Itaconate and dimethyl itaconate upregulate IL-6 production in the LPS-induced inflammation in mice.

Itaconate is one of the most studied immunometabolites produced by myeloid cells during inflammatory response. It mediates a wide range of anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects and plays a role in a number of pathological states, including autoimmunity and cancer. Itaconate and its derivatives are considered potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

The immunometabolite itaconate stimulates OXGR1 to promote mucociliary clearance during the pulmonary innate immune response.

Pathogens and inflammatory conditions rapidly induce the expression of immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1) in cells of myeloid lineage. IRG1 encodes an aconitate decarboxylase (ACOD1) that produces the immunomodulatory metabolite itaconate (ITA). In addition to rapid intracellular accumulation, ITA is also secreted from the cell, but whether secreted ITA functions as a signaling molecule is unclear.

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Synovial Fluid α-Defensin Lateral Flow Test in Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Meta-analysis.

Objectives: There is a controversy on the diagnostic reliability and accuracy of synovial fluid α-defensin in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the α-defensin lateral flow test in PJI.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched, and articles (up to January 2020) on the diagnosis of hip and knee PJIs using the α-defensin Synovasure lateral flow test were included.

[Advances on treatment of periprosthetic infection and antibiotic delivery system after total hip arthroplasty].

Periprosthetic infection after hip replacement is a clinical catastrophic disease, which often leads to the failure of the prosthesis. It needs the combination of systemic antibiotics to cure the infection, which brings huge burden to doctors and patients. There are strict indications for debridement and one-stage revision of the prosthesis, and few cases meet the requirements.

Tumor-derived neomorphic mutations in ASXL1 impairs the BAP1-ASXL1-FOXK1/K2 transcription network.

Additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1) interacts with BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) deubiquitinase to oppose the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1)-mediated histone H2A ubiquitylation. Germline BAP1 mutations are found in a spectrum of human malignancies, while ASXL1 mutations recurrently occur in myeloid neoplasm and are associated with poor prognosis. Nearly all ASXL1 mutations are heterozygous frameshift or nonsense mutations in the middle or to a less extent the C-terminal region, resulting in the production of C-terminally truncated mutant ASXL1 proteins.

Garlic extract in prosthesis-related infections: a literature review.

With the increasing use of joint replacement surgery, the prevalence of periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) has also increased. However, treating PJI has become a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons because of the prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and the formation of protective biofilms. Numerous studies have shown that garlic extract (GE) has antibacterial activities and might be a good candidate for PJI treatment.

[Procalcitonin as a sensitive index of chronic infection after artificial joint replacement:a retrospective analysis].

Objective: To study the predictive value of procalcitonin as a serum biomarker in diagnosis of late periprosthetic joint infection(PJI) for providing theoretical reference basis for diagnosis of PJI.

Methods: A total of 77 cases were retrospective included from January 2015 to December 2017 for revision of total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty, according to the diagnostic criteria of Musculoskeletal Infection Society(MISI). All cases were divided into infection group and non-infection group.

Does serum calcium relate to different types of hip fracture? A retrospective study.

Purpose: To investigate the potential correlation between two different types of hip fractures and serum calcium levels.

Methods: We consecutively studied 101 cases of femoral neck fracture and 95 cases of femoral inter- trochanteric fracture between January 2011 and December 2013. Fasting blood samples were taken and serum calcium measurements were performed respectively in three periods: the time of admission, postoperation, and discharge.

Vascularised greater trochanter bone graft, combined free iliac flap and impaction bone grafting for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Purpose: To investigate the curative efficacy of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in a hip-preserving operative approach, by grafting a vascularized greater trochanter flap combined with a free iliac flap, in an attempt to seek an innovative approach for patients who suffered middle to late stage ONFH without total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery.

Method: Our research included a total of 60 patients (66 hips) who accepted hip-preserving surgery by grafting a vascularized greater trochanter flap combined with a free iliac flap which was tightly filled by hammering because of ONFH (most were Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) stage III patients) from January, 2006 to December, 2010. A Harris Hip Score was obtained during follow-ups, evaluating the clinical efficacy, X-rays were taken regularly for image assessing, and the SF-36 scale was used for estimating quality of life.

[Experimental study of directional differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to osteoblasts guided by serum containing cistanche deserticola].

Objective: To study directional differentiation of BMSCs guided by Desert living Cistanche (Herba Cistanches) which invigorates the kidney.

Methods: Primary BMSCs were obtained by whole bone marrow culture and subcultured to the fourth generation by trypsin digestion, and than inoculated into two six-well plates at 5 x 10(6) cells per milliliter, all the plates were divided into three groups as blank group, Dexamethasone (DXM) group and Herba Cistanches group, three wells in each group, medium were changed at day 2. The blank group were changed with L-DMEM containing 10% FBS.

[Human osteoblast-like cells OS-732 intervened with alcohol and treated with liuweidihuang pill medicated serum].

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of osteonecrosis of the femoral head caused by alcohol and the therapeutic effects of the method of invigorating the kidney.

Methods: The osteoblast-like cells were intervened with 0.3, 0.