Fibroblast growth factor 9 reduces TBHP-induced oxidative stress in chondrocytes and diminishes mouse osteoarthritis by activating ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative and progressive disease that affects joints. Pathologically, it is characterized by oxidative stress-mediated excessive chondrocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) has been shown to exert antioxidant effects and prevent degenerative diseases by activating ERK-related signaling pathways.

Proactive personality, professional self-efficacy and academic burnout in undergraduate nursing students in China.

Background: Academic burnout can affect nursing students' academic performance and psychological well-being. Little is known about the associations between proactive personality, professional self-efficacy and academic burnout.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of academic burnout in undergraduate nursing students and to explore the associations between proactive personality, professional self-efficacy and academic burnout among nursing students in China.