Neuromorphic Nanofluidic Sense Digitalization.

Nanofluidic memristors have recently been reshaped into artificial synapses capable of mimicking many fundamental neurosynaptic patterns, while sense digitalization has been increasingly explored to link the neuromorphic devices with external equipment. By inspiration of dopaminergic nerve, here a nanofluidic nerve with sense digitalization is devised by engineering a dopamine (DA)-specific nanofluidic synapse as mediated by PC-12 cells to manage the robotic arm. Different from previous neuromorphic perception of DA via redox reaction, the aptamer-based perception here is based on biological DA recognition by its receptor as indicated by the ionic signals.

Metal-Organic Framework Nanofluidic Synapse.

Chemical synapse completes the signaling through neurotransmitter-mediated ion flux, the emulation of which has been a long-standing obstacle in neuromorphic exploration. Here, we report metal-organic framework (MOF) nanofluidic synapses in which conjugated MOFs with abundant ionic storage sites underlie the ionic hysteresis and simultaneously serve as catalase mimetics that sensitively respond to neurotransmitter glutamate (Glu). Various neurosynaptic patterns with adaptable weights are realized via Glu-mediated chemical/ionic coupling.

A Photoelectrochemical Retinomorphic Synapse.

Reproducing human visual functions with artificial devices is a long-standing goal of the neuromorphic domain. However, emulating the chemical language communication of the visual system in fluids remains a grand challenge. Here, a "multi-color" hydrogel-based photoelectrochemical retinomorphic synapse is reported with unique chemical-ionic-electrical signaling in an aqueous electrolyte that enables, e.

A nanofluidic spiking synapse.

Currently, the nanofluidic synapse can only perform basic neuromorphic pulse patterns. One immediate problem that needs to be addressed to further its capability of brain-like computing is the realization of a nanofluidic spiking device. Here, we report the use of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate membrane to achieve bionic ionic current-induced spiking.

Metal-organic polymer enables efficient organic photoelectrochemical transistor biosensing.

The field of organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) is newly emerged, with increasing efforts attempting to utilize its properties in biological sensing. Advanced materials with new physicochemical properties have proven important to this end. Herein, we report a metal-organic polymers-gated OPECT biosensing exemplified by Cu-arylacetylide polymers (CuAs)-modulated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) channel.

Catalpol attenuates ischemic stroke by promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis via the SDF-1α/CXCR4 pathway.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Currently, there is a lack of clinically effective treatments for the brain damage following ischemic stroke. Catalpol is a bioactive compound derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Rehmannia glutinosa and shown to be protective in various neurological diseases.

A novel mouse model of familial combined hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

Within the context of residual cardiovascular risk in post-statin era, emerging evidence from epidemiologic and human genetic studies have demonstrated that triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins and their remnants are causally related to cardiovascular risk. While, carriers of loss-of-function mutations of ApoC3 have low TG levels and are protected from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Of translational significance, siRNAs/antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting ApoC3 is beneficial for patients with atherosclerotic CVD.

A hollow Ag/AgCl nanoelectrode for single-cell chloride detection.

This work reports the construction of a miniaturized Ag/AgCl nanoelectrode on a nanopipette, which is capable of dual-functions of single-cell drug infusion and chloride detection and is envisioned to promote the study of chloride-correlated therapeutic effects.

θ-Nanopore Ratiometry.

Developing nanoscale ratiometric techniques capable of biochemical response should prove of significance for precise applications with stringent spatial and biological restrictions. Here we present and devise the concept of θ-nanopore ratiometry, which uses ratiometric signals that could well address the serious concerns about device deviation in fabrication and nonspecific adsorption in the detection. As exemplified by a 200 nm θ-nanopore toward miRNA detection, the ±20 nm aperture drift could be mitigated and the issue of nonspecific adsorption could be minimized in the complex cytosolic environment.

Single-Cell Caspase-3 Measurement Using a Biomimetic Nanochannel.

Direct single-cell caspase-3 (Casp-3) analysis has remained challenging. A study of single-cell Casp-3 could contribute to revealing the fundamental pathogenic mechanisms in Casp-3-associated diseases. Here, a biomimetic nanochannel capable of single-cell sampling and ionic detection of intracellular Casp-3 is devised, which is established upon the installment of target-specific organic molecules (luc-DEVD) within the orifice of a glass nanopipette.

Iontronic Photoelectrochemical Biorecognition Probing.

Herein, the first iontronic photoelectrochemical (PEC) biorecognition probing is devised by rational engineering of a dual-functional bioconjugate, i.e., a light-sensitive intercalated structural DNA, as a smart gating module confined within a nanotip, which could respond to both the incident light and biotargets of interest.

Investigation of a UPR-Related Gene Signature Identifies the Pro-Fibrotic Effects of Thrombospondin-1 by Activating CD47/ROS/Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Lung Fibroblasts.

Unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have been linked to pulmonary fibrosis. However, the relationship between UPR status and pulmonary function and prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients remains largely unknown. Through a series of bioinformatics analyses, we established a correlation between UPR status and pulmonary function in IPF patients.

An Ultrasensitive and Efficient microRNA Nanosensor Empowered by the CRISPR/Cas Confined in a Nanopore.

This work presents a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas-nanopipette nano-electrochemistry (Cas = CRISPR-associated proteins) capable of ultrasensitive microRNA detection. Nanoconfinement of the CRISPR/Cas13a within a nanopipette leads to a high catalytic efficacy of ca. 169 times higher than that in bulk electrolyte, contributing to the amplified electrochemical responses.

Hydrogen sulfide inhibits alveolar type II cell senescence and limits pulmonary fibrosis via promoting MDM2-mediated p53 degradation.

Aim: Senescence of alveolar type II (AT2) cells is an important driver of pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate whether and how dysregulation of hydrogen sulfide (H S) production affected AT2 cell senescence, and then explored the effect of H S on the communication between AT2 and fibroblasts.

Methods: ICR mice were intratracheally administered with bleomycin (3 mg/kg).

DNA intercalation makes possible superior-gain organic photoelectrochemical transistor detection.

DNA intercalation has increasingly been studied for various scenario implementations due to the diverse functions of DNA/intercalators. Nascent organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) biosensing taking place in organic electronics and photoelectrochemical bioanalysis represents a promising technological frontier in the arena. In this work, we first devise DNA intercalation-enabled OPECT for miRNA detection with a superior gain up to 17100.

Polymer Dot-Gated Accumulation-Type Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor for Urea Biosensing.

Organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) biosensing represents a new platform interfacing optoelectronics and biological systems with essential amplification, which, nevertheless, are concentrated on depletion-type operation to date. Here, a polymer dot (Pdot)-gated accumulation-type OPECT biosensor is devised and applied for sensitive urea detection. In such a device, the as-designed Pdot/poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) is validated as a superior gating module against the diethylenetriamine (DETA) de-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) channel, and the urea-dependent status of Pdots has been shown to be sensitively correlated with the device's response.

Dual Functional Conjugated Acetylenic Polymers: High-Efficacy Modulation for Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistors and Structural Evolution for Bioelectronic Detection.

Conjugated acetylenic polymers (CAPs) have emerged as a unique class of metal-free semiconductors with tunable electrical and optical properties yet their full potential remains largely unexplored. Organic bioelectronics is envisioned to create more opportunities for innovative biomedical applications. Herein, we report a poly(1,4-diethynylbenzene) (pDEB)/NiO gated enhancement-mode poly(ethylene dioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) and its structural evolution toward bioelectronic detection.

Silicon solar cell-enabled organic photoelectrochemical transistor optoelectronics.

Unlabelled: Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have been increasingly explored for innovative electronic devices. However, they inherently demand two power suppliers, which is unfavorable for the utilization of portable and wearable systems with strict energy requirements. Herein, by assembling a monocrystalline silicon solar cell into the OECT circuit with light as fuel, we demonstrated the possibility of a self-powered and light-modulated operation of organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) optoelectronics.

Alkaline Phosphatase-Mediated Bioetching of CoOOH/BiVO for Signal-On Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor Bioanalysis.

Organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) bioanalytics has recently appeared as a promising route for biological measurements, which has major implications in both next-generation photoelectrochemical (PEC) bioanalysis and futuristic biorelated implementations. Via biological dissociation of materials, bioetching is a useful technique for bio-manufacturing and bioanalysis. The intersection of these two domains is expected to be a possible way to achieve innovative OPECT bioanalytics.