Mechanism of Yinxu Weitong Capsule in the treatment of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Yinxu Weitong Capsule (YXWTC) is a Chinese patent medicine used to treat chronic gastritis. However, its efficacy and mechanisms of action in treating precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) remain unclear.

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the effects of YXWTC on PLGC and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles regulate PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy to repair high glucose-induced dermal fibroblast senescence and promote wound healing in rats with diabetic foot ulcer.

Aims: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) cause prominent morbidity and mortality. Adipose mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) show property in facilitating diabetic wound healing, and we explored their role in DFU rats.

Methods: ASCs were cultured in vitro, passaged and then identified by flow cytometry and induction of osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation.

Downregulation of interleukin 11 regulates the transforming growth factor-β/ERK1/2 signaling pathway to inhibit articular capsule fibrosis and alleviate post-traumatic articular capsule contracture.

Background: Post-traumatic capsular contracture is a common complication of joint injury and surgery. Post-traumatic capsular contracture is associated with fibrosis characterized by excessive differentiation and proliferation of myofibroblasts and abnormal secretion and accumulation of extracellular matrix. Previous studies have suggested that interleukin 11 (IL11) plays a role in myocardial fibrosis.

Exploration of Berberine Against Ulcerative Colitis via TLR4/NF-κB/HIF-1α Pathway by Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation.

Purpose: This study aimed to delineate the molecular processes underlying the therapeutic effects of berberine on UC by employing network pharmacology tactics, molecular docking, and dynamic simulations supported by empirical validations both in vivo and in vitro.

Patients And Methods: We systematically screened potential targets and relevant pathways affected by berberine for UC treatment from comprehensive databases, including GeneCards, DisGeNET, and GEO. Molecular docking and simulation protocols were used to assess the interaction stability between berberine and its principal targets.

Entropy Changes in Water Networks Promote Protein Denaturation.

For over a century, an explanation for how concentrated ions denature proteins has proven elusive. Here, we report a novel mechanism of protein denaturation driven by entropy changes in water networks. Experiments and simulations show that ion pairs like LiBr and LiCl localize water molecules and disrupt the water network's structure, while others exert a more global effect without compromising network integrity.

The association between indoor air pollution from solid fuels and cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study aimed to comprehensively and methodically evaluate the correlation between cognitive impairment and indoor air pollution from solid fuel used for cooking/heating. PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to December January 2023. 13 studies from three countries with a total of 277,001 participants were enrolled.

[Binocular loupe assisted mini-lateral and medial incisions in lateral position for release of elbow stiffness].

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of binocular loupe assisted mini-lateral and medial incisions in lateral position for the release of elbow stiffness.

Methods: The clinical data of 16 patients with elbow stiffness treated with binocular loupe assisted mini-internal and external incisions in lateral position release between January 2021 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 9 males and 7 females, aged from 19 to 57 years, with a median age of 33.

C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5): A Potential Biomarker and Immunotherapy Target for Osteosarcoma.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone tissue, which has an insidious onset and is difficult to detect early, and few early diagnostic markers with high specificity and sensitivity. Therefore, this study aims to identify potential biomarkers that can help diagnose OS in its early stages and improve the prognosis of patients.

Methods: The data sets of GSE12789, GSE28424, GSE33382 and GSE36001 were combined and normalized to identify Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs).

Different therapies of Chinese herbal medicine for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: A network meta-analysis of double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Shuganjianpi Therapy (SGJP), Jianpi Therapy (JP), Shugan Therapy (SG), Jianpiwenshen Therapy (JPWS), and Shuganjianpiwenshen Therapy (SGJPWS), consisting of formulas from Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), have been tremendously applied to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, it remains uncertain when exploring the preferable option among different CHM therapies for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D).

Aim Of The Study: To compare and rank the efficacy and safety of different CHM therapies for IBS-D.

Is the traction table necessary to treat femoral fractures with intramedullary nailing? A meta-analysis.

Background: The traction table is generally used in femoral intramedullary nailing surgery. Recently, some published studies have shown that the same or better treatment effects can be gotten without a traction table. It remains no consensus on this issue.

Development and validation of machine learning models for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) had become the most prevalent liver disease worldwide. Early diagnosis could effectively reduce NAFLD-related morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to combine the risk factors to develop and validate a novel model for predicting NAFLD.

Supramolecular salicylic acid ameliorates rosacea-like eruptions by suppressing NLRP3-mediated inflammasome activation in mice.

Background: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with immunological dysfunction. Supramolecular salicylic acid (SSA) has the properties of keratolytic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. However, the mechanism of SSA in the treatment of rosacea is still unclear.

Efficacy and safety of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for ≤20 mm superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs) as a rare disease have gradually increased in recent years. Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) has emerged as a newly available option for the endoscopic resection of SNADETs. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of UEMR for ≤20 mm SNADETs.

Mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction in the treatment of colorectal cancer based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sijunzi Decoction（SJZD）, as a famous classical prescription for the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC) in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has achieved good curative effects in clinical practice. However, its specific ingredients and molecular mechanisms is still unclear.

Aim Of The Study: To analyze the effective ingredients and molecular mechanisms of SJZD in the treatment of CRC through network pharmacology technology and experimental validation.

Pam2 lipopeptides enhance the immunosuppressive activity of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells by STAT3 signal in chronic inflammation.

Chronic inflammation develops when the immune system is unable to clear a persistent insult. Unresolved chronic inflammation leads to immunosuppression to maintain the internal homeostatic conditions, which is mediated primarily by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2) has an important role in chronic inflammation and can be activated by a vast number and diversity of TLR2 ligands, for example Pam2CSK4.

Sialic Acid as a Suitable Marker of Clinical Disease Activity in Patients with Crohn's Disease.

Objective: Elevated serum levels of sialic acid (SA) have been verified in patients with various inflammatory conditions. The association between the Crohn's disease (CD) activity and serum SA has been insufficiently studied.

Materials And Methods: Serum SA concentrations were determined using an enzymatic colorimetric assay method, and the correlation of SA with the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) and other inflammation activity markers was evaluated using the Spearman correlation.

Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationships of Novel Tetrahydroisoquinolino Benzodiazepine Dimer Antitumor Agents and Their Application in Antibody-Drug Conjugates.

A series of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based benzodiazepine dimers were synthesized and tested for in vitro cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines. Structure-activity relationship investigation of various spacers guided by molecular modeling studies helped to identify compounds with picomolar activity. Payload was conjugated to anti-mesothelin and anti-fucosylated monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (FucGM1) antibodies using lysosome-cleavable valine-citrulline dipeptide linkers via heterogeneous lysine conjugation and bacterial transglutaminase-mediated site-specific conjugation.

Evaluation of Architect anti-HCV Signal to Cutoff Ratios for Predicting Hepatitis C Viremia Using COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV Quantitative Test.

Background: The aim of the study is to evaluate the significance of the Architect anti-HCV signal to cutoff (S/CO) ratios for predicting hepatitis C viremia and determine the optimal S/Co ratio value for Architect anti-HCV assay.

Methods: The results of patients who underwent HCV RNA quantitative assays because of positive anti-HCV from January 2015 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including S/Co ratio values, HCV RNA quantitative results, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) values. Binary logistic regression and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used to analyze the collected data.

Performance evaluation of the DAAN HCV assay for quantification of hepatitis C virus RNA and its comparison with COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV Quantitative Test, v2.0.

Background: The Daan HCV RNA quantitative assay was a recently developed kit with high sensitivity for the detection of HCV RNA. We aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the Daan HCV RNA quantitative assay and compare it with the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV Quantitative Test, v2.0.

Clinical performance of non-invasive prenatal testing for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancies: A cohort study and a systematic meta-analysis.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to report on the clinical performance of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancies and to define the performance of NIPT by combining our cohort study results with published studies in a systematic meta-analysis.

Material And Methods: A cohort study was carried out in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and Kanghua Hospital. Meanwhile, searches of PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science for all relevant peer-reviewed articles were performed with a restriction to English language publication before 15 June 2019.

Ionic Highways from Covalent Assembly in Highly Conducting and Stable Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

A major challenge in the development of anion exchange membranes for fuel cells is the design and synthesis of highly stable (chemically and mechanically) conducting membranes. Membranes that can endure highly alkaline environments while rapidly transporting hydroxides are desired. Herein, we present a design using cross-linked polymer membranes containing along charge-delocalized pyrazolium cations and homoconjugated triptycenes.