Nomogram to predict gas-related complications during transoral endoscopic resection of upper gastrointestinal submucosal lesions.

Background: Gas-related complications present a potential risk during transoral endoscopic resection of upper gastrointestinal submucosal lesions. Therefore, the identification of risk factors associated with these complications is essential.

Aim: To develop a nomogram to predict risk of gas-related complications following transoral endoscopic resection of the upper gastrointestinal submucosal lesions.

Biotransformation of sulfamonomethoxine in a granular sludge system: Pathways and mechanisms.

The biotransformation of sulfamonomethoxine (SMM) was studied in an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system to understand the role of sorption by microbial cells and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and the role of functional microbe/enzyme biodegradation. Biodegradation played a more important role than adsorption, while microbial cells covered with tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) showed higher adsorption capacity than microbial cells themselves or microbial cells covered with both loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) and TB-EPS. The binding tests between EPS and SMM and the spectroscopic analyses (3D-EEM, UV-Vis, and FTIR) were performed to obtain more information about the adsorption process.

Activation of the Nrf2-ARE signal pathway after blast induced traumatic brain injury in mice.

Treatment of blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) has been hindered. Previous studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress may contribute to the pathophysiological process. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway exhibits a protective effect after traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Constriction and dysfunction of pial arterioles after regional hemorrhage in the subarachnoid space.

Increasing evidence indicates that poor outcomes after brain hemorrhage, especially after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), can be attributed largely to dysfunction of the cerebral microcirculation. However, the cause of this dysfunction remains unclear. Here, we investigated changes in the cerebral microcirculation after regional hemorrhage in the subarachnoid space using the closed cranial window technique in mice.

Efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment versus intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background And Purpose: Although endovascular therapy (ET) is increasingly used in patients with moderate to severe acute ischemic stroke, its efficacy and safety remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis aiming to compare the benefits and safety of endovascular treatment and intravenous thrombolysis in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Science direct and Springer unitil July, 2013.

Intracisternal administration of SB203580, a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, attenuates cerebral vasospasm via inhibition of tumor-necrosis factor-α.

Tumor-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is critical to the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Hence, therapeutic strategies targeting TNF-α can attenuate cerebral vasospasm. This study investigated the effects of SB203580, a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor, on TNF-α concentration in the cerebral arteries and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after SAH and on subsequent cerebral vasospasm.

N-acetylcysteine suppresses oxidative stress in experimental rats with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The neuroprotective effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a sulfhydryl-containing antioxidant, on experimentally induced subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats was assessed. NAC was administered to rats after the induction of SAH. Neurological deficits and brain edema were investigated.

[A PC-based 3D stereoscopic medical visualization system].

In this paper, a low-cost PC-based, high-quality and interactive 3D stereoscopic medical visualization system is presented, which can be clinically used for diagnosis and surgical planning. The algorithms of direct volume rendering have been improved for realization with the programmable graphics hardware under PC environment. Local illumination, classification and non-polygonal iso-surface rendering are also incorporated into the system in appropriate consideration of both high-quality rendering and real-time interaction.