The efficacy of suprapatellar, parapatellar and infrapatellar intramedullary nailing in the treatment of tibial fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Tibial fractures are common and challenging orthopedic injuries that are commonly treated with intramedullary nailing techniques via suprapatellar (SP), parapatellar (PP), and infrapatellar (IP) approaches. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive comparative analysis of the efficacy of different treatment approaches based on clinical outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a detailed search in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science for clinical studies comparing suprapatellar, parapatellar, and infrapatellar approaches in intramedullary nailing of tibial fractures.

A pan-KRAS degrader for the treatment of KRAS-mutant cancers.

KRAS mutations are highly prevalent in a wide range of lethal cancers, and these mutant forms of KRAS play a crucial role in driving cancer progression and conferring resistance to treatment. While there have been advancements in the development of small molecules to target specific KRAS mutants, the presence of undruggable mutants and the emergence of secondary mutations continue to pose challenges in the clinical treatment of KRAS-mutant cancers. In this study, we developed a novel molecular tool called tumor-targeting KRAS degrader (TKD) that effectively targets a wide range of KRAS mutants.

The semi-extended infrapatellar intramedullary nailing of distal tibia fractures: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Malalignment is a common event during the intramedullary nailing (IMN) of distal tibia fractures (DTFs). Although it is reported that the semi-extended IMN techniques such as suprapatellar (SP) and parapatellar (PP) approaches may be superior in preventing malalignment, the application of these techniques is concerning owing to the intra-articular involvement. We thus developed an extra-articular semi-extended infrapatellar (SEIP) approach which utilizes the infrapatellar (IP) space while maintaining the knee in a semi-extended position.

Removing a suprapatellar intramedullary nail via a suprapatellar approach: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Over the last 20 years, suprapatellar (SP) intramedullary nailing has gained considerable attention for treating tibia fractures and is believed to improve fracture alignments, decrease anterior knee pain, and facilitate intraoperative fluoroscopy. However, it is associated with various concerns, including the need to make another infrapatellar (IP) incision to remove the nail.

Aims: This study was aimed at developing a new technique for the removal of SP tibial nails through an SP approach using a cannulated extraction system.

Development a multi-immunoaffinity column LC-MS-MS method for comprehensive investigation of mycotoxins contamination and co-occurrence in traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

Mycotoxins are poisonous secondary fungal toxic metabolites and harmful to human health. Traditional Chinese medicinal materials (TCMs), including more than two hundred functional foods, are vulnerably bred fungi, causing spoilage and multi-mycotoxins contamination. This study established a simultaneous analytical method by using multi-mycotoxins immunoaffinity column (multi-IAC) and HPLC-MS/MS to evaluate mycotoxins' contamination levels and natural incidence in TCMs.

Semi-extended intramedullary nailing of the tibia using an infrapatellar approach: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The semi-extended tibial intramedullary nailing method would enable easier and improved reductions for tibial fractures as well as facilitate fluoroscopic imaging; however, its in-articular nature remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of the semi-extended infrapatellar (SEIP) approach and hyper-flexed infrapatellar (HFIP) approach for intramedullary nailing to treat tibial shaft fractures.

Methods: This study involved the retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with tibial shaft fractures that were fixed through either the SEIP approach or the HFIP approach of intramedullary nailing and who were admitted to a level 1 trauma centre.

Comparison between infrapatellar and suprapatellar approaches for intramedullary nailing for the fractures of the tibial shaft.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the outcomes at the clinical and functional levels of suprapatellar (SP) and infrapatellar (IP) approaches for intramedullary nailing in treating tibial shaft fracture.

Methods: Patients who underwent tibial shaft fracture intramedullary nailing by the SP approach or IP approach in a trauma center were retrospectively reviewed. The demographics, intraoperative fluoroscopy time, operation time, blood loss, irrigation volume, postoperative X-ray alignment, and complications of patients were compared between the two groups under different approaches.

A comparison of the use of a suprapatellar Chinese Aircraft-shaped Sleeve System versus suprapatellar intramedullary nailing for tibial shaft fractures: Outcomes over a one-year follow-up.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of the Chinese Aircraft-shaped Sleeve (CASS) system on the clinical outcomes of tibial intermedullary nailing using a suprapatellar approach for the treatment of tibial fractures in a cohort of adult Chinese patients over a minimum one-year follow-up.

Methods: After institutional review board approval, skeletally mature patients with Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) type 42 tibial shaft fractures were randomized into either a SP approach using CASS group or a conventional SP approach group after informed consent was obtained. The operations were performed by a single senior orthopaedic surgeon according to group assignments.

Involvement of the Hippo pathway in regeneration and fibrogenesis after ischaemic acute kidney injury: YAP is the key effector.

Renal tubule cells can recover after they undergo AKI (acute kidney injury). An incomplete repair of renal tubules can result in progressive fibrotic CKD (chronic kidney disease). Studies have revealed the relationship between tubular epithelial cells and kidney fibrogenesis.

Betel-quid dependence and oral potentially malignant disorders in six Asian countries.

Background: Despite gradual understanding of the multidimensional health consequences of betel-quid chewing, information on the effects of dependent use is scant.

Aims: To investigate the 12-month prevalence patterns of betel-quid dependence in six Asian populations and the impact of this dependence on oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD).

Method: A multistage random sample of 8922 participants was recruited from Taiwan, mainland China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Nepal.

Betel-quid and oral submucous fibrosis: a cross-sectional study in Hunan province, China.

Background: The development of betel-quid (BQ) processing industry in Hunan has increased the usage of this substance and may produce significant health consequences. However, the update data for the prevalence of BQ chewing and its effect on oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) are limited.

Methods: A population-based survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of BQ chewing and OSF in Hunan.

(3R,6R,12R,20S,24R)-20,24-Ep-oxy-dammarane-3,6,12,25-tetra-ol.

In the title compound, C(30)H(52)O(5), the three six-membered rings are in chair conformations, the five-membered ring is in an envelope form and the tetra-hydro-furan ring has a conformation inter-mediate between half-chair and sofa. Intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds may influence the conformation of the mol-ecule. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.

[Epidemiological study of betel nut chewing among elementary and middle school students in Loudi city, Hunan province].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of betel nut chewing and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) among elementary and middle school students in Loudi city, Hunan province.

Methods: According to the standard of the third national oral health epidemiological investigation, the subjects were selected through a two-stage random sampling procedure. A face to face questionnaire survey was conducted among students by random sampling from 6 schools, and oral examination was performed to find the prevalence of OSF.

Arecoline and oral keratinocytes may affect the collagen metabolism of fibroblasts.

Background: The characteristic of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is related with the disturbance of synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix. Arecoline, the areca nut (betel nut) component of betel quid, plays a major role in pathogenesis of OSF. But the exact mechanism how arecoline influences the collagen metabolism is unclear.

[Effect of arecoline on the differentiation of myofibroblasts of oral mucosa].

Objective: To investigate the origin of myofibroblasts in oral submucous fibrosis.

Methods: The oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts were isolated and cultured. The expression of the alpha-smooth muscle actin in the fibroblasts was examined by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

[Effects of arecoline and nicotine on the expression of hTERT in oral keratinocytes].

Objective: To investigate the effects of arecoline and nicotine on the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA and protein in cultured normal human oral keratinocytes (KC).

Methods: The experiments were divided into arecoline group, arecoline/nicotine group and control group. The hTERT mRNA and protein expression of KC was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot.

[Clinical study on the relationship between tooth abrasion and the habits of chewing betel nut].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between tooth abrasion and long-term chewing betel nut.

Methods: The time, frequency, clinical features of occlusal abrasion, and results of pantomography were studied in 64 patients with the habits of chewing betel nut.

Results: The occlusal surfaces of all patients had abrasion from mild to severe.