Liraglutide promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization and CXCL9 release in vitro.

As a GLP-1 receptor agonist widely used in treating type 2 diabetes, liraglutide shows potential applications in bone tissue engineering. This study investigated liraglutide's direct effects on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenic differentiation and its regulatory mechanism through macrophage polarization. Results showed that liraglutide significantly enhanced BMSC migration and osteogenic differentiation.

Naturally Occurring Cleistanthane Diterpenoids and Their Biological Activities.

Cleistanthane diterpenoids, an important class of active natural products, are characterized by a 6/6/6 tricycle system and contain a variety of functional groups. Studies have shown that cleistanthane diterpenoids are widespread in various higher plants and endophytic fungi and exhibit a wide range of biological activities. This review provides extensive coverage of naturally occurring cleistanthane diterpenoids discovered from 1973 to 2024 and sheds light on the sources, structures, biological effects, and primary molecular mechanisms of them and provides a useful reference for the further study and development of these compounds.

Jatrophane diterpenoids from Jatropha curcas with multidrug resistance reversal activity.

Nine jatrophane diterpenoids, including six previously undescribed compounds, were extracted and purified from whole plants of Jatropha curcas L. Their structures including absolute configurations were characterized by spectroscopic, quantum chemical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Electronic Circular Dichroism calculation, and Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction methods. These compounds were evaluated for their ability to reverse multidrug resistance.

A blood glucose fluctuation-responsive delivery system promotes bone regeneration and the repair function of Smpd3-reprogrammed BMSC-derived exosomes.

Blood glucose fluctuation leads to poor bone defect repair in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Strategies to safely and efficiently improve the bone regeneration disorder caused by blood glucose fluctuation are still a challenge. Neutral sphingophospholipase 2 (Smpd3) is downregulated in jawbone-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from T2DM patients.

ARID1A loss sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to floxuridine.

The loss-of-function mutation of AT-rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A) frequently occurs in various types of cancer, making it a promising therapeutic target. In the present study, we performed a screening of an FDA-approved drug library in ARID1A isogenic colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and discovered that ARID1A loss sensitizes CRC cells to floxuridine (FUDR), an antineoplastic agent used for treating hepatic metastases from CRC, both in vivo and in vitro. As a pyrimidine analogue, FUDR induces DNA damage by inhibiting thymidylate synthase (TS) activity.

A Novel Plant-Derived Biopesticide Mitigates Root Rot of by Modulating the Rhizosphere Microbiome and Root Metabolome.

root rot caused by the species complex significantly affects the yield and quality of , a valuable medicinal herb. Traditional management primarily relies on chemical fungicides, which have led to pathogen resistance, environmental hazards, and concerns regarding public health and the active components in . This study explores the efficacy of a novel plant-derived biopesticide Shi Chuang Zhi Feng Ning (T1; SCZFN), alongside wettable powder (T2) and a chemical fungicide (T3), in controlling root rot and understanding their impacts on the rhizosphere microbial community and root metabolome.

Electron Microscopy Analysis of Membraneless Condensates in Plant Cells.

Biomolecular condensates are triggered by multivalent interactions conferred by the intrinsically disordered regions and/or interacting domains within the constituents. While light microscopy has provided powerful tools to study the dynamics of intracellular condensates, electron microscopy (EM) gives more detailed insights into their ultrastructure and spatial connectivity with membrane system. In this chapter, we describe the methods for detecting the membraneless condensates in plant cells by high-pressure freezing -based EM coupled with immuno-gold labeling and correlative light electron microscopy techniques, which may benefit researchers in future studies.

A condensates-to-VPS41-associated phagic vacuoles conversion pathway controls autophagy degradation in plants.

Autophagy is a universal degradation system in eukaryotic cells. In plants, although autophagosome biogenesis has been extensively studied, the mechanism of how autophagosomes are transported to the vacuole for degradation remains largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that upon autophagy induction, Arabidopsis homotypic fusion and protein sorting (HOPS) subunit VPS41 converts first from condensates to puncta, then to ring-like structures, termed VPS41-associated phagic vacuoles (VAPVs), which enclose autophagy-related gene (ATG)8s for vacuolar degradation.

Comparative Study on the Satisfaction of Healthcare Service Providers with the Synergistic Development of Rural Healthcare Systems in China: Medical Alliance Counties vs. Non-Medical Alliance Counties.

Introduction: This study aimed to explore whether the establishment of county medical alliances can improve satisfaction with the vertical integration of healthcare systems among rural medical and healthcare service provider managers and service providers. Our study also sought to provide recommendations for the sustainable development of vertical integration in healthcare systems.

Methods: A semi-structured interview with 30 healthcare service providers was employed in this research, and Nvivo software was utilized to analyze factors that influence vertical integration.

Two Novel Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum Pendulum.

Two previously uncharacterized compounds, an aconitine-type C-diterpenoid alkaloid (1) and a napelline-type diterpenoid alkaloid C-diterpenoid alkaloid (2), as well as ten known compounds (3-12), were isolated from Aconitum pendulum. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR, IR, HR-ESI-MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The anti-insecticidal activities of these compounds were evaluated by contact toxicity tests against two-spotted spider mites, and compounds 1, 2, and 9 showed moderate contact toxicity, with LC values of 0.

Therapeutic targeting of ARID1A-deficient cancer cells with RITA (Reactivating p53 and inducing tumor apoptosis).

ARID1A, a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex, is frequently mutated in various cancer types and has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. In this study, we observed that ARID1A-deficient colorectal cancer (CRC) cells showed synthetic lethal effects with a p53 activator, RITA (reactivating p53 and inducing tumor apoptosis). RITA, an inhibitor of the p53-MDM2 interaction, exhibits increased sensitivity in ARID1A-deficient cells compared to ARID1A wild-type cells.

Phages enhance both phytopathogen density control and rhizosphere microbiome suppressiveness.

Unlabelled: Bacteriophages, viruses that specifically target plant pathogenic bacteria, have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional agrochemicals. However, it remains unclear how phages should be applied to achieve efficient pathogen biocontrol and to what extent their efficacy is shaped by indirect interactions with the resident microbiota. Here, we tested if the phage biocontrol efficacy of phytopathogenic bacterium can be improved by increasing the phage cocktail application frequency and if the phage efficacy is affected by pathogen-suppressing bacteria already present in the rhizosphere.

Machine Learning Model Based on Radiomics for Preoperative Differentiation of Jaw Cystic Lesions.

Objective: This study aims to use machine learning techniques together with radiomics methods to build a preoperative predictive diagnostic model from spiral computed tomography (CT) images. The model is intended for the differential diagnosis of common jaw cystic lesions.

Study Design: Retrospective, case-control study.

Biomechanical analysis of the maxillary sinus floor membrane during internal sinus floor elevation with implants at different angles of the maxillary sinus angles.

Objective: This study analyzed and compared the biomechanical properties of maxillary sinus floor mucosa with implants at three different maxillary sinus angles during a modified internal sinus floor elevation procedure.

Methods: 3D reconstruction of the implant, maxillary sinus bone, and membrane were performed. The maxillary sinus model was set at three different angles.

Biocompatible 2D Materials via Liquid Phase Exfoliation.

2D materials (2DMs), such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and black phosphorus (BP), have been proposed for different types of bioapplications, owing to their unique physicochemical, electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. Liquid phase exfoliation (LPE), as one of the most effective up-scalable and size-controllable methods, is becoming the standard process to produce high quantities of various 2DM types as it can benefit from the use of green and biocompatible conditions. The resulting exfoliated layered materials have garnered significant attention because of their biocompatibility and their potential use in biomedicine as new multimodal therapeutics, antimicrobials, and biosensors.

Unveiling Liquid-Phase Exfoliation of Graphite and Boron Nitride Using Fluorescent Dyes Through Combined Experiments and Simulations.

Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) in aqueous solutions provides a simple, scalable, and green approach to produce 2D materials. By combining atomistic simulations with exfoliation experiments, the interaction between a surfactant and a 2D layer at the molecular scale can be better understood. In this work, two different dyes, corresponding to rhodamine B base (Rbb) and to a phenylboronic acid BODIPY (PBA-BODIPY) derivative, are employed as dispersants to exfoliate graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) through sonication-assisted LPE.

Navigation-based endoscopic enucleation (NBEE) of large mandibular cystic lesions involving the ramus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to present an innovative surgical protocol, navigation-based endoscopic enucleation (NBEE) for the treatment of large mandibular cystic lesions involving the mandibular ramus.

Methods: Twelve patients who presented with a large mandibular cystic lesion involving the mandibular ramus were enrolled in this study. Preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation were performed in all 12 patients.

Flexible and accurate total variation and cascaded denoisers-based image reconstruction algorithm for hyperspectrally compressed ultrafast photography.

Hyperspectrally compressed ultrafast photography (HCUP) based on compressed sensing and time- and spectrum-to-space mappings can simultaneously realize the temporal and spectral imaging of non-repeatable or difficult-to-repeat transient events with a passive manner in single exposure. HCUP possesses an incredibly high frame rate of tens of trillions of frames per second and a sequence depth of several hundred, and therefore plays a revolutionary role in single-shot ultrafast optical imaging. However, due to ultra-high data compression ratios induced by the extremely large sequence depth, as well as limited fidelities of traditional algorithms over the image reconstruction process, HCUP suffers from a poor image reconstruction quality and fails to capture fine structures in complex transient scenes.

Fracture identification and characteristics of carbonate underground gas storage: an example from the eastern area of Sulige gas field, ordos Basin, China.

The carbonate rock formations have obvious dual media characteristics, fracture development and good physical conditions, which are the main seepage channels and storage spaces for gas after the reconstruction of underground gas storage. The carbonate strata of the Ordovician system are important natural gas reservoirs in the eastern area of Sulige Gas Field in the Ordos Basin, and the identification and characterization of their fractures are of great significance for the modeling of fractures in the later stage and the improvement of the operation scheme of the gas storage. At present, there is little research on fractures, which restricts exploration and development.

Pulmonary Toxicity of Boron Nitride Nanomaterials Is Aspect Ratio Dependent.

Boron nitride (BN) nanomaterials have drawn a lot of interest in the material science community. However, extensive research is still needed to thoroughly analyze their safety profiles. Herein, we investigated the pulmonary impact and clearance of two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (-BN) nanosheets and boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) in mice.