Proton-controlled Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and topological Hall effect in hydrogenated strontium ruthenate.

The Topological Hall effect (THE) is a fascinating physical phenomenon related to topological spin textures, serving as a powerful electrical probe for detecting and understanding these unconventional magnetic orders and skyrmions. Recently, the THE has been observed in strontium ruthenate (SrRuO, SRO) thin films and its heterostructures, which originates from the disruption of interfacial inversion symmetry and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Here, we demonstrate a practically pure proton doping effect for controlling the DMI and THE in the SRO epitaxial films using the Pt electrode-assisted hydrogenation method.

Severe multiple injuries in a 15-year-old boy with pelvic fracture complete anterior dislocation of the sacroiliac joint and rupture of the internal and external iliac arteries: A case report of a rare injury.

Rationale: Anterior dislocation of the sacroiliac joint combined with pelvic fractures is relatively rare in clinical practice. It is often associated with hemodynamic instability and severe injuries to other regions, resulting in a complex condition, prolonged treatment duration, and high rates of mortality and disability. However, there are few reports in the literature describing the diagnosis and treatment of anterior dislocation of the sacroiliac joint.

Spatial evolution of the proton-coupled Mott transition in correlated oxides for neuromorphic computing.

The proton-electron coupling effect induces rich spectrums of electronic states in correlated oxides, opening tempting opportunities for exploring novel devices with multifunctions. Here, via modest Pt-aided hydrogen spillover at room temperature, amounts of protons are introduced into SmNiO-based devices. In situ structural characterizations together with first-principles calculation reveal that the local Mott transition is reversibly driven by migration and redistribution of the predoped protons.

Nanotube ferroelectric tunnel junctions with an ultrahigh tunneling electroresistance ratio.

Low-dimensional ferroelectric tunnel junctions are appealing for the realization of nanoscale nonvolatile memory devices due to their inherent advantages of device miniaturization. Those based on current mechanisms have limitations, including low tunneling electroresistance (TER) effects and complex heterostructures. Here, we introduce an entirely new TER mechanism to construct a nanotube ferroelectric tunnel junction with ferroelectric nanotubes as the tunneling region.

Organophosphorus-Catalyzed Direct Dehydroxylative Thioetherification of Alcohols with Hypervalent Organosulfur Compounds.

A metal-free and thiol-free organophosphorus-catalyzed method for forming thioethers was disclosed, driven by P/P═O redox cycling. In this work, one-step dehydroxylative thioetherification of alcohols was fulfilled with various hypervalent organosulfur compounds. This established strategy features an excellent functional group tolerance and broad substrate scope, especially inactivated alcohols.

Mechanical Polarization Switching in HfZrO Thin Film.

HfO-based films with high compatibility with Si and complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS) have been widely explored in recent years. In addition to ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity, flexoelectricity, the coupling between polarization and a strain gradient, is rarely reported in HfO-based films. Here, we demonstrate that the mechanically written out-of-plane domains are obtained in 10 nm HfZr0O (HZO) ferroelectric film at room temperature by generating the stress gradient via the tip of an atomic force microscope.

Ferroelectric control of pseudospin texture in CuInPSmonolayer.

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) plays an important role in condensed matter physics and has potential applications in spintronics devices. In this paper, we study the electronic properties of ferroelectric CuInPS(CIPS) monolayer through first-principles calculations. The result shows that CIPS monolayer is a potential for valleytronics material and we find that the in-plane helical and nonhelical pseudospin texture are induced by the Rashba and Dresselhaus effect, respectively.

Strain-engineering on GeSe: Raman spectroscopy study.

Among the IV-VI compounds, GeSe has wide applications in nanoelectronics due to its unique photoelectric properties and adjustable band gap. Even though modulation of its physical characteristics, including the band gap, by an external field will be useful for designing novel devices, experimental work is still rare. Here, we report a detailed anisotropic Raman response of GeSe flakes under uniaxial tension strain.

Intrinsic asymmetric ferroelectricity induced giant electroresistance in ZnO/BaTiO superlattice.

Here, we combine the piezoelectric wurtzite ZnO and the ferroelectric (111) BaTiO as a hexagonal closed-packed structure and report a systematic theoretical study on the ferroelectric behavior induced by the interface of ZnO/BaTiO films and the transport properties between the SrRuO electrodes. The parallel and antiparallel polarizations of ZnO and BaTiO can lead to intrinsic asymmetric ferroelectricity in the ZnO/BaTiO superlattice. Using first-principles calculations we demonstrate four different configurations for the ZnO/BaTiO/ZnO superlattice with respective terminations and find one most favorable for the stable existence of asymmetric ferroelectricity in thin films with thickness less than 4 nm.

Mechanically tunable exchange coupling of Co/CoO bilayers on flexible muscovite substrates.

The employment of flexible muscovite substrates has given us the feasibility of applying strain to heterostructures dynamically by mechanical bending. In this study, this novel approach is utilized to investigate strain effects on the exchange coupling in ferromagnetic Co and anti-ferromagnetic CoO (Co/CoO) bilayers. Two different Co/CoO bilayer heterostructures were grown on muscovite substrates by oxide molecular beam epitaxy, with the CoO layer being purely (111)- and (100)-oriented.

CXCR3 knockdown protects against high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine production at the onset of diabetic nephropathy.

Chemokines and their receptors play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, their expression pattern and function in glomerular podocytes have not been investigated as of yet. In the present study, we investigated whether CXCR3 could protect podocytes from high glucose-induced apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine production and explored the possible mechanism.

[Enhancement of in vitro protoscolicidal effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound by a superabsorbent polymer and ultrasound contrast agent].

This study evaluated whether or not a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) combined with ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) could enhance damage efficacy of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces in vitro. Thirty test tubes each with 6 000-7 500 protoscolices were divided into 5 groups: group A (blank control) without HIFU treatment, group B treated with HIFU (50 W) only, group C treated with 10 microl UCA and HIFU, group D treated with 0.01 g SAP and HIFU, group E treated with 10 microl UCA, 0.

Proliferative and apoptotic effects of andrographolide on the BGC-823 human gastric cancer cell line.

Background: Andrographolide has been shown to have anticancer activity on diverse cancer cell lines representing different types of human cancers. The aim of this research was to investigate the anticancer and apoptotic effects of andrographolide on the BGC-823 human gastric cancer cell line.

Methods: Cell proliferation and IC50 were evaluated using MTT assay, cell-cycle analysis with flow cytometry apoptotic effects with Annexin-V/propidium iodide double-staining assay, and morphologic structure with transmission electron microscopy.

[Effect of andrographolide on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer BGC-823 cells].

Objective: To investigate the effect of andrographolide (AD) on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of human gastric cells line BGC-823.

Methods: MTT assay, flow cytometry and Annexin-V/PI double-staining flow cytometry assay were used to evaluate the effect of AD on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of BGC-823 cells respectively. Optical microscope and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the cell morphological changes.

The damages of high intensity focused ultrasound to transplanted hydatid cysts in abdominal cavities of rabbits with aids of ultrasound contrast agent and superabsorbent polymer.

The present study investigates the damages of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to transplanted hydatid cysts in abdominal cavities of rabbits with aids of ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) and superabsorbent polymer (SAP) alone or in combination. A rabbit model with transplanted hydatid cyst was established by implanting hydatid cyst isolated from infected sheep liver, and HIFU was used to ablate the transplanted cysts with the aid of UCA and SAP alone or in combination. The hydatid cyst with thin wall, good elasticity, approximately spherical, and a diameter of approximately 30 mm was selected for the following experiments.

The destructive effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound on hydatid cysts enhanced by ultrasound contrast agent and superabsorbent polymer alone or in combination.

Cystic echinococcosis, caused by the metacestode stage of Echincoccus granulosus, remains endemic in many regions around the world. The present work evaluated whether or not a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) alone or in combination could enhance damage efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on hydatid cysts in vitro. HIFU of 100 W acoustic power, with the aid of 0.