[Clinical significance of prostatic exosomal protein and PSA in detecting prostate cancer with the PSA gray zone and PI-RADS-3 lesions].

Objective: To explore the clinical value of prostatic exosomal protein (PSEP) and PSA in the diagnosis of PCa with PSA in the gray zone (4－10 μg/L) and Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System category 3 (PI-RADS-3) lesions.

Methods: From 2019 to 2022, 211 patients with the PSA gray zone and PI-RADS-3 lesions underwent prostate multi-parameter MRI, prostate needle biopsy or transurethral resection/enucleation of the prostate. We collected the baseline urine samples from the patients, examined the content of PSEP in the urine by ELISA and evaluated the performance of PSEP and PSA in the diagnosis of PCa.

[Transcriptomic characteristics analysis of bone from chronic osteomyelitis].

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of chronic osteomyelitis and to clarify the role of MAPK signal pathway in the pathogenesis of chronic osteomyelitis, by collecting and analyzing the transcriptional information of bone tissue in patients with chronic osteomyelitis.

Methods: Four cases of traumatic osteomyelitis in limbs from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected, and the samples of necrotic osteonecrosis from chronic osteomyelitis (necrotic group), and normal bone tissue (control group) were collected. Transcriptome information was collected by Illumina Hiseq Xten high throughput sequencing platform, and the gene expression in bone tissue was calculated by FPKM.

Advances in the study of gastric organoids as disease models.

Gastric organoids are models created in the laboratory using stem cells and sophisticated three-dimensional cell culture techniques. These models have shown great promise in providing valuable insights into gastric physiology and advanced disease research. This review comprehensively summarizes and analyzes the research advances in culture methods and techniques for adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids, and patient-derived organoids.

Design and Validation of a Deep Learning Model for Renal Stone Detection and Segmentation on Kidney-Ureter-Bladder Images.

Kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB) imaging is used as a frontline investigation for patients with suspected renal stones. In this study, we designed a computer-aided diagnostic system for KUB imaging to assist clinicians in accurately diagnosing urinary tract stones. The image dataset used for training and testing the model comprised 485 images provided by Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.

Retinal Vascular Image Segmentation Using Improved UNet Based on Residual Module.

In recent years, deep learning technology for clinical diagnosis has progressed considerably, and the value of medical imaging continues to increase. In the past, clinicians evaluated medical images according to their individual expertise. In contrast, the application of artificial intelligence technology for automatic analysis and diagnostic assistance to support clinicians in evaluating medical information more efficiently has become an important trend.

Sirtuins at the Crossroads between Mitochondrial Quality Control and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Structure, Regulation, Modifications, and Modulators.

Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7), a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent enzymes, are key regulators of life span and metabolism. In addition to acting as deacetylates, some sirtuins have the properties of deacylase, decrotonylase, adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase, lipoamidase, desuccinylase, demalonylase, deglutarylase, and demyristolyase. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early on and acts causally in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD).

Changes in dynamic and static brain fluctuation distinguish minimal hepatic encephalopathy and cirrhosis patients and predict the severity of liver damage.

Purpose: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is characterized by mild neuropsychological and neurophysiological alterations that are not detectable by routine clinical examination. Abnormal brain activity (in terms of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) has been observed in MHE patients. However, little is known concerning temporal dynamics of intrinsic brain activity.

Treatment outcomes with radium-223 in docetaxel-naïve versus docetaxel-treated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients: Real-world evidence from Taiwan.

While radium (Ra)-223 is among the multiple, known life-prolonging treatments in bone-predominant metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), optimal treatment sequencing has not been determined, particularly in the Asia-Pacific context. Hence, we aimed to compare treatment outcomes of docetaxel-naïve and post-docetaxel mCRPC patients undergoing Ra-223 therapy in Taiwan. Using a single-center retrospective cohort design, we reviewed records of adult patients receiving Ra-223 for bone-metastatic mCRPC from 2018 to 2021.

Deep Learning Model for Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Urolithiasis Detection from Kidney-Ureter-Bladder Images.

Kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB) imaging is a radiological examination with a low cost, low radiation, and convenience. Although emergency room clinicians can arrange KUB images easily as a first-line examination for patients with suspicious urolithiasis, interpreting the KUB images correctly is difficult for inexperienced clinicians. Obtaining a formal radiology report immediately after a KUB imaging examination can also be challenging.

Totally X-ray-Free Ultrasound-Guided Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Galdakao-Modified Supine Valdivia Position: A Novel Combined Surgery.

We introduced a novel surgery that combines ultrasound guidance, miniaturization and Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia (GMSV) position in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and evaluated the safety and efficacy. This retrospective, single-center study retrospectively reviewed 150 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided mini-PCNL in the GMSV position from November 2019 to March 2022. All perioperative parameters were collected.

Diagnostic value of dual-energy CT and clinicopathological and imaging feature analysis of mixed endometrial stromal and smooth muscle tumors with intracardiac extension.

Objective: To describe the clinicopathological and imaging features of mixed endometrial stromal and smooth muscle tumors with intracardiac extension and to explore the diagnostic value of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) for this rare entity.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the clinicopathological data and images of a 41-year-old female patient with pathologically documented mixed endometrial stromal and smooth muscle tumors with intracardiac extension who had undergone DECT examination. Seven virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) in 10-kiloelectron volt (keV) intervals (range = 40-100 keV), iodine density (ID) maps, and Z effective (Zeff) maps were reconstructed, and lesion conspicuity was assessed.

Esophageal myoepithelial carcinoma: Four case reports.

Background: Myoepithelial carcinoma (MC) is a rare malignant neoplasm that mainly occurs in the salivary gland. MC can be confused with many other tumors when arising outside the salivary glands because it presents with a wide spectrum of cytomorphological and immunohistochemical features. To the best of our knowledge, esophageal MC has not been previously reported.

Protective effects of Wuwei Xiaodu Drink against chronic osteomyelitis through Foxp3CD25CD4 Treg cells via the IL-2/STAT5 signaling pathway.

To explore the effectiveness and safety of a Chinese medicinal decoction Wuwei Xiaodu Drink (WWXDD) in inhibiting chronic osteomyelitis via regulatory T cells signaling. The effective constitutes of WWXDD and osteomyelitis related genes were screened. Target proteins were cross-validated using the Venny database.

Bone metastasis of esophageal carcinoma diagnosed as a first primary tumor: a population-based study.

Background: This study aimed to explore predictors of bone metastasis (BM) of esophageal carcinoma (EC) and factors affecting the prognosis of EC with BM (ECBM).

Methods: We retrospectively studied the data of EC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2016. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of BM.

PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone alleviates inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharides in osteoblast cells.

Osteomyelitis is an acute or chronic inflammatory bone disease with a high disability rate. As an anti-inflammatory factor, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) is not only implicated in a variety of inflammatory responses but also regulates osteoblast differentiation and bone mass. However, the role of PPAR-γ in osteomyelitis is not fully understood.

Predicting Response to Systemic Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer Using Pre-Treatment Dual-Energy CT Radiomics: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To build and assess a pre-treatment dual-energy CT-based clinical-radiomics nomogram for the individualized prediction of clinical response to systemic chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer (AGC).

Methods: A total of 69 pathologically confirmed AGC patients who underwent dual-energy CT before systemic chemotherapy were enrolled from two centers in this retrospective study. Treatment response was determined with follow-up CT according to the RECIST standard.

A safe and effective anastomotic technique for robot-assisted minimally invasive oesophagectomy: Reverse-puncture anastomosis.

Background: Oesophagogastric anastomosis is mainly complicated by its tediousness. We hope to modify an oesophagogastric anastomotic technique that simplifies anastomosis.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 57 cases executed using reverse-puncture anastomotic (RPA) technique and 64 cases of manual purse anastomosis (MPA) technique for robot-assisted minimally invasive oesophagectomy (RAMIE).

Risk prediction nomogram for major morbidity related to primary resection for esophageal squamous cancer.

Background And Objectives: Postoperative major complications after esophageal cancer resection vary and may significantly impact long-term outcomes. This study aimed to build an individualized nomogram to predict post-esophagectomy major morbidity.

Methods: This retrospective study included 599 consecutive patients treated at a single center between January 2017 and April 2019.

[Surgical treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis of extremities with MRSA infection].

Objective: To summarize and discuss the clinical efficacy and application value of intravenous drip of linezolid combined with local targeted sustained-release of vancomycin in the treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis of extremities infected with MRSA.

Methods: Thirty patients with traumatic osteomyelitis of extremities infected by MRSA from March 2015 to March 2017 were analyzed retrospectively, including 21 males and 9 females; aged 25 to 64 years old, with an average age of(47.94± 6.

Composite hemangioendothelioma of the spleen with multiple metastases: CT findings and review of the literature.

Composite hemangioendothelioma (CHE) is a rare vascular neoplasm of intermediate malignant potential. Only 52 cases have been reported in the English literature, and one case previously reported occurred in the spleen. The purpose of our study was to report a 65-year-old man diagnosed as CHE primary arising from the spleen with multiple metastases.

[Closed folding apex manipulation combined with splinting for the treatment of double fractures of distal ulna and radius in children].

Objective: To investigate specific technique and clinical effects of closed folding top consolidation maneuver combined with splint fixation maneuver for consolidation and cedar bark external fixation splint for the treatment of double fractures of distal ulna and radius in children.

Methods: From January 2017 to December 2019, 17 children with double fractures of distal ulna and radius were treated with closed folded apex consolidation maneuver, including 13 males and 4 females, aged from 4 to 11 years old with an average of (7.29±2.

An artificial neural network model predicting pathologic nodal metastases in clinical stage I-II esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Background: Current preoperative staging for lymph nodal status remains inaccurate. The purpose of this study was to build an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict pathologic nodal involvement in clinical stage I-II esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients and then validated the performance of the model.

Methods: A total of 523 patients (training set: 350; test set: 173) with clinical staging I-II ESCC who underwent esophagectomy and reconstruction were enrolled in this study.