A randomised controlled study on efficacy of midazolam and cartoon for decreasing preoperative anxiety in preschool children undergoing strabismus surgery.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect and influence of midazolam and cartoon on postoperative behaviour in reducing preoperative anxiety in preschool children.

Methods: Three hundred children undergoing monocular strabismus correction were divided into three groups: midazolam (M), cartoon (C), and CM. Preoperative anxiety scores, cooperation scores during anaesthesia induction, awakening time, emergence agitation, and postoperative adverse behaviours were recorded.

Discovery of an Exceptionally Orally Bioavailable and Potent HPK1 PROTAC with Enhancement of Antitumor Efficacy of Anti-PD-L1 Therapy.

HPK1, a well-known negative regulator of T cell receptors, can cause T cell dysfunction when abnormally activated. In this study, a PROTAC was designed and synthesized by optimizing the physicochemical properties of the warhead, linker, and CRBN ligand. demonstrated significant HPK1 degradation with a DC of 21.

Discovery of a potent CDKs/FLT3 PROTAC with enhanced differentiation and proliferation inhibition for AML.

AML is an aggressive malignancy of immature myeloid progenitor cells. Discovering effective treatments for AML through cell differentiation and anti-proliferation remains a significant challenge. Building on previous studies on CDK2 PROTACs with differentiation-inducing properties, this research aims to enhance CDKs degradation through structural optimization to facilitate the differentiation and inhibit the proliferation of AML cells.

Pacritinib inhibits proliferation of primary effusion lymphoma cells and production of viral interleukin-6 induced cytokines.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and a form of multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) are both caused by Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV). There is a critical need for improved therapies for these disorders. The IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of both PEL and KSHV-MCD.

Discovery of a potent and selective PARP1 degrader promoting cell cycle arrest via intercepting CDC25C-CDK1 axis for treating triple-negative breast cancer.

PARP1 is a multifaceted component of DNA repair and chromatin remodeling, making it an effective therapeutic target for cancer therapy. The recently reported proteolytic targeting chimera (PROTAC) could effectively degrade PARP1 through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, expanding the therapeutic application of PARP1 blocking. In this study, a series of nitrogen heterocyclic PROTACs were designed and synthesized through ternary complex simulation analysis based on our previous work.

Dual Charge-Transfer Channels Harmonize Carrier Separation for Efficient U(VI) Photoreduction.

The low efficient transfer of photogenerated electrons to an active catalytic site is a pivotal problem for the photoreduction of highly soluble hexavalent uranium [U(VI)] to low soluble tetravalent uranium [U(IV)]. Herein, we successfully synthesized a TiO/1T-MoS/reduced graphene oxide heterojunction (TTMR) with dual charge-transfer channels by exploiting the difference in Fermi levels between the heterojunction interfaces, which induced multilevel separation of photogenerated carriers. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the presence of the electron buffer layer promoted the efficient migration of photogenerated electrons between the dual charge-transfer channels, which achieved effective separation of photogenerated carriers in physical/spatial dimensions and significantly extended the lifetime of photogenerated electrons.

Advances of targeting the YAP/TAZ-TEAD complex in the hippo pathway for the treatment of cancers.

The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that plays critical roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer, oral cancer, rectal cancer, colloid cancer, and so on. YAP/TAZ-TEAD complex is a key knot in the Hippo pathway regulating cell proliferation and stem cell functions. Activation or overexpression of this complex has been proved to lead to cell transformation, proliferation and eventually cancerization.

Insulators' Identification and Missing Defect Detection in Aerial Images Based on Cascaded YOLO Models.

Insulators identification and their missing defect detection are of paramount importance for the intelligent inspection of high-voltage transmission lines. As the backgrounds are complex, some insulators may be occluded, and the missing defect of the insulator is so small that it is not easily detected from aerial images with different backgrounds. To address the above issues, in this study, a cascaded You Only Look Once (YOLO) models are mainly explored to perform insulators and their defect detection in aerial images.

Structural and Optical Properties of High Entropy (La,Lu,Y,Gd,Ce)AlO Perovskite Thin Films.

Mixtures of Ce-doped rare-earth aluminum perovskites are drawing a significant amount of attention as potential scintillating devices. However, the synthesis of complex perovskite systems leads to many challenges. Designing the A-site cations with an equiatomic ratio allows for the stabilization of a single-crystal phase driven by an entropic regime.

Dexmedetomidine prolongs the duration of local anesthetics when used as an adjuvant through both perineural and systemic mechanisms: a prospective randomized double-blinded trial.

Background: To study the respective peripheral and systemic mechanisms of action of dexmedetomidine, as adjuvant to regional anesthesia, we compared dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine for mid-forearm nerve blocks, to either systemic-only dexmedetomidine, and to a control with no dexmedetomidine.

Methods: Sixty patients undergoing hand surgery were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20 per group). Each group underwent a triple-nerve (median, radial and ulnar) mid-forearm blocks with 0.

CDK4/6 inhibitors sensitize gammaherpesvirus-infected tumor cells to T-cell killing by enhancing expression of immune surface molecules.

Background: The two oncogenic human gammaherpesviruses, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), both downregulate immune surface molecules, such as MHC-I, ICAM-1, and B7-2, enabling them to evade T-cell and natural killer cell immunity. Both also either encode for human cyclin homologues or promote cellular cyclin activity, and this has been shown to be important for proliferation and survival of gammaherpesvirus-induced tumors. CDK4/6 inhibitors, which are approved for certain breast cancers, have been shown to enhance expression of MHC-I in cell lines and murine models of breast cancer, and this was attributed to activation of interferons by endogenous retrovirus elements.

Rapid Pressureless Sintering of Glasses.

Silica glasses have wide applications in industrial fields due to their extraordinary properties, such as high transparency, low thermal expansion coefficient, and high hardness. However, current methods of fabricating silica glass generally require long thermal treatment time (up to hours) and complex setups, leading to high cost and slow manufacturing speed. Herein, to obtain high-quality glasses using a facile and rapid method, an ultrafast high-temperature sintering (UHS) technique is reported that requires no additional pressure.

Single cell atlas for 11 non-model mammals, reptiles and birds.

The availability of viral entry factors is a prerequisite for the cross-species transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Large-scale single-cell screening of animal cells could reveal the expression patterns of viral entry genes in different hosts. However, such exploration for SARS-CoV-2 remains limited.

The trans-omics landscape of COVID-19.

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health emergency. Various omics results have been reported for COVID-19, but the molecular hallmarks of COVID-19, especially in those patients without comorbidities, have not been fully investigated. Here we collect blood samples from 231 COVID-19 patients, prefiltered to exclude those with selected comorbidities, yet with symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to critically ill.

Single and Repeated Intrapleural Ropivacaine Administration: A Plasma Concentration and Pharmacodynamics Study.

Background: Intrapleural analgesia has been increasingly recommended for postoperative analgesia after thoracic surgery. However, the analgesic effect provided by a single intrapleural administration is time limited. This study reports the efficacy and safety of repeated intrapleural 0.

Hierarchical Suppression Based Matched Filter for Hyperspertral Imagery Target Detection.

Target detection in hyperspectral imagery (HSI) aims at extracting target components of interest from hundreds of narrow contiguous spectral bands, where the prior target information plays a vital role. However, the limitation of the previous methods is that only single-layer detection is carried out, which is not sufficient to discriminate the target parts from complex background spectra accurately. In this paper, we introduce a hierarchical structure to the traditional algorithm matched filter (MF).

Elevated Exhaustion Levels of NK and CD8 T Cells as Indicators for Progression and Prognosis of COVID-19 Disease.

Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induced Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed a global threat to public health. The immune system is crucial in defending and eliminating the virus and infected cells. However, immune dysregulation may result in the rapid progression of COVID-19.

Inhibition of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase/Ribosomal S6 Kinase Cascade Limits Chlamydia trachomatis Infection.

Chlamydiatrachomatis is the cause of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Azithromycin is effective in treating chlamydial infection; however, resistance to this antibiotic is increasing, and it is important that new therapeutic strategies are developed. In this study, we demonstrated that inhibitors targeting each kinase in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/ribosomal S6 kinase cascade significantly decreased the size and number of inclusions as well as the number of infectious progeny.

Improved YOLO-V3 with DenseNet for Multi-Scale Remote Sensing Target Detection.

Remote sensing targets have different dimensions, and they have the characteristics of dense distribution and a complex background. This makes remote sensing target detection difficult. With the aim at detecting remote sensing targets at different scales, a new You Only Look Once (YOLO)-V3-based model was proposed.

Ganoderic acid A attenuates high-fat-diet-induced liver injury in rats by regulating the lipid oxidation and liver inflammation.

Ganoderic Acid A (GA) has many pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive effects. However, the protective effect of GA on liver injury has not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the action of GA on insufficient methionine and choline combined with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats.

Low temperature self-densification of high strength bulk hexagonal boron nitride.

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) ceramics are expected to have wide applications at high temperatures as both a structural and functional material. However, because of its flake structure and general inertness, it is currently impossible to sinter hBN powder to a dense bulk (with a relative density of above 96%) even at 2000 °C. Here, we report dense bulk hBN with 97.