Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of a series of triterpenoids (1-46) including 12 new ones (1-12) from the mushroom Inonotus obliquus. The structures of all the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis as well as by comparison with literature data. Triterpenoids 1-3, 6, 7, 16, 24, 25, 27, 38, 43, 44 and 46 showed strong α-glucosidase inhibition, with IC values from 11.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we used genotyping by sequencing (GBS) to examine the genetic diversity of 22 strains of Lingzhi and the quality differences in 15 fruit bodies of Lingzhi from different Chinese regions. The phylogenetic trees of 22 strains were constructed based on ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) and SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism). Moisture, ash, water-soluble extracts, alcohol-soluble extracts, polysaccharides, and triterpenoids from 15 fruit bodies of Lingzhi were detected and analyzed based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the US Pharmacopoeia references.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Proline (Pro) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) play important roles in plant development and stress tolerance. However, the molecular components responsible for the transport of these molecules in rice remain largely unknown.
Results: Here we identified OsProT1 and OsProT3 as functional transporters for Pro and GABA.
Ganoderma mushrooms are widely used in clinical therapies and functional foods. The antidiabetic effect of Ganoderma has become a research hot spot in recent decades. To search for a superior antidiabetic Ganoderma extract, five common Ganoderma species (G.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOur earlier work indicated that the polysaccharides of Amauroderma rude (AR) appear to have an effect on immunoregulation. However, the pathways are not clear. In this paper, we discuss the immunomodulatory mechanisms of A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe previously reported that Amauroderma rude polysaccharides (AR) displayed strong immunomodulatory tumor-suppressive effects in mice. The current study was designed to explore the potential mechanism by which AR polysaccharides inhibit tumor growth. We found that AR could effectively induce cell death in 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe extensive applications of species and their rich bioactive secondary metabolites have inspired many pharmacological investigations. Previous research has been conducted to examine the biological activities and numerous interesting pharmaceutical activities have been reported. However, the antitumor activities of these species are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo examine the role of oral spore oil in cardiovascular disease, we used transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice to model pressure overload-induced cardiomyopathy. Our preliminary results demonstrated a potential cardioprotective role for spore oil extracted from . We found that treatment normalized ejection fraction and corrected the fractional shortening generated by TAC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeven new triterpenes, inonotusol A-G (1-7), one new diterpene, inonotusic acid (8), and 22 known compounds were isolated from Inonotus obliquus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation NMR ((1)H-(1)H COSY, ROESY, HSQC, and HMBC) experiments. In in vitro assays, compounds 6 and 8-16 showed hepatoprotective effects against d-galactosamine-induced WB-F344 cell damage, with inhibitory effects from 34.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMore and more medicinal mushrooms have been widely used as a miraculous herb for health promotion, especially by cancer patients. Here we report screening thirteen mushrooms for anti-cancer cell activities in eleven different cell lines. Of the herbal products tested, we found that the extract of Amauroderma rude exerted the highest activity in killing most of these cancer cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChaga medicinal mushroom, Inonotus obliquus, a popular prescription in traditional medicine in Europe and Asia, was used to reduce inflammation in the nasopharynx and to facilitate breathing. The aqueous extract from I. obliquus (AEIO) exhibited marked decrease in herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection (the 50% inhibitory concentration was 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDue to an altered expression of oncogenic factors and tumor suppressors, aggressive cancer cells have an intrinsic or acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. This typically contributes to cancer recurrence after chemotherapy. microRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that are involved in both cell self-renewal and cancer development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpression of the extracellular matrix proteoglycan versican is associated with more than 10 types of cancers, often being secreted by stromal cells in response to tumor signals. Previous work in our lab has shown that overexpression of the V1 versican isoform in cultured fibroblasts (V1 cells) increases both proliferation and apoptotic resistance. We show here that V1 cells induced tumor formation in nude mice and that, in keeping with previously shown apoptotic resistance, V1 cells have down-regulated Fas mRNA and protein levels.
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