Primary Epstein-Barr virus infection in 2-year-old children: report of 3 cases.

Some children less than four years old have Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced infectious mononucleosis (IM). Because primary EBV infection in infants and young children is usually asymptomatic or subclinical, EBV infection diagnosis may not be easy among young children. To illustrate the clinical characteristics and diagnostic procedures for EBV infection in young children, the authors report herein three cases of primary EBV infection in two-year-old children with an evaluation of their initial clinical symptoms.

Antivenom treatment and renal dysfunction in Russell's viper snakebite in Taiwan: a case series.

Formosan Russell's viper (Daboia russelli siamensis) is the sixth most frequent cause of snakebites in Taiwan. Its bite induces greater kidney injury than other Russell's vipers in Southeast Asia. Poor availability of antivenom might be the major reason.

Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Taiwan cobra venom.

Poisonous snake bite victims usually have difficulty identifying the species, and clinical manifestations alone are not reliable because of overlapping symptoms. Thus, it is important to develop a quick and reliable mean of identifying the snake responsible. We describe the development of a sandwich-ELISA method for detection of venom in biological samples and apply it to a case of snakebite to confirm the clinical diagnosis.