Three Lipid Emulsions Reduce -Stimulated Phagocytosis in Mouse RAW264.7 Cells.

Soybean oil (SO)-, SO medium-chain triglyceride (MCT)-, olive oil (OO)-, and fish oil (FO)-based lipid emulsions are generally applied in clinical practice via intravenous injection for patients with nutritional requirements. The function of lipid emulsions on immune modulation remains inconsistent, and their effects on macrophages are limited. In the present study, we used a model of -infected mouse RAW264.

Single-injection femoral nerve block lacks preemptive effect on postoperative pain and morphine consumption in total knee arthroplasty.

Objective: Postoperative pain is severe after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Therefore, femoral nerve block (FNB) is commonly used as an adjuvant to spinal anesthesia for TKA. Some anesthesia providers perform this preoperatively, while others perform it postoperatively.