FYN/TOPK/HSPB1 axis facilitates the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer.

Background: FYN is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that regulates diverse pathological processes. The pro-cancer role of FYN in multiple malignancies has been elucidated. However, the mechanisms that FYN promotes gastric cancer (GC) progression remain largely unknown.

Age-related difference in muscle metabolism patterns during upper limb's encircling exercise: a near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Aging is usually accompanied by decrease in limb motor function and change in muscle metabolism patterns. However, few studies have investigated the aging effect on muscle hemodynamics of the upper extremity. This study aims to explore the aging effect on muscle metabolism patterns during upper limb's exercise.

Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to eliminate native plasmids of Zymomonas mobilis ZM4.

The CRISPR/Cas system can be used to simply and efficiently edit the genomes of various species, including animals, plants, and microbes. Zymomonas mobilis ZM4 is a highly efficient, ethanol-producing bacterium that contains five native plasmids. Here, we constructed the pSUZM2a-Cas9 plasmid and a single-guide RNA expression plasmid.

Construction of a novel secretion expression system guided by native signal peptide of PhoD in Zymomonas mobilis.

In the current study, three native signal peptides (SPs) from PhoC, PhoD, and ZMO0331were investigated and compared to construct novel secretion expression systems in Zymomonas mobilis. The secretion expression of target protein, α-amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BAA), guided by PhoD's SP resulted in more hydrolysis of starch than that by the other two SPs. Extracellular and intracellular α-amylase activities of the strain containing PhoD's SP were also higher than the other two strains containing PhoC or ZMO0331's SP.

Exploring the polyadenylated RNA virome of sweet potato through high-throughput sequencing.

Background: Viral diseases are the second most significant biotic stress for sweet potato, with yield losses reaching 20% to 40%. Over 30 viruses have been reported to infect sweet potato around the world, and 11 of these have been detected in China. Most of these viruses were detected by traditional detection approaches that show disadvantages in detection throughput.

Scanning of transposable elements and analyzing expression of transposase genes of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas].

Background: Transposable elements (TEs) are the most abundant genomic components in eukaryotes and affect the genome by their replications and movements to generate genetic plasticity. Sweet potato performs asexual reproduction generally and the TEs may be an important genetic factor for genome reorganization. Complete identification of TEs is essential for the study of genome evolution.

Transcriptome analysis to identify putative floral-specific genes and flowering regulatory-related genes of sweet potato.

Sweet potato flowers were collected for a transcriptome analysis to identify the putative floral-specific and flowering regulatory-related genes by using the RNA-sequencing technique. Pair-end short reads were de novo assembled by an integrated strategy, and then the floral transcriptome was carefully compared with several published vegetative transcriptomes. A total of 2595 putative floral-specific and 2928 putative vegetative-specific transcripts were detected.

Draft genome sequence of Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae strain 08XA1, a fecal bacterium of giant pandas.

Enterobacter cloacae, a common pathogenic bacterium, is a Gram-negative bacillus. We analyzed the draft genome of Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae strain 08XA1 from the feces of a giant panda in China.

Draft genome sequence of Bacillus pumilus BA06, a producer of alkaline serine protease with leather-dehairing function.

Bacillus pumilus BA06 was isolated from the proteinaceous soil and produced an extracellular alkaline protease with leather-dehairing function. The genome of BA06 was sequenced. The comparative genome analysis indicated that strain BA06 is different in genome from the other B.

Ghrelin protects against cobalt chloride-induced hypoxic injury in cardiac H9c2 cells by inhibiting oxidative stress and inducing autophagy.

Ghrelin is a multifunctional peptide that actively protects against cardiovascular ischemic diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We used CoCl(2) to mimic hypoxic conditions in cardiac H9c2 cells in order to study the mechanism by which ghrelin protects cardiac myocytes against hypoxic injury by regulating the content of intracellular ROS and autophagy levels. Cell apoptosis and necrosis were evaluated by the flow cytometry assay, Hoechst staining, and LDH activity.

Digital gene expression analysis based on integrated de novo transcriptome assembly of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam].

Background: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) ranks among the top six most important food crops in the world.

Modulated expression of genes associated with NO signal transduction contributes to the cholesterol-lowering effect of electro-acupuncture.

Electro-acupuncture (EA) at Fenglong acupoint (ST40) can lower the levels of serum cholesterol and triacylglycerols. To study the hepatic genes responsible for the cholesterol-lowering effect of EA, suppression subtractive hybridization combined with the switch mechanism at the 5'-end of RNA template cDNA synthesis and long-distance PCR were employed using hepatic tissues from hypercholesterolemia and EA-treated mice. 68 % of the identified genes are involved in metabolism, immune response, and signal transduction pathways.

Gene expression in secondary metabolism and metabolic switching phase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Ligninolytic enzymes are well-known to play the crucial roles in lignin biodegradation and have potential applications in industrial processes. The filamentous white-rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, has been widely used as a model organism for studying these ligninolytic enzymes that are able to degrade the lignin during the secondary metabolism. To study the gene expression in secondary metabolism and metabolic switching phase of P.

[Cloning and optimizing expression of a periplasmic solute-binding gene gsiB from Escherichia coli].

Cloning and expression of gsiB was carried out for studying protein structure and function of glutathione transport system. The coding sequence of Escherichia coli gsiB that encodes the periplasmic solute-binding protein of a glutathione transporter was amplified by PCR, and then inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector pWaldo-GFPe harboring GFP reporter gene through the method Sequence and Ligation-Independent Cloning (SLIC). The resulting recombinant plasmid pWaldo-GFP-GsiB was transformed into different E.

Tea catechins induce the conversion of preformed lysozyme amyloid fibrils to amorphous aggregates.

Natural polyphenols are major constituents of plant foods and herbs. Numerous studies have demonstrated that natural polyphenols inhibited amyloid formation and destabilized the preformed amyloid fibrils. However, the molecular mechanism for the antiamyloidogenesis of polyphenols is still unclear and remains to be further explored.

[Stress-responsive expression analysis of glutathione-S-transferase gene of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam].

A prokaryotic expression plasmid pET-IbGST, which contains the full encoding region of a glutathione-S- transferase (GST) gene of sweet potato, was constructed. The recombinant IBGSTU1 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and found in the soluble fraction, as well as in insoluble inclusion bodies of lysed cells. Its enzymatic activity was detected using UV spectrophotometer.

[Molecular cloning and expression of alcohol dehydrogenase gene of Phanerochaete chrysosporium].

When Phanerochaete chrysosporium is grown under oxygen-limited condition, ethanol is one of the important metabolites. In order to understand the metabolic mechanism of P. chrysosporium grown under oxygen-limited condition, a cDNA sequence (1 071 bp) designated "PCAdh1" encoding an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was cloned from the filamentous white-rot fungus P.

Substrate specificity and thermostability of the dehairing alkaline protease from Bacillus pumilus.

An alkaline protease (DHAP) from Bacillus pumilus has shown great potential in hide dehairing. To get better insights on its catalytic properties for application, the substrate specificity and thermostability were investigated using five natural proteins and nine synthetic peptides. The results showed that DHAP could hydrolyze five proteins tested here in different specificity.

[Site-directed mutagenesis and function analysis of glgC gene from Escherichia coli.].

Using genomic DNA of Escherichia coli JM109 as a template, glgC gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The full coding sequence of this gene is 1296 bp. To get 3 mutants that amino acids changed: P295S (V121A, M151I, V334D), G336D and P295S/G336D (K109R) by recombinant PCR, respectively named 295+3, 336 and 295/336+1.

Construction of a novel cell-surface display system for heterologous gene expression in Escherichia coli by using an outer membrane protein of Zymomonas mobilis as anchor motif.

A novel bacterial cell-surface display system was developed in Escherichia coli using omp1, a hypothetical outer membrane protein of Zymomonas mobilis. By using this system, we successfully expressed beta-amylase gene of sweet potato in E. coli.

Cloning, sequence, and function analyses of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) CD9 gene.

CD9 is a member of the tetraspanin family proteins and has recently been shown to be essential for sperm-oocyte fusion in mice. The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) CD9 (gpCD9) cDNA was amplified for the first time by RT-PCR from ovary total RNA and cloned, sequenced and analyzed. The result revealed that the open reading frame (ORF) of gpCD9 was 681 bp, which has the same length as that of mouse.

Cloning and expression of Tenebrio molitor antifreeze protein in Escherichia coli.

A novel antifreeze protein cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR from the larva of the yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor. The coding fragment of 339 bp encodes a protein of 112 amino acid residues and was fused to the expression vectors pET32a and pTWIN1. The resulted expression plasmids were transformed into Escherischia coli strains BL21 (DE3), ER2566, and Origami B (DE3), respectively.

Cloning and expression of an alpha-amylase gene from Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Based on the genomic sequence and cDNA library screening, the cDNA sequence encoding an alpha-amylase was cloned from the filamentous white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium and designated as pcamy1. Alignment results showed that the predicted protein has up to 43% amino acid homology to the known alpha-amylases in other organisms and is close to those from some filamentous fungi. Under nitrogen-starvation condition, the transcription of pcamy1 was accordingly upregulated or downregulated when soluble starch or glucose is sole carbon source.

Gene cloning, sequencing, expression and biological activity of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) interferon-alpha.

The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an endangered species and indigenous to China. In mammals, multiple subtypes of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) exist, most of which possess antiviral activity. Little is known about giant panda IFN-alpha genes and the role they may play in giant panda immunological responses to viruses.