[Impact of unilateral acute testicular ischemia on the contralateral testis of rabbits in anesthetic and conscious states].

Objective: To compare the impact of unilateral acute testicular ischemia on the hemodynamics and histology of the contralateral testis of the rabbits under consistent anesthesia with that of the rabbits in the conscious state.

Methods: Forty-two healthy male white rabbits were randomly divided into an anesthetic group (Group A) to receive injection of sodium pentobarbital (PS) and a non-anesthetic group (Group B), each including a control group of 5 animals (A0 and B0), an incomplete testicular ischemia group of 8 (A1 and B1), and a complete testicular ischemia group of 8 (A2 and B2). Testicular ischemia models were constructed by color Doppler ultrasonography.

[Correlation between sonographic appearance of experimental testicular ischemia and histological changes of the testis after reperfusion].

Objective: To discuss the correlation between sonographic appearance of different degrees of acute unilateral testicular ischemia and histological changes of the testis after reperfusion.

Methods: Thirty-two male rabbits were equally divided into a control (sham operation) group and 3 ischemia groups. Unilateral testicular ischemia models were established under the color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) observation and allocated according to different degrees of ischemia to Group A (with homogeneous echoes and slightly decreased flow signals), B (with heterogeneous echoes and obviously decreased flow signals) and C (with radial or small-shredded low echoes and absence of flow signals).

[Relationship between ultrasonographic grading of varicocele and changes of seminal parameters after varicocelectomy].

Objective: To discuss the correlation of ultrasonographic grading of varicocele (VC) with the changes of seminal parameters after varicocelectomy.

Methods: A total of 129 cases of VC were diagnosed by scrotal color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) and graded into 3 groups: VC I, VC II and VC III, according to three different grading indexes: the regurgitant volume of pampiniform plexus veins (PPV), the maximum diameter of PPV and the combination of the regurgitant volume and the maximum diameter of PPV. All the patients underwent high ligation of the spermatic vein and semen analysis was performed before and after varicocelectomy according to the WHO guidelines.

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of hepatic fungal infection.

Background: Hepatic fungal infection is difficult to diagnose early because of the lack of related clinical knowledge. In this study, we analyzed the ultrasonic manifestations of hepatic fungal infection, in order to determine the diagnostic value of ultrasonography.

Methods: In 8 patients with hepatic fungal infection, the results of color Doppler flow images (CDFI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) were compared with those of ultrasound-guided biopsy.

Color Doppler velocity profile and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in assessment of liver cirrhosis.

Background: This study was designed to probe the clinical value in assessing the degree of liver cirrhosis by using the arrival time of contrast agent in the right portal vein in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, as well as the velocity and flow volume in the right portal vein using the color Doppler velocity profile technique.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients with HBV post-hepatic cirrhosis were grouped into compensated (13 patients) and decompensated cirrhosis (15); 30 patients without hepatic cirrhosis served as controls. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.

Effect of fatty liver background on contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic appearance of focal nodular hyperplasia.

Background: Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is increasingly diagnosed as a result of the advances in imaging studies such as contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. However, FNH with atypical features can be difficult to differentiate from other benign and malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of fatty liver background on the CEUS characteristics of FNH.

Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in differential diagnosis of portal vein tumor thrombosis.

Background: Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is a serious complication and a major metastatic way of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). But portal vein benign thrombosis(PVBT) always appears in patients with hepatocirrhosis, and PVTT should be differentiated from PVBT. The aim of this study was to probe the value of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in differential diagnosis of PVTT.

Ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy of intrahepatic nodules and low elevation of AFP in early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: With the progress in early clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), early detection and diagnosis of HCC have been increasingly pressing. Combined alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) determination and ultrasonography has become the main method for the detection of small HCC; but the relationship between low elevation of AFP and pathologic findings of small HCC has not been well defined. The aim of this study was to assess the value of ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy of intrahepatic nodules and low elevation of serum AFP in the early diagnosis of HCC.

Experimental and clinical assessment of percutaneous hepatic quantified ethanol injection in treatment of hepatic carcinoma.

Aim: To detect the relationship between absolute ethanol injection quantity, the interval and formation of fibreboard, the curative effect in treatment of hepatocarcinoma and to evaluate the clinical application of percutaneous hepatic quantified ethanol injection (PHQEI) in treatment of hepatic carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: (1) Experimental study: Twenty-four human hepatic carcinoma SMMC-7721 xenografted nude mice were randomly divided into three groups: group A injected with quantified ethanol at short intervals (QESI), group B with quantified ethanol at long intervals (QELI) and group C with a small quantity of ethanol at long intervals (SQLI). The tumor tissues were sent for patho-histology and electron microscopic examinations.

Percutaneous intratumoral injection of traditional Chinese herbal compound medicine Star-99 in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma of mice.

Background: Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lacks effective therapy and entails very poor progress. In 1991, we found that Chinese herbal compound Star-99 has potentially effect on HCC. The purpose of this study was to probe the anti-cancer effect and the mechanism of focal injection of Chinese herbal compound Star-99 into HCC of mice.

Intraoperative ultrasonography in hepatobiliary surgery.

Objective: To assess the value of intraoperative ultrasonography in hepatobiliary surgery.

Methods: Aloka-650 and Aloka-500 with a 3.5 MHz probe were used in preoperative ultrasonography and those with 5 MHz or 7.

Biological characteristics of HCC by ultrasound-guided aspiration biopsy and its clinical application.

Aim: To probe the pathological biological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by the ultrasound-guided aspiration biopsy and assess the clinical application value of this method.

Methods: The biopsy and DNA analysis by flow cytometry (FCM) were taken in 46 cases with HCC nodules, including 26 cases and 20 cases with nodules < or =3 cm and >3 cm in diameters respectively, and 12 cases with intrahepatic benign hyperplastic nodules. They were taken in 22 cases of 46 cases with HCC before and after the therapy.

Experimental study on ultrasound-guided intratumoral injection of "Star-99" in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma of nude mice.

Aim: To investigate the anti-cancer effect and the immunological mechanism of ultrasound-guided intratumoral injection of Chinese medicine "Star-99" in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of nude mice.

Methods: Twenty-eight human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 transplanted nude mice, 14 of hypodermically implanted and 14 of orthotopic liver transplanted, were randomly divided into three groups of which 14 mice with Star-99, and 7 with ethanol and saline respectively. Ten days after the transplantation the medicines were injected into the tumors of all the nude mice once every 5 days.