Molecular basis for SOX2-dependent regulation of super-enhancer activity.

Pioneer transcription factors (TFs) like SOX2 are vital for stemness and cancer through enhancing gene expression within transcriptional condensates formed with coactivators, RNAs and mediators on super-enhancers (SEs). Despite their importance, how these factors work together for transcriptional condensation and activation remains unclear. SOX2, a pioneer TF found in SEs of pluripotent and cancer stem cells, initiates SE-mediated transcription by binding to nucleosomes, though the mechanism isn't fully understood.

Role of oncogene PIM-1 in the development and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma: Involvement of oxidative stress.

In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of PIM-1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in vitro and investigate the relationship between PIM-1 and redox proteins (NOX4, SOD2, and GPX2) at the tissue and cellular levels. As a PIM-1 inhibitor, SGI-1776 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and induced an increase in apoptosis and reactive oxygen species in two PTC cell lines (BCPAP and TPC-1). The expressions of PIM-1, SOD2 and GPX2 were downregulated after siNOX4 exposure.

Gastric cancer differentiation using Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy with unsupervised pattern recognition.

The manuscript has investigated the application of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for differentiation gastric cancer. The 90 spectra from cancerous and normal tissues were collected from a total of 30 surgical specimens using Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) equipped with a fiber-optic probe. Major spectral differences were observed in the CH-stretching second overtone (9000-7000 cm(-1)), CH-stretching first overtone (6000-5200 cm(-1)), and CH-stretching combination (4500-4000 cm(-1)) regions.

Investigation of morphological change of green tea polysaccharides by SEM and AFM.

The objective of this study is to investigate the morphological structure and its change of green tea polysaccharides (GTPS) before and after enzyme reaction by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Before enzyme reaction, with the novel sample preparation method SEM images of GTPS have obtained many branches and network structures. After enzyme reaction, the morphological structure of GTPS changed, and surface roughness increased.