Kernel representation-based End-to-End network-enabled decoding strategy for precise and medical diagnosis.

Artificial intelligence-assisted imaging biosensors have attracted increasing attention due to their flexibility, allowing for the digital image analysis and quantification of biomarkers. While deep learning methods have led to advancements in biomarker identification, the diversity in the density and adherence of targets still poses a serious challenge. In this regard, we propose CellNet, a neural network model specifically designed for detecting dense targets.

Mapping the spatial atlas of the human bone tissue integrating spatial and single-cell transcriptomics.

Bone is a multifaceted tissue requiring orchestrated interplays of diverse cells within specialized microenvironments. Although significant progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms of component cells of bone, revealing their spatial organization and interactions in native bone tissue microenvironment is crucial for advancing precision medicine, as they govern fundamental signaling pathways and functional dependencies among various bone cells. In this study, we present the first integrative high-resolution map of human bone and bone marrow, using spatial and single-cell transcriptomics profiling from femoral tissue.

Stereo-seq of the prefrontal cortex in aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Aging increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), driving pathological changes like amyloid-β (Aβ) buildup, inflammation, and oxidative stress, especially in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). We present the first subcellular-resolution spatial transcriptome atlas of the human prefrontal cortex (PFC), generated with Stereo-seq from six male AD cases at varying neuropathological stages and six age-matched male controls. Our analyses revealed distinct transcriptional alterations across PFC layers, highlighted disruptions in laminar structure, and exposed AD-related shifts in layer-to-layer and cell-cell interactions.

Unlocking dual-mode enzyme activities on bacterial surface: Directional recognition and swift capture of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris from fruit juices.

The acidophilic and heat-resistant characteristics of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (A. acidoterrestris) pose significant challenges to fruit juice production. Traditional thermal removal methods are often ineffective against this resilient bacterium.

Multiplexed food-borne pathogen detection using an argonaute-mediated digital sensor based on a magnetic-bead-assisted imaging transcoding system.

Accurate, sensitive and multiplexed detection of food-borne pathogens is crucial for assessing food safety risks. Here we present a digital DNA-amplification-free nucleic acid detection assay to achieve multiplexed and ultrasensitive detection of three food-borne pathogens. We used mesophilic Clostridium butyricum argonaute and magnetic beads in a digital carrier system (d-MAGIC).

Comparison of models to predict incident chronic liver disease: a systematic review and external validation in Chinese adults.

Background: Risk prediction models can identify individuals at high risk of chronic liver disease (CLD), but there is limited evidence on the performance of various models in diverse populations. We aimed to systematically review CLD prediction models, meta-analyze their performance, and externally validate them in 0.5 million Chinese adults in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB).

Pd/Cu-TCPP(Fe)-polydopamine mediated magnetic relaxation switching immunosensor for sensitive detection of chlorpyrifos.

This study presents the development of a magnetic relaxation switching (MRS) immunosensor for the sensitive detection of chlorpyrifos (CPF) with a signal amplification strategy using Pd/Cu-TCPP(Fe) hybrid nanosheets and polydopamine (PDA). Pd/Cu-TCPP(Fe) nanosheets, which exhibit high peroxidase-like activity and excellent storage stability, making them suitable replacements for natural enzymes in biosensors, are further functionalized with goat anti-mouse IgG (Ab) to construct an immunosensor. The mechanism relies on the competition between free CPF and the immobilized bovine serum albumin-CPF conjugates for antibody binding, which modulates the aggregation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) that are related to the transverse relaxation time.

Phenotypic vs. Genetic Mismatch of BMI and Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence from Two Perspective Cohort Studies.

Little is known about the population-based mismatch between phenotypic and genetic BMI (BMI-PGM) and its association with type 2 diabetes. We therefore used data from the China Kadoorie Biobank and UK Biobank and calculated BMI-PGM for each participant as the difference between the percentile for adjusted BMI at baseline and the percentile for adjusted polygenic risk score for BMI. Participants were categorized into discordantly low (BMI-PGM< the 1st quartile), concordant (the 1st quartile ≤BMI-PGM View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Physical activity trajectories and their determinants in older adults with subjective cognitive decline: Results from a national cohort study.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the trajectories of physical activity among older adults with subjective cognitive decline and explore the determinants influencing these trajectories within a national cohort.

Design: Cohort study.

Methods: We used data from a national cohort called the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and included 1063 participants.

Associations of long-term nitrogen dioxide exposure with a wide spectrum of diseases: a prospective cohort study of 0·5 million Chinese adults.

Background: Little evidence is available on the long-term health effects of nitrogen dioxide (NO) in low-income and middle-income populations. We investigated the associations of long-term NO exposure with the incidence of a wide spectrum of disease outcomes, based on data from the China Kadoorie Biobank.

Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 512 724 Chinese adults aged 30-79 years recruited from ten areas of China during 2004-08.

Relationship between physical fitness and executive function in preschool children: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Physical fitness (PF) is important for children's physical and cognitive development. There is increasing interest in the relationship between physical fitness, and executive function. Since it is unclear which physical fitness component benefits which domain of executive functioning, it's challenging to develop effective physical intervention programs for children with executive functioning disorders.

Optimization and Implication of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Craniofacial Bone Regeneration and Repair.

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising resource for craniofacial bone regeneration due to their high abundance and easy accessibility, significant osteogenic potential, versatile applications, and potential for personalized medicine, which underscore their importance in this field. This article reviews the current progress of preclinical studies that describe the careful selection of specific ADSC subpopulations, key signaling pathways involved, and usage of various strategies to enhance the osteogenic potential of ADSCs. Additionally, clinical case reports regarding the application of ADSCs in the repair of calvarial defects, cranio-maxillofacial defects, and alveolar bone defects are also discussed.

Risk prediction of ischemic heart disease using plasma proteomics, conventional risk factors and polygenic scores in Chinese and European adults.

Plasma proteomics could enhance risk prediction for multiple diseases beyond conventional risk factors or polygenic scores (PS). To assess utility of proteomics for risk prediction of ischemic heart disease (IHD) compared with conventional risk factors and PS in Chinese and European populations. A nested case-cohort study measured plasma levels of 2923 proteins using Olink Explore panel in ~ 4000 Chinese adults (1976 incident IHD cases and 2001 sub-cohort controls).

Unsupervised Learning-Assisted Acoustic-Driven Nano-Lens Holography for the Ultrasensitive and Amplification-Free Detection of Viable Bacteria.

Bacterial infection is a crucial factor resulting in public health issues worldwide, often triggering epidemics and even fatalities. The accurate, rapid, and convenient detection of viable bacteria is an effective method for reducing infections and illness outbreaks. Here, an unsupervised learning-assisted and surface acoustic wave-interdigital transducer-driven nano-lens holography biosensing platform is developed for the ultrasensitive and amplification-free detection of viable bacteria.

Construction of physical activity promoting indicators system for older adults with subjective cognitive decline using Delphi method.

Background: For older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), physical activity is now recognized as an effective means to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease. However, this population often exhibits lower levels of physical activity. This study aimed to establish physical activity promoting indicators system for older adults with SCD, providing comprehensive targets for interventions and promoting relevant policies.

Expert consensus for pertussis in children: new concepts in diagnosis and treatment.

Background: Pertussis resurgence has been reported worldwide in the past two decades. Pertussis is still endemic and difficult to control though with universal vaccination in children. The resurgence may be related to multiple variables, such as increased disease awareness and laboratory tests, waning of immunity following vaccination, and/or genetic mutations of Bordetella pertussis.

The Association Between Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry and Mortality - 10 CKB Study Areas, China, 2004-2022.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: China has the world's most significant public health and economic burden of chronic respiratory disease. However, the association between preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and mortality risk is unknown.

What Is Added By This Report?: The PRISm group exhibited a 37% higher risk of all-cause mortality than the normal group, and the risks of death from cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, respiratory diseases, and infectious and parasitic diseases were also increased in PRISm.

Factors influencing physical activity behavior in older adults with subjective cognitive decline: an empirical study using SEM and fsQCA methods.

Objectives: Despite the evident potential benefits of engaging in physical activity (PA) for older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), their PA levels remains low. Previous research has predominantly focused on PA behaviors in individuals with dementia/mild cognitive impairment, with limited attention given to those with SCD. Therefore, this study aims to identify key factors influencing PA behavior in older adults with SCD based on the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and the capability-opportunity-motivation (COM-B) model.

An Amplification-Free Digital Assay Based on Primer Exchange Reaction-Mediated Botryoidal-Like Fluorescent Polystyrene Dots to Detect Multiple Pathogenic Bacteria.

Multiple and ultrasensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria is critical but remains a challenge. Here, we introduce a digital assay for multiplexed and target DNA amplification-free detection of pathogenic bacteria using botryoidal-like fluorescent polystyrene dots (PS-dots), which were first prepared through the hybridization reaction between primer exchange reaction chains and polystyrene nanospheres that encapsulated polymer dots for signal preamplification. The pathogenic bacteria's DNA was cleavaged by the argonaute (Ago) protein-mediated multiple and precise cleavage reactions, where the obtained target sequences bridged the magnetic beads (MBs) and botryoidal-like PS-dots via a hybridization reaction, and the fluorescent MB-botryoidal PS-dot complexes were utilized as digital probes based on colors and sizes for digital encoding.