Deep eutectic solvent-based ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction for the rapid determination of benzotriazole and benzothiazole derivatives in surface water samples.

This work describes a simple and environmental-friendly method for the simultaneous determination of five benzotriazole derivatives (BTRs) and four benzothiazole derivatives (BTs) that are frequently found in surface water. The target analytes were efficiently extracted from water samples using a "green" deep eutectic solvent (DES) as the extraction solvent based- ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (DES-USAEME), and their determination were performed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization (+)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI(+)-QToF-MS). The DES was composed of a mixture of choline chloride and phenol (molar ratio 1:2).

Determination of microcystins in water samples by deep eutectic solvent-based vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.

Rapid screening of two microcystins (, microcystin-YR (MC-YR) and microcystin-LR (MC-LR)) in surface water samples was performed by a simple and eco-friendly procedure using deep eutectic solvent-based vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (DES-based VALLME) combined with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization (+)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI(+)-qTOF-MS) detection. To obtain an efficient water-miscible DES, choline chloride and phenol at a molar ratio of 1 : 2 were used as an extractant for VALLME. To optimize factors of DES-based VALLME, response surface design alongside Box-Behnken design was used.

Development and evaluation of near-isogenic lines for brown planthopper resistance in rice cv. 9311.

Brown planthopper (BPH) is the most destructive pest of rice in Asia. To date 29 BPH resistance genes have been identified, but only a few genes are being used in breeding due to inefficient markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and little knowledge of the real effects of the genes. In this study we individually transferred 13 genes or QTLs (Bph14, QBph3, QBph4, Bph17, Bph15, Bph20, Bph24, Bph6, Bph3, Bph9, Bph10, Bph18 and Bph21) into cultivar 9311 by marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB).