The Role of Neuro-Immune Interactions in the Pathology and Pathogenesis of Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a non-infectious inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa mediated by IgE and involving a variety of immune cells such as mast cells. In previous studies, AR was considered as an isolated disease of the immune system. However, recent studies have found that the nervous system is closely related to the development of AR.

Aberration of social behavior and gut microbiota induced by cross-fostering implicating the gut-brain axis.

The gut microbiota and neurological development of neonatal mice are susceptible to environmental factors that may lead to altered behavior into adulthood. However, the role that changed gut microbiota and neurodevelopment early in life play in this needs to be clarified. In this study, by modeling early-life environmental changes by cross-fostering BALB/c mice, we revealed the effects of the environment during the critical period of postnatal development on adult social behavior and their relationship with the gut microbiota and the nervous system.

Oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular nucleus and fear empathy among male mice.

Background: Recent studies have identified empathy deficit as a core impairment and diagnostic criterion for people with autism spectrum disorders; however, the improvement of empathy focuses primarily on behavioural interventions without the target regulation. We sought to compare brain regions associated with empathy-like behaviours of fear and pain, and to explore the role of the oxytocin-oxytocin receptor system in fear empathy.

Methods: We used C57BL mice to establish 2 models of fear empathy and pain empathy.

Population-Based Prognostic Models for Head and Neck Cancers Using National Cancer Registry Data from Taiwan.

Purpose: This study aims to raise awareness of the disparities in survival predictions among races in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients by developing and validating population-based prognostic models specifically tailored for Taiwanese and Asian populations.

Methods: A total of 49,137 patients diagnosed with HNCs were included from the Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR). Six prognostic models, divided into three categories based on surgical status, were developed to predict both overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival using the registered demographic and clinicopathological characteristics in the Cox proportional hazards model.

[Effects of weight-bearing ladder and aerobic treadmill exercise on learning and memory ability of diabetic rats and its mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the effects of climb ladder and aerobic treadmill exercise on learning memory ability in diabetic rats and explore its possible mechanisms.

Methods: Forty male rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC), diabetic control group (DC), diabetic loading ladder group (DL) and diabetic aerobic treadmill group (DA), diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. In the evening, the DL group were trained three cycle (10 times/cycle) with weight-bearing climbing ladder, 2 min intervals, 6 days/week, lasted for six weeks.