Chloroplast ATP synthase restricts photosynthesis under fluctuating light in tomato but not in maize.

Photosynthesis in fluctuating light requires coordinated adjustments of diffusion conductance and biochemical capacity, but the role of chloroplast ATP synthase activity (g) in dynamic photosynthesis is not well understood. In this study, we measured gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and electrochromic shift signals in fluctuating light for leaves of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and maize (Zea mays). During the transition from sun to shade, simultaneous increases in g, effective quantum yield of PSII, and net CO assimilation rate (A) occurred in tomato but uncoupled in maize, indicating that g  limited A during the sun-to-shade transition in tomato but not in maize.

Management and Prognosis of Snake Envenomation Among Pediatric Patients: A National Database Study.

Background: Snakebites constitute a common medical emergency in tropical and subtropical regions. Pediatric snake envenomation is a special category that has not been well studied. This study investigated the management and prognostic factors of snake envenomation in children using a Taiwanese national database.

Engineered Bifunctional Luminescent Pillared-Layer Frameworks for Adsorption of CO and Sensitive Detection of Nitrobenzene in Aqueous Media.

Through a dual-ligand synthetic approach, five isoreticular primitive cubic (pcu)-type pillared-layer metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), [Zn (dicarboxylate) (NI-bpy-44)]⋅x DMF⋅y H O, in which dicarboxylate=1,4-bdc (1), Br-1,4-bdc (2), NH -1,4-bdc (3), 2,6-ndc (4), and bpdc (5), have been engineered. MOFs 1-5 feature twofold degrees of interpenetration and have open pores of 27.0, 33.

MSC-derived exosomal miR-34a/c-5p and miR-29b-3p improve intestinal barrier function by targeting the Snail/Claudins signaling pathway.

Aims: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSCs-exos) regulate biological functions in different diseases, such as liver fibrosis, diabetes, and ischaemic heart injury. However, the function of MSC-derived exosomes on the intestinal barrier and the underlying mechanisms are poorly characterized.

Main Methods: The expression of miR-34a/c-5p, miR-29b-3p and Claudin-3 in human normal intestinal tissues and damaged intestinal tissues was evaluated by RT-qPCR.

A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for the Formation of de novo Intracranial Aneurysms.

Background: Understanding the risk factors for the formation of de novo intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is important for patients who have ever suffered a cerebral aneurysm.

Objective: To estimate the risk factors for the development of a de novo IA to identify which patients need more aggressive surveillance after aneurysm treatment.

Methods: We followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines and searched the PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, and LILACS databases using the key words cerebral aneurysms, de novo, IAs, risk factors combined using and/or.

Development of a SYBR green-based real-time quantitative PCR assay to detect PCV3 in pigs.

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) has been reported in cases of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, reproductive failure, cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation. A SYBR green-based real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was established in this study to detect PCV3 in 203 clinical samples from suckling piglets affected by congenital tremors in China. The limit of detection (LOD) of PCV3 was 1.

Radix puerariae extracts ameliorate paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating follistatin-like 1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2p45-related factor-2 signalling pathways through downregulation of miRNA-21 expression.

Background: Puerarin, extracted from Radix puerariae, was reported to ameliorate airway inflammation, lung injury and lung fibrosis induced by paraquat (PQ) in mice. However, effects of Radix puerariae extracts (RPEs) on lung fibrosis or signalling pathways in PQ-induced lung injury have not been well studied. Therefore, the goals of our study were to investigate whether Radix puerariae extracts are antifibrotic in a paraquat (PQ) induced lung fibrosis model in mice and to propose possible mechanisms of action of the RPE effects.

Extradural transcavernous approach to cavernous sinus cavernous hemangiomas.

Objective: Cavernous sinus cavernous hemangioma (CSCH) is a rare extra-axial vascular lesion and is difficult to be removed due to their location, propensity for profuse bleeding during surgery, and relationship to complex neurovascular structures. The purpose of this study is to report our experience of the removal of CSCHs through a completely extradural transcavernous approach.

Methods: Twelve patients with CSCH, who were operated through a purely extradural approach, were retrospectively studied.

Supracondylar transjugular tubercle approach to intradural lesions anterior or anterolateral to the craniocervical junction without resection of the occipital condyle.

Aim: To clarify the usefulness of supracondylar transjugular tubercle approach for treatment intradural lesions anterior and anterolateral to foramen magnum, in which the posterior portion of the jugular tubercle is removed extradurally through the condylar fossa with the atlanto-occipital joint intact.

Material And Methods: The supracondylar transjugular tubercle approach was applied to 28 craniocervical junction surgeries. These surgeries included clipping a vertebral artery aneurysm in 12 cases and removing intradural tumors ventral and ventrolateral to foramen magnum in 16 cases.

[Surgical management of petroclival meningiomas invading into cavernous sinus].

Objective: To analyze the clinical features, surgical strategy and management outcomes of petroclival meningioma invading into cavernous sinus.

Methods: Fifteen cases with petroclival meningioma invading into cavernous sinus were retrospectively analyzed. The presigmoidal approach was selected to remove tumors.