Clinical guideline on magnetically controlled capsule gastroscopy (2021 edition).

With the development and generalization of endoscopic technology and screening, clinical application of magnetically controlled capsule gastroscopy (MCCG) has been increasing. In recent years, various types of MCCG are used globally. Therefore, establishing relevant guidelines on MCCG is of great significance.

Infliximab trough level combined with inflammatory biomarkers predict long-term endoscopic outcomes in Crohn's disease under infliximab therapy.

Background: Infliximab trough level (ITL) severely affects therapeutic outcomes of Crohn's disease (CD) patients under infliximab (IFX). Recently, frontier research has focused on identifying ITL based on different therapeutic targets. Although previous studies have elaborated clinical value of ITL monitoring on short-term outcomes in CD patients during therapy, studies contraposing the predictive value of ITL on long-term endoscopic outcomes in CD patients are still scarce domestically and overseas.

CD8-positive indolent T-Cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract (ITLPD-GI), a primary tumor forming in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, represents a rarely diagnosed clonal T-cell disease with a protracted clinical course.

Case Summary: This report presented a 45-year-old male patient with a 6-year history of anal fistula and a more than 10-year history of recurrent diarrhea who was not correctly diagnosed until the occurrence of complications such as intestinal perforation. Postsurgical histopathological analysis, combined with hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry and TCRβ/γ clonal gene rearrangement test, confirmed the diagnosis of CD8+ ITLPD-GI.

Efficacy and safety of vibrating capsule for functional constipation (VICONS): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.

Background: Functional constipation (FC) is an intractable disease that carries large financial burden as well as emotional and physical stress. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the newly developed smartphone-controlled vibrating capsule (VC) in patients with FC.

Methods: From December 2018 to February 2020, we did a multicenter, blinded, placebo-controlled randomised trial in six top general hospitals in China focusing on patients aged 18 to 80 with FC.

Clinical Value of Fecal Calprotectin in Predicting Mucosal Healing in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of fecal calprotectin (FC) in assessment of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients' endoscopic patterns and clinical manifestation. A total of 143 UC patients who received colonoscopy and 108 controls were included. After providing stool samples, patients underwent total colonoscopy.

Fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern China.

Background: Fatigue is a very common but relatively neglected problem in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The prevalence rate of IBD in China is the highest in Asia, but there is little research on fatigue in patients with IBD. Neither the relationship between fatigue and quality of life (QoL) nor the relationship between fatigue and work productivity (WP) in Chinese IBD patients has been reported.

Insufficient awareness and vaccination practices for inflammatory bowel disease patients in China: A multi-center survey of Chinese gastroenterologists.

Objective: The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing worldwide, and the risk of infection has increased due to the use of immunosuppressive and biologic medications. Some of these infections can be prevented with vaccinations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vaccination practices of Chinese gastroenterologists for patients with IBD.

Nested case-control study on risk factors for opportunistic infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: When opportunistic infections occur, patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly display a significantly increased rate of morbidity and mortality. With increasing use of immunosuppressive agents and biological agents, opportunistic infections are becoming a hot topic in the perspective of drug safety in IBD patients. Despite the well-established role of opportunistic infections in the prognosis of IBD patients, there are few epidemiological data investigating the incidence of opportunis-tic infections in IBD patients in China.

Mucosa repair mechanisms of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang mediated by CRH-R2 in murine, dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis.

Aim: To explore the significance of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-receptor (R)2 in mucosal healing of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and the effect of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang (TXYF) on CRH-R2 expression and regulation.

Methods: Ulcerative colitis was induced in mice by administration of 3% (w/v) DSS for 7 d. Once the model was established, mice were administered urocortin-2 (30 μg/kg), a peptide which binds exclusively to CRH-R2, or various doses of aqueous TXYF extracts (2.

Novel Anterior Brainstem Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) is found in around 4% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The most common radiological finding of LC is diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement on contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Herein, we report a novel brain MRI finding-non-enhanced, band-like, symmetric restricted diffusion along the anterior surface of the brainstem-of LC in four patients with NSCLC.

Brain changes detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in patients with Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, non-specific granulomatous inflammatory disorder that commonly affects the small intestine and is a phenotype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). CD is prone to relapse, and its incidence displays a persistent increase in developing countries. However, the pathogenesis of CD is poorly understood, with some studies emphasizing the link between CD and the intestinal microbiota.

Case report of primary splenic angiosarcoma with hepatic metastases.

Primary splenic angiosarcoma (PSA) is the most unusual type of malignancy with early multifocal metastasis through hematogenous spread. PSA is generally believed to originate from splenic sinusoidal vascular endothelium with a high rate of metastasis and to have a poor prognosis. Its etiology and pathogenetic mechanisms have not yet been clearly described.

Mechanism of aqueous fructus aurantii immaturus extracts in neuroplexus of cathartic colons.

Aim: To examine the effect of aqueous fructus aurantii immaturus (FAI) extracts on the intestinal plexus of cathartic colons.

Methods: Cathartic colons were induced in rats with dahuang, a laxative used in traditional Chinese medicine. Once the model was established (after approximately 12 wk), rats were administered mosapride (1.

[Effects of electroacupuncture on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and its mechanism].

Objective: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) and Jianshi (PC 5) com- bined with granisetron on nausea and vomiting as well as serum levels of 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) in chemotherapy patients.

Methods: Seventy-two chemotherapy patients who met the inclusive criteria were randomly divided into an observation group (38 cases) and a control group (34 cases). The patients in the observation group were treated with electroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) and Jianshi (PC 5) combined with granisetron injection; the patients in the control group were treated with electroacupuncture at sham-point 1 and sham- point 2, and the rest treatment was identical to the observation group.

Effects and mechanisms of transcutaneous electroacupuncture on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Nausea and vomiting are one of the major complications of chemotherapy for cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the emetic effects and mechanisms involving serotonin and dopamine of needleless transcutaneous electroacupuncture (TEA) at Neiguan (PC6) and Jianshi (PC5) on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with cancers. Seventy-two patients with chemotherapy were randomly divided into sham-TEA group (sham-TEA, n = 34) and TEA group (n = 38).

Muscovite is protective against non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced small bowel injury.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of muscovite in preventing small bowel injury induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Methods: We recruited and screened thirty-two healthy volunteers who were randomly allocated equally into two groups: an NSAID control group, who received 75 mg slow-release diclofenac, twice daily for 14 d; and an NSAID-muscovite group, who received 3 g of muscovite in addition to the 75 mg of slow-release diclofenac, twice daily for 14 d. For gastroprotection, both groups were administered 20 mg/d of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole.

[Treatment of functional dyspepsia by Chinese medical syndrome typing: a randomized control research].

Objective: To assess the short- and long-term efficacy and safety of treating functional dyspepsia (FD) by Chinese medical syndrome typing (CMST).

Methods: A randomized, positive-drug parallel controlled study was conducted. Recruited were 170 FD patients who were randomly assigned to the test group (13 cases, treated by Chinese herbs) and the control group (34 cases, treated by Western medicine) in the ratio of 4:1.

Itopride therapy for functional dyspepsia: a meta-analysis.

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of itopride vs other drugs (placebo, domperidone, mosapride) for functional dyspepsia (FD).

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of itopride for FD were retrieved from databases. Relevant information was extracted and analyzed, using the relative risk (RR) and weighted mean deviation, as appropriate.

[Effects of zhizhu tongbian decoction on the colon ink propelling rate, GDNF, and NOS mRNA expression in rats with slow transit constipation].

Objective: To observe the effects of Zhizhu Tongbian Decoction (ZTD) on the enteric nervous system, mRNA expressions of glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the slow transit constipation (STC) rats.

Methods: Thirty STC rat model was established by gastric irrigation of rhubarb. After the model building, they were randomly divided into three groups, i.

[The effect of exogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor on expression of gastric and colonic Akt, MAPK in slow transit constipation rats].

Objective: To study the expression of Akt and MAPK in the stomach and colon of slow transit constipation (STC) in rats, as well as the effect of exogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on it.

Methods: Forty-four SD rats were divided into control group and model group randomly. The STC model group was established by gastric irrigation of rhubarb for 3.

[Proteomic expression analysis of colonic mucosa in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome].

Objective: To explore the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and the regulation of the network relationship between differential proteins.

Methods: Sixteen female SD rats of clean grade were randomly divided into IBS group (n = 8) and control group (n = 8). A rat model of IBS was established by a special odor of mothball as a conditional stimulation and colorectal distension plus the classic conditions of physical restraint as a non-conditional stimulation in turn.

[The expression of glial cell line-derived neutrophil factor and its effect on colonic transit function in slow transit constipation rats].

Objective: To investigate the distribution and expression of glial cell line-derived neutrophil factor(GDNF)in colon of slow transit constipation (STC) rats and the effect of exogenous GDNF on colon transit.

Methods: Forty-eight SD rats were divided randomly into controlled group and model group. The models were established by gastric irrigation of rhubarb for 3.

[Effects of teprenone on expression of heat shock protein 70 and c-fos in stomach following prednisolone ingestion: experiment with rats].

Objective: To estimate the effect of teprenone on the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and c-fos in stomach following prednisolone ingestion.

Methods: Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly into 5 equal groups: normal control group, undergoing gastric perfusion of normal saline (NS) for 7 days, and since the 4 th day undergoing fasting for 4 days; model control group, undergoing gastric perfusion of NS for 7 days, and since the 4 th day undergoing fasting and subcutaneous injection of prednisolone 40 mg/kg for 4 days; and 3 model therapy groups, undergoing gastric perfusion with low, middle, and high dose of teprenone (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg respectively) for 7 days and undergoing fasting and subcutaneous injection of prednisolone 40 mg/kg since the 4 th day. Twenty-four hours after the last administration of drugs, the rats were killed with their stomachs taken out.