Characteristics and therapeutic profile of TBI patients who underwent bilateral decompressive craniectomy: experience with 151 cases.

Background: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring are common approaches to reduce the death rate of Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, but the outcomes of these patients are unfavorable, particularly those who receive bilateral DC. The authors discuss their experience using ICP and other potential methods to improve the outcomes of TBI patients who receive bilateral DC.

Methods: Data from TBI patients receiving bilateral DC from Jan.

Hypoxia-Induced Glioma-Derived Exosomal miRNA-199a-3p Promotes Ischemic Injury of Peritumoral Neurons by Inhibiting the mTOR Pathway.

The underlying molecular mechanisms that the hypoxic microenvironment could aggravate neuronal injury are still not clear. In this study, we hypothesized that the exosomes, exosomal miRNAs, and the mTOR signaling pathway might be involved in hypoxic peritumoral neuronal injury in glioma. Multimodal radiological images, HE, and HIF-1 staining of high-grade glioma (HGG) samples revealed that the peritumoral hypoxic area overlapped with the cytotoxic edema region and directly contacted with normal neurons.

Expression of TNF‑α and IL‑β can be suppressed via the PPAR‑γ/mTOR signaling pathway in BV‑2 microglia: A potential anti‑inflammation mechanism.

Currently, microglia are considered as crucial factors in suppressing inflammatory reactions, but the specific molecular mechanism remains unknown. To elucidate whether peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor‑γ (PPAR‑γ) can inhibit neuroinflammatory cytokine expression via the mTOR signal pathway, the BV‑2 cell line was incubated with lipopolysaccharide (10 mM/ml) to induce an inflammatory injury. PPAR‑γ was activated by rosiglitazone, and was inhibited by GW9662.

Circulating neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio at admission predicts the long-term outcome in acute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury patients.

Background: The prognostic value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) for the outcome of acute cervical traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) patients has rarely been studied by now throughout the world.

Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study to evaluate the prognostic value of NLR from peripheral whole blood count in patients with acute cervical tSCI. Patients within 6 h of acute cervical tSCI treated between Dec 2008 and May 2018 in Huashan Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled.

ISO-alpha-acids improve the hematoma resolution and prevent peri-hematoma inflammations by transforming microglia via PPARgamma-CD36 axis in ICH rats.

Objective: To elucidate the effects of ISO-α-acids (IAAs), a PPAR-γ agonist, on ICH rats and its potential mechanism.

Material And Methods: The Sprague Dawley rats ICH model was induced by stereotactic injecting of 100 μl autologous artery blood. Ninety male rats were randomly allocated to five groups: autologous blood and IAAs (IAA); received autologous blood, IAAs and PPAR-γ inhibitor (IAA + GW9662); autologous blood and normal Saline (Saline); only autologous blood (Mock); and only needle injection (Sham).

Intensive blood pressure control reduces the risk of progressive hemorrhage in patients with acute hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage: A retrospective observational study.

Objective: To investigate the impact of intensive blood pressure control on progressive intracerebral hemorrhage and outcome in patients with high blood pressure and intracerebral hemorrhage.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted recruiting 659 patients with acute hemorrhagic stroke between Jan. 2012 and May 2018.

Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting the 6-Month Outcome of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Peripheral white blood cells are regularly analyzed on admission for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting the 6-month outcome of patients with TBI is unclear.

Methods: We designed a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Selection of Patients' Recumbent Position Laterality According to Physician Handedness Bias Increases the Success Rate of Lumbar Puncture: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Lumbar puncture (LP) is a medical procedure required during spinal anesthesia and for obtaining cerebrospinal fluid samples in the diagnosis of neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of physicians' handedness bias and the laterality of patients' recumbent position on the success rate of LPs.

Methods And Patients: A prospective multicenter study including 36 physicians (18 left-handed and 18 right-handed) and 7200 patients was conducted in 6 medical centers.

Prognostic value of coagulation tests for in-hospital mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Background: Coagulopathy is commonly observed after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, it is not known whether using the standard independent predictors in conjunction with coagulation tests would improve their prognostic value. We determined the incidence of TBI-associated coagulopathy in patients with isolated TBI (iTBI), evaluated the prognostic value of coagulation tests for in-hospital mortality, and tested their predictive power for in-hospital mortality in patients with iTBI.

Effects of Deferoxamine Mesylate on Hematoma and Perihematoma Edema after Traumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Deferoxamine mesylate can cross the blood-brain barrier and reduce iron accumulation in nervous tissue; moreover, it has a variety of neuroprotective functions in addition to complexing with iron ions. Such iron chelators are expected to become a new treatment option for intracerebral hemorrhage. This study evaluated the effects of deferoxamine mesylate on hematoma and edema absorption after traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (TICH), and it provides clinical evidence for TICH treatment with deferoxamine mesylate.

Coagulopathy in Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Correlation with Progressive Hemorrhagic Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The association between coagulopathy and either isolated traumatic brain injury (TBI) or progressive hemorrhagic injury (PHI) remains controversial. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether isolated TBI induces pronounced coagulopathy, in comparison with non-TBI or TBI in conjunction with other injuries (TBI + other injuries), and to examine whether there is any evidence of a relationship between coagulopathy and PHI in patients who have experienced TBI. The MEDLINE(®) and Embase databases, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central), were trawled for relevant studies.

Tetranectin knockout mice develop features of Parkinson disease.

Background/aims: Aggregation of insoluble α-synuclein to form Lewy bodies (LBs) may contribute to the selective loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson disease (PD). Lack of robust animal models has impeded elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of LB formation and other critical aspects of PD pathogenesis.

Methods: We established a mouse model with targeted deletion of the plasminogen-binding protein tetranectin (TN) gene (TN(-/-)) and measured the behavioral and histopathological features of PD.

[Role of small-dose recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa for coagulopathy in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury].

Objective: To explore the role of small-dose recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa (rFVIIa) for coagulopathy in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury.

Methods: A total of 86 isolated traumatic brain patients with coagulopathy were treated at our neurosurgery intensive care unit (NICU) from January 2010 to December 2012. Their trauma registry data included mortality, pre-and post-rFVIIa coagulation parameters.

Proteomic analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson's disease patients pre- and post-deep brain stimulation.

Aims: To investigate alterations in protein expression associated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) in an attempt to elucidate possible mechanisms of action .

Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), obtained from six Parkinson's disease (PD) patients (pre- and post-DBS) and from six normal healthy controls, was studied for differentially expressed proteins. 2-D DIGE, in combination with MALDI-TOF and TOF-TOF Mass Spectrometry (MS) or ESI-MS, was used to identify the changed proteins (3 PD patients and 3 controls).