Nanoengineered Red Blood Cells Loaded with TMPRSS2 and Cathepsin L Inhibitors Block SARS-CoV-2 Pseudovirus Entry into Lung ACE2 Cells.

The enzymatic activities of Furin, Transmembrane serine proteinase 2 (TMPRSS2), Cathepsin L (CTSL), and Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor binding are necessary for the entry of coronaviruses into host cells. Precise inhibition of these key proteases in ACE2 lung cells during a viral infection cycle shall prevent viral Spike (S) protein activation and its fusion with a host cell membrane, consequently averting virus entry to the cells. In this study, dual-drug-combined (TMPRSS2 inhibitor Camostat and CTSL inhibitor E-64d) nanocarriers (NCs) are constructed conjugated with an anti-human ACE2 (hACE2) antibody and employ Red Blood Cell (RBC)-hitchhiking, termed "Nanoengineered RBCs," for targeting lung cells.

[Preparation of liposomal artesunate dry powder inhalers and the effect on the acute lung injury of rats].

Artesunate is one of artemisinin derivatives with anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory activities though its water solubility and bioavailability are low. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a seriously dispersive lung disease with a high mortality. In this study, artesunate liposomes were prepared with the film dispersion method, and then lyophilized to obtain the liposomal artesunate dry powder inhalers(LADPIs).

[Ultrasonic microbubbles for glioma-targeted drug delivery].

Ultrasonic microbubbles were used to open blood-brain barriers (BBB) with a reversed and limited behavior feature in the study, which could improve the brain-targeted delivery of anti-tumor drugs. The glioma rat model was prepared. Low-frequency ultrasound was combined with microbubbles to affect the permeability of BBB compared with the permeability of independently administered Evans blue (EB) crossing BBB.

[Preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of cataplasm of white mustard seed varnish to prevent asthma].

The aim of the manuscript was to optimize formulations and preparation technologies of cataplasm of white mustard seed varnish, and to evaluate its anti-asthma effect on rats. The single factor experiments included spreading thickness, types of crosslinking agents, dihydroxyaluminum aminoacetate amount, sodium polyacrylate amount, types of adhesive agents with human sense as the evaluation index. Blank cataplasm matrix was optimized by the orthogonal experiment with the amount of glycerine, citric acid, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as the major influential factors.

Potential and problems in ultrasound-responsive drug delivery systems.

Ultrasound is an important local stimulus for triggering drug release at the target tissue. Ultrasound-responsive drug delivery systems (URDDS) have become an important research focus in targeted therapy. URDDS include many different formulations, such as microbubbles, nanobubbles, nanodroplets, liposomes, emulsions, and micelles.

[Effect of RMP-7 and its derivatives on the transportation of liposome into the brain].

Aim: To study the action of RMP-7 and its derivative on transporting liposome across the blood brain barrier (BBB) into the brain.

Methods: RMP-7 and DSPE-PEG-NHS [[1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-n-[poly (ethylene-glycol)]-hydroxy succinamide]] were conjugated together in mild condition and MALDI-TOF-MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry) was used to determine their molecular ratio. An in vitro BBB model was established and used to determine in vitro bioactivity of RMP-7 and its derivative.