Discovery of cysteine-targeting covalent histone methyltransferase inhibitors.

Post-translational methylation of histone lysine or arginine residues by histone methyltransferases (HMTs) plays crucial roles in gene regulation and diverse physiological processes and is implicated in a plethora of human diseases, especially cancer. Therefore, histone methyltransferases have been increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic targets. Consequently, the discovery and development of histone methyltransferase inhibitors have been pursued with steadily increasing interest over the past decade.

Interface engineering of FeP@CoMnP heterostructured nanoarrays for efficient and stable overall water splitting.

Electrocatalytic water splitting to generate high-quality hydrogen is an attractive renewable energy storage technology; however, it is still far from becoming a real-world application. In this study, we developed an effective and stable nickel foam-supported FeP@CoMnP heterostructure electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. As expected, the as-obtained FeP@CoMnP/NF electrocatalyst exhibits superb bifunctional catalytic activity and only requires extremely low overpotentials of 53 and 249 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, respectively.

Nuclear localization of mitochondrial TCA cycle enzymes modulates pluripotency via histone acetylation.

Pluripotent stem cells hold great promise in regenerative medicine and developmental biology studies. Mitochondrial metabolites, including tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, have been reported to play critical roles in pluripotency. Here we show that TCA cycle enzymes including Pdha1, Pcb, Aco2, Cs, Idh3a, Ogdh, Sdha and Mdh2 are translocated to the nucleus during somatic cell reprogramming, primed-to-naive transition and totipotency acquisition.

Super-resolution image display using diffractive decoders.

High-resolution image projection over a large field of view (FOV) is hindered by the restricted space-bandwidth product (SBP) of wavefront modulators. We report a deep learning-enabled diffractive display based on a jointly trained pair of an electronic encoder and a diffractive decoder to synthesize/project super-resolved images using low-resolution wavefront modulators. The digital encoder rapidly preprocesses the high-resolution images so that their spatial information is encoded into low-resolution patterns, projected via a low SBP wavefront modulator.

Quaternary ammonium compounds promoted anoxic sludge granulation and altered propagation risk of intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes.

Surfactants could influence sludge morphology and disinfectants were linked to antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Thus, the response of activated sludge and ARGs to long-term quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) exposure required further investigation, which is a popular surfactant and disinfectant. Here, three sequencing batch reactors were fed with 5 mg/L most frequently detected QACs (dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (ATMAC C12), dodecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (BAC C12) and didodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC C12)) for 180 d.

Macromolecular bridging-enhanced holey graphene oxide-based film and its humidity deformation response.

The interaction of water molecules with graphene oxide (GO) at the interface or surface will lead to the reversible deformation response of GO-based materials. However, the fabrication of structurally stable and highly sensitive GO-based humidity-responsive films remains a challenge. Since the stability and sensitivity of GO-based humidity-responsive devices are significantly limited by the deformation differences between different components.

Antidepressant Active Components of Bupleurum chinense DC-Paeonia lactiflora Pall Herb Pair: Pharmacological Mechanisms.

Depression is a serious psychological disorder with a rapidly increasing incidence in recent years. Clinically, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the main therapy. These drugs, have serious adverse reactions, however.

Anxiolytic effect of YangshenDingzhi granules: Integrated network pharmacology and hippocampal metabolomics.

Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental diseases. It is mainly characterized by a sudden, recurring but indescribable panic, fear, tension and/or anxiety. Yangshendingzhi granules (YSDZ) are widely used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, but its active ingredients and underlying mechanisms are not yet clear.

Semantic Terrain Segmentation in the Navigation Vision of Planetary Rovers-A Systematic Literature Review.

: The planetary rover is an essential platform for planetary exploration. Visual semantic segmentation is significant in the localization, perception, and path planning of the rover autonomy. Recent advances in computer vision and artificial intelligence brought about new opportunities.

Photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) via surface modified g-CN by acid-base regulation.

Cr(VI) is a class of highly toxic heavy metals. In this study, alkali-modified g-CN (cOH-CN) and acid-modified g-CN (cH-CN) materials were successfully synthesized, and their photocatalytic activities for Cr(VI) reduction under visible light irradiation were tested. Owing to defect structures by cH-CN and -OH group introduction by cOH-CN, the modified materials exhibited a larger surface area, more abundant pore structures, a wider visible light absorption range, higher energy gap values, and a stronger capacity for electron-hole pair separation.

Cadmium impairs the development of natural killer cells and bidirectionally modifies their capacity for cytotoxicity.

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal in the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Cd on natural killer (NK) cells. C57BL/6 mice were treated with 10 ppm Cd via drinking water for 3 months, and the development of NK cells in the bone marrow (BM) and the cytotoxicity of mature NK (mNK) cells in the peripheral immune organs were evaluated thereafter; the impact of Cd on the cytotoxicity of mNK cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was also investigated.

Crossover from Ising- to Rashba-type superconductivity in epitaxial BiSe/monolayer NbSe heterostructures.

A topological insulator (TI) interfaced with an s-wave superconductor has been predicted to host topological superconductivity. Although the growth of epitaxial TI films on s-wave superconductors has been achieved by molecular-beam epitaxy, it remains an outstanding challenge for synthesizing atomically thin TI/superconductor heterostructures, which are critical for engineering the topological superconducting phase. Here we used molecular-beam epitaxy to grow BiSe films with a controlled thickness on monolayer NbSe and performed in situ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ex situ magnetotransport measurements on these heterostructures.

EEG/fNIRS Based Workload Classification Using Functional Brain Connectivity and Machine Learning.

There is high demand for techniques to estimate human mental workload during some activities for productivity enhancement or accident prevention. Most studies focus on a single physiological sensing modality and use univariate methods to analyse multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) data. This paper proposes a new framework that relies on the features of hybrid EEG-functional near-infrared spectroscopy (EEG-fNIRS), supported by machine-learning features to deal with multi-level mental workload classification.

Different acesulfame potassium fate and antibiotic resistance propagation pattern in nitrifying and denitrifying sludge systems.

Acesulfame potassium (ACE-K) is a widely utilized sugar substitute with increasing demand, which is frequently detected in various environmental matrix due to recalcitrance. However, a general consensus on the contribution of nitrifying and denitrifying process to ACE-K removal is lacking. Therefore, ACE-K removal, its effects on antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) propagation and microbial community in nitrifying sequencing batch reactor (N-SBR) and denitrifying sequencing batch reactor (D-SBR) inoculated with the identical activated sludge were investigated.

Single-cell genome sequencing of human neurons identifies somatic point mutation and indel enrichment in regulatory elements.

Accurate somatic mutation detection from single-cell DNA sequencing is challenging due to amplification-related artifacts. To reduce this artifact burden, an improved amplification technique, primary template-directed amplification (PTA), was recently introduced. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing data from 52 PTA-amplified single neurons using SCAN2, a new genotyper we developed to leverage mutation signatures and allele balance in identifying somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and small insertions and deletions (indels) in PTA data.

Prognostic value of plasma adipokine chemerin in patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: Adipokine chemerin was proven to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), but its prognostic implications in CAD remain unclear.

Methods: This study consists of two parts, one is a basic study and the other is a clinical cohort study. First, we investigated the differential expression of six adipokines in the atherosclerotic mice model compared to mice with milder degrees of atherosclerosis and mice without atherosclerosis using microarray data.

Partial S(0)-driven autotrophic denitrification process facilitated the quick natural enrichment of anammox bacteria at room temperature.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is well-known to be an environmental and promising biotechnology. However, the natural enrichment of anammox bacteria is still a challenging topic. In this study, partial S(0)-driven autotrophic denitrification (PSAD) was developed to stably supply nitrite, and natural enrichment of anammox bacteria was rapidly realized in a single sequencing moving bed biofilm reactor at room temperature.

Stretchable and Self-Powered Temperature-Pressure Dual Sensing Ionic Skins Based on Thermogalvanic Hydrogels.

Tactile sensors with both temperature- and pressure-responsive capabilities are critical to enabling future smart artificial intelligence. These sensors can mimic haptic functions of human skin and inevitably suffer from tensile deformation during operation. However, almost all actual multifunctional tactile sensors are either nonstretchable or the sensing signals interfere with each other when stretched.

Comparative Analysis of the Phenolic Profile of L. Fruits from Different Regions in China.

L. (LB) fruits have high nutritive values and therapeutic effects. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the differences in phenolic composition of LB fruits from different geographical regions.

The impact of body composition and fat distribution on blood pressure in young and middle-aged adults.

Background: The relative contributions of each component of body composition to blood pressure (BP) remain unclear.

Objective: We aimed to comprehensively investigate the impact of body composition and fat distribution on BP and quantify their relative contributions to BP in a large cohort with young and middle-aged adults.

Methods: 14,412 participants with available data on whole-body DXA measurement from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included.

Unraveling the impact and mechanism of antipyretic paracetamol on intergenera conjugative plasmid transfer.

Antimicrobial resistance has been considered as a great threat to biosecurity and human health. And the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by conjugated plasmid is a key factor in the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. Paracetamol (PRC), one of nonopioid analgesics, is an extensively used antipyretic and mild analgesic worldwide available for numerous prescriptions.

Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain predicts short-term prognosis in pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Introduction: To study cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain (CSF-NfL) levels as a prognostic biomarker in pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).

Methods: Prospective study enrolling 26 pediatric GBS patients and 48 healthy controls (HCs) from neurology units between 2017 to 2021. The CSF-NfL levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Diffractive interconnects: all-optical permutation operation using diffractive networks.

Permutation matrices form an important computational building block frequently used in various fields including, e.g., communications, information security, and data processing.

Lead suppresses interferon γ to induce splenomegaly via modification on splenic endothelial cells and lymphoid tissue organizer cells in mice.

Splenomegaly is a symptom characterized by the presence of an enlarged spleen. The impact of environmental factors on splenomegaly is largely unknown. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were treated with 125 ppm or 1250 ppm lead (Pb) via drinking water for 8 wk, and the process of splenomegaly was evaluated.

Binding characteristics of calpastatin domain L to Na1.5 sodium channel and its IQ motif mutants.

Na1.5 channel is an integral membrane protein involved in the initiation and conduction of action potentials. IQ motif is located in the C-terminal domain of Na1.