Homoplantaginin Antagonizes -Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling in Aβ Oligomers-Induced Neuropathology/Toxicity.

Extracts from plants/herbals are great resources of drugs and nutrients. Baicalein, a component present in , was previously found to alleviate the abnormal depolarization brought about by Aβ oligomers. We extended this promising outcome by screening baicalein derivatives, and a natural compound named homoplantaginin was pinpointed.

One-Step Synthesis of Closed-Loop Recyclable and Thermally Superinsulating Polyhexahydrotriazine Aerogels.

Organic aerogels are an advanced class of materials renowned for their ultralow thermal conductivity and highly porous architecture, making them ideal for applications in thermal insulation, catalysis, and chemical absorption. However, these polymeric networks pose environmental concerns as their permanently crosslinked scaffold makes recycling back to the original monomers virtually impossible. To tackle this issue and develop next-generation organic aerogel, a set of polyhexahydrotriazine (PHT) aerogels specifically designed for closed-loop chemical recycling are prepared.

Coumarin-chalcone derivatives as dual NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors targeting oxidative stress and inflammation in neurotoxin-induced HMC3 and BE(2)-M17 cell models of Parkinson's disease.

Background: In Parkinson's disease (PD) brains, microglia are activated to release inflammatory factors to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neuron, and vice versa. Moreover, neuroinflammation and its synergistic interaction with oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of PD.

Methods: In this study, we investigated whether in-house synthetic coumarin-chalcone derivatives protect human microglia HMC3 and neuroblastoma BE(2)-M17 cells against 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (MPP)-induced neuroinflammation and associated neuronal damage.

Small Molecules Inducing Autophagic Degradation of Expanded Polyglutamine Protein through Interaction with Both Mutant ATXN3 and LC3.

Polyglutamine (polyQ)-mediated spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), including SCA1, 2, 3, 6, 7, and 17, are caused by mutant genes with expanded CAG repeats, leading to the intracellular accumulation of aggregated proteins, the production of reactive oxygen species, and cell death. Among SCA, SCA3 is caused by a mutation in the ATXN3 (ataxin-3) gene. In a circumstance of polyQ aggregation, the autophagic pathway is induced to degrade the aggregated proteins, thereby suppressing downstream deleterious effects and promoting neuronal survival.

Screening for Helicobacter pylori to Prevent Gastric Cancer: A Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Effects of screening for Helicobacter pylori on gastric cancer incidence and mortality are unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of an invitation to screen for H pylori on gastric cancer incidence and mortality.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A pragmatic randomized clinical trial of residents aged 50 to 69 years in Changhua County, Taiwan, eligible for biennial fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) for colon cancer screening.

Diversity-oriented synthesis of chromone inden-1-one-fused cyclopentadienylides and -acylated chromone adducts allylic phosphorus ylides.

An organophosphine-controlled diversity-oriented synthesis of chromone inden-1-one-fused cyclopentadienylides and -acylated 2-((chromone-3-yl)methylene)-indandiones is reported. Key attributes of the methodology are the generation of an allylic P-ylide and subsequent regio- and chemoselective intramolecular cyclization reactions that preferentially result in the aforementioned chromone adducts.

Integrating Pre-test Probability and Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) in the Emergency Department (ED) Diagnosis of Small Bowel Obstruction (SBO).

Introduction A computed tomography (CT) scan and point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) are commonly employed for diagnosing small bowel obstructions (SBOs). Prior studies demonstrated that POCUS has 90-95% sensitivity and specificity compared with CT scanning, which is the gold standard. Unlike other imaging modalities (in which the ordering and performing clinician are not the same), POCUS-performing/interpreting sonologists must recognize the risk of confirmation bias in the POCUS application.

Untargeted urine metabolomics and machine learning provide potential metabolic signatures in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Complementary to traditional biostatistics, the integration of untargeted urine metabolomic profiling with Machine Learning (ML) has the potential to unveil metabolic profiles crucial for understanding diseases. However, the application of this approach in autism remains underexplored. Our objective was to delve into the metabolic profiles of autism utilizing a comprehensive untargeted metabolomics platform coupled with ML.

Paeonol Derivative, 6'-Methyl Paeonol, Attenuates Aβ-Induced Pathophysiology in Cortical Neurons and in an Alzheimer's Disease Mice Model.

Herbs themselves and various herbal medicines are great resources for discovering therapeutic drugs for various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the common neurodegenerative diseases. Utilizing mouse primary cortical neurons and DiBAC4(3), a voltage-sensitive indicator, we have set up a drug screening system and identified an herbal extraction compound, paeonol, obtained from ; this compound is able to ameliorate the abnormal depolarization induced by Aβ42 oligomers. Our aim was to further find effective paeonol derivatives since paeonol has been previously studied.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Remodels the Fetal Brain Fatty Acid Profile Through Placenta-Brain Lipid Axis in C57BL/6J Mice.

Background: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are critical for proper fetal brain growth and development. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) could affect maternal-fetal fatty acid metabolism.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of GDM and high-fat (HF) diet on the DHA transport signaling pathway in the placenta-brain axis and fatty acid concentrations in the fetal brain.

A 5+1 assemble-to-activate mechanism of the Lon proteolytic machine.

Many AAA+ (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) proteins function as protein or DNA remodelers by threading the substrate through the central pore of their hexameric assemblies. In this ATP-dependent translocating state, the substrate is gripped by the pore loops of the ATPase domains arranged in a universal right-handed spiral staircase organization. However, the process by which a AAA+ protein is activated to adopt this substrate-pore-loop arrangement remains unknown.

Retargeting Video With an End-to-End Framework.

Video holds significance in computer graphics applications. Because of the heterogeneous of digital devices, retargeting videos becomes an essential function to enhance user viewing experience in such applications. In the research of video retargeting, preserving the relevant visual content in videos, avoiding flicking, and processing time are the vital challenges.

Coumarin-chalcone hybrid LM-021 and indole derivative NC009-1 targeting inflammation and oxidative stress to protect BE(2)-M17 cells against α-synuclein toxicity.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is featured mainly by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of α-synuclein-containing aggregates in the substantia nigra of brain. The α-synuclein fibrils and aggregates lead to increased oxidative stress and neural toxicity in PD. Chronic inflammation mediated by microglia is one of the hallmarks of PD pathophysiology.

Development and Validation of Prognostic Nomograms Based on Lymph Node Ratio for Young Patients with Gastric Cancer: A SEER-Based Study.

Purpose: To investigate the role of lymph node ratio (LNR) in young patients with gastric cancer (GC) and develop nomograms to predict the survival of young GC patients.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled stage I-III GC patients before the age of 40 between 2010 and 2016 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the prognosticators and create the nomograms incorporating LNR to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Eradicating via C-urea breath screening to prevent gastric cancer in indigenous communities: a population-based study and development of a family index-case method.

Objective: Screening and eradication of help reduce disparities in the incidence of gastric cancer. We aimed to evaluate its acceptability and feasibility in the indigenous communities and develop a family index-case method to roll out this programme.

Design: We enrolled residents aged 20-60 years from Taiwanese indigenous communities to receive a course of test, treat, retest and re-treat initial treatment failures with the C-urea breath tests and four-drug antibiotic treatments.

Meaningless Use: Assessing Compliance With a Clinically Meaningless Emergency Department Documentation Requirement.

Introduction A New York State initiative requests that Emergency Department (ED) providers document in the electronic health record (EHR) each admitted patient's employment status and, if applicable, their mode of commute. This initiative diverts them from their primary duties and increases the likelihood they will either disregard the request or input incorrect information to complete the data fields as fast as possible. This study intends to understand how well providers adhere to this regulation, which, while important for society as a whole, has little clinical relevance, especially in the ED, where the focus is to identify and treat emergent conditions.

Phosphofructokinase Platelet Overexpression Accelerated Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth and Motility.

Glycolysis is a glucose metabolism pathway that generates the high-energy compound adenosine triphosphate, which supports cancer cell growth. Phosphofructokinase platelet (PFKP) plays a crucial role in glycolysis regulation and is involved in human cancer progression. However, the biological function of PFKP remains unclear in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Plasma Amino Acid Profile in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Southern China: Analysis of 110 Cases.

To retrospectively explore the characteristics of plasma amino acids (PAAs) in children with autism spectrum disorder and their clinical association via case-control study. A total of 110 autistic and 55 healthy children were recruited from 2014 to 2018. The clinical phenotypes included severity of autism, cognition, adaptability, and regression.

Olefin-linked cationic covalent organic frameworks for efficient extraction of ReO/TcO.

Efficient extraction of radioactive TcO from strong acid/base solutions by porous adsorbents is extremely desirable but remains a great challenge. To overcome the challenge, here we report the first example of an olefin-linked cationic covalent organic framework (COF) named BDBI-TMT with excellent acid, base and radiation stability is synthesized by integrating robust imidazolium salt-based linkers with triazine building blocks. BDBI-TMT shows an ultra-fast adsorption kinetics (equilibrium is reached within 1 min) and an excellent ReO (a non-radioactive surrogate of TcO) capture capacity of 726 mg g, which can be attributed to the abundance of precisely tailored imidazolium salt-based units on the highly accessible pore walls of the ordered pore channels.

Plant growth-promoting properties of the phosphate-solubilizing red yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum.

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements that are necessary for plant development and growth. However, the availability of soluble forms of P for plants in the soils is limited, because a large proportion of it is bound to soil constituents. Thus, the concentration of P available to plants at any time is very low and, moreover, its availability depends on the soil pH.

HKDC1 upregulation promotes glycolysis and disease progression, and confers chemoresistance onto gastric cancer.

There is increasing evidence that hexokinase is involved in cell proliferation and migration. However, the function of the hexokinase domain containing protein-1 (HKDC1) in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Immunohistochemistry analysis and big data mining were used to evaluate the correlation between HKDC1 expression and clinical features in GC.