with optical properties and light propagation, were comprehensively investigated based on the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) coupled with Monte Carlo simulations. The immobilized water clearly transferred to free water during pear tissues bruising. The optical absorption coefficient (μ) around 1480 nm was strongly correlated with the LF-NMR T relaxation time of bruised pear tissues by 2D-COS.

A national registry study evaluated the landscape of kidney transplantation among presumed unauthorized immigrants in the United States.

Unauthorized immigrants and permanent residents may experience challenges in accessing kidney transplantation due to limited healthcare access, socioeconomic and cultural barriers. Understanding the United States (US) national landscape of kidney transplantation for non-citizens may inform policy changes. To evaluate this, we utilized two cohorts from the US national registry (2013-2023): 287,481 adult candidates for first transplant listing and 190,176 adult first transplant recipients.

Remaining useful life prediction of lithium-ion batteries using a novel particle flow filter framework with grey model.

Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction is a crucial aspect of the prognostics health management of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Owing to the influence of resampling technology, particle degradation is often observed in the particle filter-based RUL prediction of LIBs, resulting in a low prediction accuracy and large uncertainty. In this paper, a novel particle flow filter with the grey model method (GM-PFF) is proposed to forecast the RUL and state of health of batteries.

An efficient and lightweight detection method for stranded elastic needle defects in complex industrial environments using VEE-YOLO.

Deep learning has achieved significant success in the field of defect detection; however, challenges remain in detecting small-sized, densely packed parts under complex working conditions, including occlusion and unstable lighting conditions. This paper introduces YOLOv8-n as the core network to propose VEE-YOLO, a robust and high-performance defect detection model. Firstly, GSConv was introduced to enhance feature extraction in depthwise separable convolution and establish the VOVGSCSP module, emphasizing feature reusability for more effective feature engineering.

Southern California ozone exposure disparities under different emissions control strategies in a low-carbon future.

Environmental justice (EJ) has emerged as a critical consideration when planning new air pollution control strategies. In this study we analyze how traditional ozone (O) control strategies for the year 2050 will affect exposure disparities, defined as departures from the population average exposure, for O and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) in Southern California. Future air quality fields were simulated using a chemical transport model under five emission scenarios that explore a range of traditional controls that target the largest sources of precursor emissions using a novel O source apportionment technique but without considering exposure disparities.

Targeted degradation of oncogenic KRASG12V triggers antitumor immunity in lung cancer models.

Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is the most frequently mutated oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma, with G12C and G12V being the most predominant forms. Recent breakthroughs in KRASG12C inhibitors have transformed the clinical management of patients with the G12C mutation and advanced our understanding of the function of this mutation. However, little is known about the targeted disruption of KRASG12V, partly due to a lack of specific inhibitors.

Satisfying Consumer Preferences: The Packaging Design of Guizhou Red Sour Soup.

Red sour soup (RSS) is a traditional food with rich cultural connotations and nutritional value, unique to the Kaili region of Guizhou Province, China. However, the existing packaging design lacks cultural characteristics and visual appeal, which greatly limits its market potential. This study proposes a systematic research framework for RSS packaging design by integrating NLP, Kansei engineering, and semiotics.

Stable sequential dynamics in prefrontal cortex represents subjective estimation of time.

Time estimation is an essential prerequisite underlying various cognitive functions. Previous studies identified 'sequential firing' and 'activity ramps' as the primary neuron activity patterns in the medial frontal cortex (mPFC) that could convey information regarding time. However, the relationship between these patterns and the timing behavior has not been fully understood.

The impact of surprise billing laws on hospital-based physician prices and network participation.

Prior to the No Surprises Act (NSA), numerous states passed laws protecting patients from surprise medical bills from out-of-network (OON) hospital-based physicians supporting elective treatment in in-network hospitals. Even in non-emergency situations, patients have little ability to choose physicians such as anaesthesiologists, pathologists or radiologists. Using a comprehensive, multi-payer claims database, we estimated the effect of these laws on hospital-based physician reimbursement, charges, network participation and potential surprise billing episodes.

Weight Loss Intentionality and Frailty are Associated with Pre-Kidney Transplant Outcomes.

Key Points: In frail kidney transplant (KT) candidates with obesity, unintentional weight loss preceding KT evaluation is associated with lower chance of listing. In frail candidates with obesity, both unintentional and intentional weight loss is associated with higher waitlist mortality. Results suggest that in frail candidates with obesity, careful supervision of weight loss prior to KT should be considered, emphasizing strategies to preserve muscle mass and function.

Cancer-cell derived S100A11 promotes macrophage recruitment in ER+ breast cancer.

Macrophages are pivotal in driving breast tumor development, progression, and resistance to treatment, particularly in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumors, where they infiltrate the tumor microenvironment (TME) influenced by cancer cell-secreted factors. By analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing data from 25 ER+ tumors, we elucidated interactions between cancer cells and macrophages, correlating macrophage density with epithelial cancer cell density. We identified that S100A11, a previously unexplored factor in macrophage-cancer crosstalk, predicts high macrophage density and poor outcomes in ER+ tumors.

Using Risk Assessment to Improve Screening for Albuminuria among US Adults without Diabetes.

Background: Guidelines currently recommend annual screening for albuminuria only among persons with diabetes mellitus (DM). There is no guidance about albuminuria screening in those with other important risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD), such as hypertension and/or family history of kidney disease. We sought to create a risk score that predicts the likelihood of albuminuria in adults without diabetes to prompt earlier detection and management of CKD.

Association between household solid fuel usage and trajectories of multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to explore the effect of household solid fuel usage on the multimorbidity trajectories among middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: Based on the 2011-2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, the group-based trajectory modeling and the multinomial logistic regression model were used to explore the relationship between multimorbidity trajectories of older adults with different fuel types, duration of solid fuel usage, and potential interaction with PM. Three multimorbidity trajectory patterns were identified by group-based trajectory modeling and labeled as "non-chronic morbidity" (no disease increase), "newly developing multimorbidity" (diseases grew from 0 to 2), and "multi-chronic multimorbidity" (diseases grew from 2 to 4).

Hospitalization and Hospitalized Delirium Are Associated With Decreased Access to Kidney Transplantation and Increased Risk of Waitlist Mortality.

Background: Kidney transplant (KT) candidates often experience hospitalizations, increasing their delirium risk. Hospitalizations and delirium are associated with worse post-KT outcomes, yet their relationship with pre-KT outcomes is less clear. Pre-KT delirium may worsen access to KT due to its negative impact on cognition and ability to maintain overall health.

Causal links between circulatory inflammatory cytokines and risk of digestive polyps: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: There is a high morbidity of polyps in the digestive tract, and certain subtypes of polyps are thought to induce cancer progression and often recur, which may be associated with chronic inflammation. Mendelian randomization (MR) can help identify potential causative relationships and inform early treatment action.

Methods: We performed a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis implementing the results from genome-wide association studies for 41 serum cytokines from 8,293 Finnish individuals, and three types of polyps from European ancestry, respectively, including gastric polyp (6,155 cases vs.

Identifying when racial and ethnic disparities arise along the continuum of transplant care: a national registry study.

Background: Fewer minoritized patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) receive kidney transplantation (KT); efforts to mitigate disparities have thus far failed. Pinpointing the specific stage(s) within the transplant care continuum (being informed of KT options, joining the waiting list, to receiving KT) where disparities emerge among each minoritized population is pivotal for achieving equity. We therefore quantified racial and ethnic disparities across the KT care continuum.