"Intrinsic disorder-protein modification-LLPS-tumor" regulatory axis: From regulatory mechanisms to precision medicine.

Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) is an important mechanism for the formation of functional droplets. Protein modification is an important pathway to regulate LLPS, in which series of modifying groups realize dynamic regulation by changing the charge and spatial resistance of the modified proteins. Meanwhile, uncontrolled protein modifications associated with LLPS dysregulation are highly correlated with tumorigenesis and development, suggesting the existence of a potential regulatory axis between the three.

Inhibition of TOX exerts anti-tumor effects in acute myeloid leukemia by upregulating IRF7 expression.

Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein (TOX) is regarded as a crucial transcription factor involved in T cell exhaustion in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Previous studies have identified aberrant TOX expression as a major oncogenic driver in hematologic malignancies, indicating that TOX may potentially be both an immune biomarker and an immunotherapy target. However, due to heterogeneity in the distribution patterns of TOX and its correlation with clinical prognosis, the mechanism underlying TOX-mediated tumor immune responses remains unclear.

Association between depression and diabetes among American adults using NHANES data from 2005 to 2020.

Depression impairs self-management in diabetic patients, exacerbates insulin resistance, and elevates glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, thereby increasing diabetes risk. This study analyzed data from 30,386 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), assessing depression severity using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and evaluating diabetes status through clinical markers such as HbA1c, random blood glucose, and fasting blood glucose. Participants were stratified by depression severity and diabetes status to examine the relationship between depression and diabetes risk.

Topology-Aware Uncertainty for Image Segmentation.

Segmentation of curvilinear structures such as vasculature and road networks is challenging due to relatively weak signals and complex geometry/topology. To facilitate and accelerate large scale annotation, one has to adopt semi-automatic approaches such as proofreading by experts. In this work, we focus on uncertainty estimation for such tasks, so that highly uncertain, and thus error-prone structures can be identified for human annotators to verify.

DOT1L protects against podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease through phospholipase C-like 1.

Background: Podocyte injury causes proteinuria and accelerates glomerular sclerosis during diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like (DOT1L), an evolutionarily conserved histone methyltransferase, has been reported in preventing kidney fibrosis in chronic kidney disease models. However, whether DOT1L exerts beneficial effects in diabetes induced podocyte injury and the underlying molecular mechanisms need further exploration.

Triclocarban disrupts the activation and differentiation of human CD8 T cells by suppressing the vitamin D receptor signaling.

Triclocarban (TCC) is a widely applied environmental endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). Similar to most of EDCs, TCC potentially damages the immunity of various species. However, whether and how TCC impacts the adaptive immunity in mammals has yet to be determined.

Polysaccharides in Medicinal and Food Homologous Plants regulate intestinal flora to improve type 2 diabetes: Systematic review.

Background: Medicinal and food homologous plants (MFHPs) which can improve Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) draw significant attention among the public due to their low toxicity and more safety. Polysaccharides, one of the various active components of MFHPs, are recognized as effective modulators of the intestinal flora. By altering the composition of intestinal flora and affecting their metabolic products, polysaccharides can improve T2DM, making them a central focus of anti-diabetic research.

Effects of penthiopyrad on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in zebrafish.

Exposure to specific pesticides has been demonstrated to alter normal thyroid function of aquatic vertebrates. This study aimed to investigate the impact of penthiopyrad (PO) on the thyroid function of zebrafish, further elucidating its toxic mechanisms on the early developmental stages of zebrafish. Exposure to sublethal doses of PO (0.

Effects of the seedling tray overlapping for seed emergence mode on emergence characteristics and growth of rice seedlings.

Seedling mode plays a crucial role in the rice production process, as it significantly affects the growth and development of seedlings. Among the various seedling modes, the seedling tray overlapping for seed emergence mode (STOSE mode) has been demonstrated to be effective in enhancing seedling quality. However, the impact of this mode on the germination and growth of seeds with varying plumpness remains uncertain.

A Viscous-Biofluid Self-Pumping Organohydrogel Dressing to Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing.

Viscous biofluids on wounds challenge conventional "water-absorbing" wound dressings in efficient drainage due to their poor fluidity, generally causing prolonged inflammation, anti-angiogenesis, and delayed wound closure. Herein, it is reported that a self-pumping organohydrogel dressing (SPD) with aligned hydrated hydrogel channels, prepared by a three-dimensional-templated wetting-enabled-transfer (3D-WET) polymerization process, can efficiently drain viscous fluids and accelerate diabetic wound healing. The asymmetric wettability of the hydrophobic-hydrophilic layers and aligned hydrated hydrogel channels enable unidirectional and efficient drainage of viscous fluids away from the wounds, preventing their overhydration and inflammatory stimulation.

Novel Angiogenesis Role of GLP-1(32-36) to Rescue Diabetic Ischemic Lower Limbs via GLP-1R-Dependent Glycolysis in Mice.

Background: Restoring the capacity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to promote angiogenesis is the major therapeutic strategy of diabetic peripheral artery disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1; 32-36)-an end product of GLP-1-on angiogenesis of EPCs and T1DM (type 1 diabetes) mice, as well as its interaction with the classical GLP-1R (GLP-1 receptor) pathway and its effect on mitochondrial metabolism.

Methods: In in vivo experiments, we conducted streptozocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice as a murine model of unilateral hind limb ischemia to examine the therapeutic potential of GLP-1(32-36) on angiogenesis.

Enhanced performance of EEG-based brain-computer interfaces by joint sample and feature importance assessment.

Electroencephalograph (EEG) has been a reliable data source for building brain-computer interface (BCI) systems; however, it is not reasonable to use the feature vector extracted from multiple EEG channels and frequency bands to perform recognition directly due to the two deficiencies. One is that EEG data is weak and non-stationary, which easily causes different EEG samples to have different quality. The other is that different feature dimensions corresponding to different brain regions and frequency bands have different correlations to a certain mental task, which is not sufficiently investigated.

Research on risk factor filtering and rating of cold chain logistics from the perspective of root-state risk identification.

The natural attributes of perishable and vulnerable cold chain products make the cold chain have more risks than the general supply chain. The attribute characteristics and internal relations of various risks increase the complexity of risk analysis. The purpose of this paper is to study the horizontal and vertical assessment of various risk factors.

Comparative Transcriptome Combined with Morphophysiological Analyses Revealed Carotenoid Biosynthesis for Differential Chilling Tolerance in Two Contrasting Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes.

Early spring cold spells can lead to leaf chlorosis during the rice seedling greening process. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the rice greening process under low-temperature conditions remain unknown. In this study, comparative transcriptome and morphophysiological analyses were performed to investigate the mechanisms mediating the responses of the Koshihikari (Kos) and Kasalath (Kas) rice cultivars to chilling stress.

Assessment of reproductive toxicity in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) following sublethal exposure to penthiopyrad.

Penthiopyrad (PO), a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide, poses a potential risk to fish. Here, we investigated the adverse effects of PO on endocrine regulation and reproductive capacity in zebrafish during a 21-d sublethal exposure to PO concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 2.

Lipidomics Profiling Reveals Serum Phospholipids Associated with Albuminuria in Early Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Early screening and administration of DKD are beneficial for renal outcomes of type 2 diabetic patients. However, the current early diagnosis using the albuminuria/creatine ratio (ACR) contains limitations. This study aimed to compare serum lipidome variation between type 2 diabetes and early DKD patients with increased albuminuria through an untargeted lipidomics method to explore the potential lipid biomarkers for DKD identification.

ELABELA/APJ Axis Prevents Diabetic Glomerular Endothelial Injury by Regulating AMPK/NLRP3 Pathway.

ELABELA (ELA), a recently discovered peptide, is highly expressed in adult kidneys and the endothelium system. It has been identified as a novel endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APJ). This study aims to investigate the role of ELA in diabetic glomerular endothelial pyroptosis and its underlying mechanism.

SIFIAE: An adaptive emotion recognition model with EEG feature-label inconsistency consideration.

Background: A common but easily overlooked affective overlap problem has not been received enough attention in electroencephalogram (EEG)-based emotion recognition research. In real life, affective overlap refers to the current emotional state of human being is sometimes influenced easily by his/her historical mood. In stimulus-evoked EEG collection experiment, due to the short rest interval in consecutive trials, the inner mechanisms of neural responses make subjects cannot switch their emotion state easily and quickly, which might lead to the affective overlap.

Semi-supervised regression with adaptive graph learning for EEG-based emotion recognition.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are widely used in the field of emotion recognition since it is resistant to camouflage and contains abundant physiological information. However, EEG signals are non-stationary and have low signal-noise-ratio, making it more difficult to decode in comparison with data modalities such as facial expression and text. In this paper, we propose a model termed semi-supervised regression with adaptive graph learning (SRAGL) for cross-session EEG emotion recognition, which has two merits.

2-DG Re-Normalized IFN-γ Production in T Cells Excluding T Cells from Patients with Aplastic Anemia.

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a T cell immune mediated autoimmune disease in which cytokines, particularly IFN-γ are pathogenesis factors. Glucose metabolism is closely related to effector functions of activated T cells, such as IFN-γ production. The characteristics of glucose metabolism and whether interfering with glucose metabolism could affect T cells produce IFN-γ ability in AA patients remains unknown.

Specific TCR profiles predict clinical outcome of adjuvant EGFR-TKIs for resected EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: ADJUVANT-CTONG1104 reported a favorable survival outcome from adjuvant gefitinib treatment over chemotherapy in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, heterogeneous benefit from EGFR-TKIs and chemotherapy demands further biomarker exploration for patient selection. Previously, we identified certain TCR sequences with predictive value for adjuvant therapies from the CTONG1104 trial and found a relationship between the TCR repertoire and genetic variations.

Efficacy of acupuncture for cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cerebral resuscitation is one of the main therapeutic aims in the treatment of cardiac arrest (CA) patients who experience a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). However, the therapeutic effects of current treatments are not ideal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of neurological function of acupuncture combined with conventional cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitationthe (CPCR) for patients after ROSC.