Distinct septo-hippocampal cholinergic projections separately mediate stress-induced emotional and cognitive deficits.

Patients suffering from chronic stress develop numerous symptoms, including emotional and cognitive deficits. The precise circuit mechanisms underlying different symptoms remain poorly understood. We identified two distinct basal forebrain cholinergic subpopulations in mice projecting to the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) or ventral hippocampus (vHPC), which exhibited distinct input organizations, electrophysiological characteristics, transcriptomics, and responses to positive and negative valences of stimuli and were critical for cognitive and emotional modulation, respectively.

LN-439A, a novel BAP1 inhibitor, suppresses the growth of basal-like breast cancer by degrading KLF5.

Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer because of its aggressive clinical behaviour and lack of effective targeted agents. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is an oncogenic transcription factor that is highly expressed in BLBC. The deubiquitinase (DUB) BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) stabilizes KLF5 and promotes BLBC growth and metastasis.

Efficacy of antimicrobial peptide P113 oral health care products on the reduction of oral bacteria number and dental plaque formation in a randomized clinical assessment.

Background/purpose: Dental plaque is the main cause leading to the dental caries and periodontal diseases. The main purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of oral spray containing the antimicrobial peptide P-113 on the reduction of oral bacteria number and dental plaque formation in a randomized clinical assessment.

Materials And Methods: This study was divided into two parts.

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms following curative treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia: incidence, correlation with therapeutic regimen, and future directions.

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) have revolutionized the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), offering a cure rate of > 80%. Along with improved survival, the long-term consequences of anti-APL therapy are becoming increasingly apparent, including potential therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs). T-MNs are well known to arise after cytotoxic chemotherapy, but the leukemogenic potential of regimens utilizing only ATRA/ATO is not well established.

"Accelerated" chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL): unraveling the biological gray zone of CLL/SLL in the era of novel therapies.

Accelerated chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (A-CLL/SLL) is a histologically aggressive subtype of CLL/SLL that lies in between conventional CLL/SLL (C-CLL/SLL) and Richter transformation (RT) on the biological spectrum. Although the histologic criteria for A-CLL/SLL were defined 14 years ago, the clinical and genetic characteristics and survival outcomes of these patients have yet to be studied in the era of novel therapies. We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic, genetic, and survival characteristics of 34 patients with confirmed tissue diagnosis of A-CLL/SLL and compared them with 120 patients with C-CLL/SLL.

Renal Neoplasms with Concurrent Castleman-Like Regional Lymphadenopathy.

Introduction: Renal cell neoplasms are known to be associated with paraneoplastic syndromes, and the association with Castleman-like regional lymphadenopathy has been rarely reported. We aim to characterize the association between renal neoplasms and Castleman-like lymphadenopathy.

Methods: A search for renal neoplasms with concurrent Castleman-like lymphadenopathy in one single medical institution from 2000 to 2023 resulted in 4 specimens.

Latent profiles of narrative competence and professional identity among nursing students: A cross-sectional analytic study based on the Ring theory of personhood.

Aim: To identify latent profiles of narrative competence in nursing students and examine the association between the potential competence profiles and professional identity from a person-centred perspective.

Background: According to the Ring theory of personhood, nursing students can develop their professional identities from individual, relational and social aspects through interaction with patients, as well as listening to, understanding and responding to patients' disease narratives. However, few studies have examined the relationship between narrative competence and professional identity through the quantitative method.

A cross-sectional analysis of gender and psychological well-being among older Taiwanese adults.

Background: Psychological well-being (PWB) facilitates good health. Few studies have taken into consideration gender and how it can affect PWB within a sociocultural context. This study aims to determine if relationships between social, health, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors on PWB among older Taiwanese adults are affected by gender.

The importance of mother-child interaction on smart device usage and behavior outcomes among toddlers: a longitudinal study.

Background: In recent years, smart devices have become an integral part of daily life. However, longitudinal studies, particularly those regarding the relationship between toddlers' smart device usage and behavioral outcomes, are limited. Understanding the impact of parent-child interactions on this relationship is crucial for enhancing toddlers' developmental outcomes.

A Prelimbic Cortex-Thalamus Circuit Bidirectionally Regulates Innate and Stress-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior.

Anxiety-related disorders respond to cognitive behavioral therapies, which involved the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Previous studies have suggested that subregions of the mPFC have different and even opposite roles in regulating innate anxiety. However, the specific causal targets of their descending projections in modulating innate anxiety and stress-induced anxiety have yet to be fully elucidated.

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms with single-hit mutations share the clinical, molecular, and survival characteristics of their multi-hit counterparts.

Recent updates in the classification of myeloid neoplasms (MNs) recognize the poor prognostic impact of mutations, with particular emphasis on the allele status. Studies on the effect of allele status exclusively in therapy-related MNs (t-MNs) are lacking. We compared the clinicopathologic and survival characteristics of t-MNs with single-hit (SH) and multi-hit (MH) mutations.

CSF3R mutated myeloid neoplasms: Beyond chronic neutrophilic leukemia.

CSF3R activating mutation is a genetic hallmark of chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL), and is also present in a subset of atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML), but infrequent in other myeloid neoplasms. However, the occurrence of CSF3R mutations in various myeloid neoplasms is not well studied. Here we evaluate the spectrum of CSF3R mutations and the clinicopathologic features of CSF3R mutated myeloid neoplasms.

Extracellular ATP Is a Homeostatic Messenger That Mediates Cell-Cell Communication in Physiological Processes and Psychiatric Diseases.

Neuronal activity is the basis of information encoding and processing in the brain. During neuronal activation, intracellular ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is generated to meet the high-energy demands. Simultaneously, ATP is secreted, increasing the extracellular ATP concentration and acting as a homeostatic messenger that mediates cell-cell communication to prevent aberrant hyperexcitability of the nervous system.

Preparation of Healthy Single Neuron or Astrocyte Suspension from Adult Mouse Brain for RNA-seq.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been widely applied in neuroscience research, enabling the investigation of cellular heterogeneity at the transcriptional level, the characterization of rare cell types, and the detailed analysis of the stochastic nature of gene expression. Isolation of single nerve cells in good health, especially from the adult rodent brain, is the most difficult and critical process for scRNA-seq. Here, we describe methods to optimize protease digestion of brain slices, which enable yield of millions of cells in good health from the adult brain.

Impact of miscarriage and termination of pregnancy on subsequent pregnancies: A longitudinal study of maternal and paternal depression, anxiety and eudaimonia.

Background: Although miscarriage and termination of pregnancy affect maternal mental illnesses on subsequent pregnancies, their effects on the positive mental health (e.g., eudaimonia) of both first-time and multi-time parents have received minimal attention, especially for fathers.

Clinical implications of additional chromosomal abnormalities in adult acute myeloid leukemia with inv (16)/t(16;16)/CBFB::MYH11.

Objectives: This study assesses the clinical significance of additional cytogenetic abnormalities (ACAs) and/or the deletion of 3'CBFB (3'CBFB) resulting in unbalanced CBFB::MYH11 fusion in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv (16)/t(16;16)/CBFB::MYH11.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathologic features of 47 adult de novo AML with inv (16)/t(16;16)/CBFB::MYH11 fusion. There were 44 balanced and 3 unbalanced CBFB::MYH11 fusions.

The impact of body mass index on survival endpoints among patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A real-world multicenter analysis.

Background: Studies on the correlation between high body mass index (BMI) and extended survival among patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been made, although findings have shown variability. Our research explored the phenomenon of the "obesity paradox" in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) undergoing treatment with ICIs.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with mUC who received a minimum of one cycle of ICI treatment at two medical centers in Taiwan from September 2015 to January 2023.

Assessment of sources and health risks of heavy metals in metropolitan household dust among preschool children: The LEAPP-HIT study.

The most common construction material used in Taiwan is concrete, potentially contaminated by geologic heavy metals (HMs). Younger children spend much time indoors, increasing HM exposure risks from household dust owing to their behaviors. We evaluated arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) concentrations in fingernails among 280 preschoolers between 2017 and 2023.