Huashi baidu granule alleviates inflammation and lung edema by suppressing the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-N pathway and promoting fluid clearance in a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) model.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Huashi Baidu Granule (HSBDG), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is used for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is considered the "COVID-19" for swine. According to the TCM theory, "dampness" is the main pathogenic factor in COVID-19 and PRRS, and "Huashi" means that this formula is good at removing "dampness".

Atlas of the plasma proteome in health and disease in 53,026 adults.

Large-scale proteomics studies can refine our understanding of health and disease and enable precision medicine. Here, we provide a detailed atlas of 2,920 plasma proteins linking to diseases (406 prevalent and 660 incident) and 986 health-related traits in 53,026 individuals (median follow-up: 14.8 years) from the UK Biobank, representing the most comprehensive proteome profiles to date.

Mechanistic insights into structure-based design of a Lyme disease subunit vaccine.

The quality of protective immunity plays a critical role in modulating vaccine efficacy, with native antigens often not able to trigger sufficiently strong immune responses for pathogen killing. This warrants creation of structure-based vaccine design, leveraging high-resolution antigen structures for mutagenesis to improve protein stability and efficient immunization strategies. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying structure-based vaccine design using CspZ-YA, a vaccine antigen from , the bacteria causing Lyme disease (LD), the most common vector-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere.

Plasma proteomics identifies proteins and pathways associated with incident depression in 46,165 adults.

Proteomic alterations preceding the onset of depression offer valuable insights into its development and potential interventions. Leveraging data from 46,165 UK Biobank participants and 2920 plasma proteins profiled at baseline, we conducted a longitudinal analysis with a median follow-up of 14.5 years to explore the relationship between plasma proteins and incident depression.

Left ventricular structure and function in relation to sodium dietary intake and renal handling in untreated Chinese patients.

Whether left ventricular structure and function is associated with sodium dietary intake and renal handling while considering blood pressure (BP) remains unclear. Consecutive untreated patients referred for ambulatory BP monitoring were recruited. Standard echocardiography was performed to measure left ventricular structure and function.

A pilot study on the detection of microsatellite instability using long mononucleotide repeats in solid tumors.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) status is a prognostic biomarker for immunotherapy in certain types of cancers, such as colorectal cancers (CRCs) and endometrial cancers (ECs). Tumors that are categorized as having high MSI (MSI-H) express high levels of neoantigens for immune recognition. The typical MSI test measures the length of short mononucleotide repeats (SMR) poly(A) 21-27; however, a limitation of this test is the difficulty in determining the shift size, particularly in endometrial cancer.

Cellular mechanism underlying leptin-induced anion secretion of rat epididymal epithelial cells.

Background: A large number of studies have shown that leptin plays an important role in the regulation of fertility via the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis. However, its peripheral function in epididymis was still elusive.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the pro-secretion effect of leptin on the rat epididymal epithelium.

Single Extracellular Vesicle Imaging and Computational Analysis Identifies Inherent Architectural Heterogeneity.

Evaluating the heterogeneity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is crucial for unraveling their complex actions and biodistribution. Here, we identify consistent architectural heterogeneity of EVs using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), which has an inherent ability to image biological samples without harsh labeling methods while preserving their native conformation. Imaging EVs isolated using different methodologies from distinct sources, such as cancer cells, normal cells, immortalized cells, and body fluids, we identify a structural atlas of their dominantly consistent shapes.

High Prevalence of Cardiometabolic Risks and Health Needs Among Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Treatment: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Many studies have indicated that inadequate health-related behavior is associated with the progression of cancer and cardiometabolic disorders. Because patients with hepatocellular carcinoma may adopt inadequate health behaviors, they are at risk for cancer recurrence, mortality, cardiometabolic disease progression, and worse quality of life.

Objective: To explore the prevalence of cardiometabolic risks and health-promoting behaviors associated with quality of life among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after treatment.

Single extracellular vesicle imaging and computational analysis identifies inherent architectural heterogeneity.

Evaluating the heterogeneity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is crucial for unraveling their complex actions and biodistribution. Here, we identify consistent architectural heterogeneity of EVs using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) which has an inherent ability to image biological samples without harsh labeling methods and while preserving their native conformation. Imaging EVs isolated using different methodologies from distinct sources such as cancer cells, normal cells, and body fluids, we identify a structural atlas of their dominantly consistent shapes.

Loss of fragile WWOX gene leads to senescence escape and genome instability.

Induction of DNA damage response (DDR) to ensure accurate duplication of genetic information is crucial for maintaining genome integrity during DNA replication. Cellular senescence is a DDR mechanism that prevents the proliferation of cells with damaged DNA to avoid mitotic anomalies and inheritance of the damage over cell generations. Human WWOX gene resides within a common fragile site FRA16D that is preferentially prone to form breaks on metaphase chromosome upon replication stress.