Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces Predicts Survival in Resected Pulmonary Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma.

Background: Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) has been recognized as a prognostic factor for several types of lung cancers. However, information regarding its clinical significance in pulmonary lymphoepithelial carcinoma is limited. Therefore, this study investigated effects of STAS on the clinical outcomes for patients with pulmonary lymphoepithelial carcinoma.

Establishing a Novel Pyroptosis-Related Gene Signature and Predicting Chemical Drugs for Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Background: The present study aimed to construct a novel pyroptosis-related gene signature to predict the prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Methods: The gene expression level and survival and prognosis information of PTC were obtained from TCGA. The differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes (DEPs) between cancer and control groups were selected, followed by subtype analysis.

Laparoscopic hepatectomy is a feasible and safe choice for primary hepatocellular carcinoma located at favorable location during the development period of a tertiary hospital: A case-control study.

Objectives: Laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been well known for its advantages in the past 10 years, but little is known regarding its oncologic outcomes while the technique is being developed at an institution. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of LH for patients with primary HCC at favorable locations, focusing on postoperative short- and long-term outcomes during the development period.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with primary HCC who underwent hepatectomy between January 2013 and December 2019 at Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital.

The Rate of Postoperative Decline in Parathyroid Hormone Levels Can Predict Symptomatic Hypocalcemia Following Thyroid Cancer Surgery with Neck Lymph Node Dissection.

Objective: Identifying early predictive indicators of symptomatic hypocalcemia in patients after thyroidectomy with neck lymph node dissection can help to identify high-risk patients, provide timely intervention, and improve prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all relevant information was conducted for patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with neck lymph node dissection at our hospital between April 2021 and September 2022. The primary outcome measure was symptomatic hypocalcemia.

Radiosensitizing effects of CDK4/6 inhibitors in hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer mediated downregulation of DNA repair mechanism and NF-κB-signaling pathway.

CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy prolonged survival in hormone receptor (HR)-positive and HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. We investigated whether CDK4/6 inhibitors enhance radiosensitivity and their underlying mechanisms of this subtype of breast cancer. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted using two HR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and T-47D), CDK4/6 inhibitors (ribociclib and palbociclib) and radiotherapy (RT) to assess the biological functions and mechanisms.

Cyclin dependent kinase 9 inhibition reduced programmed death-ligand 1 expression and improved treatment efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody is a standard therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tumor expression of PD-L1 can be induced upon stimulus. Because cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibition reduces the expression of inducible proteins, we explored the influence of CDK9 inhibition on PD-L1 expression in HCC cells.

Knowledge gap of human monkeypox among high-risk individuals receiving preexposure vaccination in Taiwan.

Background: With the widespread outbreak of monkeypox, it is crucial to enhance awareness and understanding of the disease, especially among high-risk individuals. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge levels of individuals seeking preexposure vaccination in Taiwan.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted online, and included a nationwide sample of high-risk adults receiving preexposure vaccination.

COVID-19 vaccination: 2023 Taiwan Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (TAGG) consensus statements.

The COVID-19 pandemic remains challenging due to the rapid evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. This article discusses recent findings on high-risk groups for COVID-19 mortality and morbidity, along with consensus statements from the 2023 Taiwan Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (TAGG) meeting. It examines evidence on viral mutation mechanisms, emerging variants, and their implications for vaccination strategies.

FKBP51 is involved in LPS-induced microglial activation via NF-κB signaling to mediate neuroinflammation.

Aims: FKBP5 encodes FKBP51, which has been implicated in stress-related psychiatric disorders, and its expression is often increased under chronic stress, contributing to mental dysfunctions. However, the precise role of FKBP51 in brain inflammation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of FKBP51 in microglia-mediated inflammatory responses in the central nervous system.

Synergistic activation of lamellar bismuth selenide anchored functionalized carbon nanofiber for detecting hazardous carbendazim in environmental water samples.

Pesticides pollute natural water reservoirs through persistent accumulation. Therefore, their toxicity and degradability are serious issues. Carbendazim (CBZ) is a pesticide used against fungal infections in agricultural crops, and its overexploitation detrimentally affects aquatic ecosystems and organisms.

Deep-learning model to improve histological grading and predict upstaging of atypical ductal hyperplasia / ductal carcinoma in situ on breast biopsy.

Aims: Risk stratification of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), diagnosed using breast biopsy, has great clinical significance. Clinical trials are currently exploring the possibility of active surveillance for low-risk lesions, whereas axillary lymph node staging may be considered during surgical planning for high-risk lesions. We aimed to develop a machine-learning algorithm based on whole-slide images of breast biopsy specimens and clinical information to predict the risk of upstaging to invasive breast cancer after wide excision.

A novel computer-assisted tool for 3D imaging of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in immunofluorescence-stained and optically cleared breast cancer specimens.

Background: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are the two most common immune checkpoints targeted in triple-negative breast cancer (BC). Refining patient selection for immunotherapy is non-trivial and finding an appropriate digital pathology framework for spatial analysis of theranostic biomarkers for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors remains an unmet clinical need.

Methods: We describe a novel computer-assisted tool for three-dimensional (3D) imaging of PD-L1 expression in immunofluorescence-stained and optically cleared BC specimens (n = 20).

Preclinical trial of targeting the Hic-5-mediated pathway to prevent the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was ascribed to metastasis. Targeted therapy aiming at the molecules along the metastatic pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy. Among them, hydrogen peroxide inducible clone-5 (Hic-5) is highlighted.

CT-Based Deep-Learning Model for Spread-Through-Air-Spaces Prediction in Ground Glass-Predominant Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Sublobar resection is strongly associated with poor prognosis in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma, with the presence of tumor spread through air spaces (STAS). Thus, preoperative prediction of STAS is important for surgical planning. This study aimed to develop a STAS deep-learning (STAS-DL) prediction model in lung adenocarcinoma with tumor smaller than 3 cm and a consolidation-to-tumor (C/T) ratio less than 0.

Sublabial excision versus transnasal endoscopic marsupialization for nasolabial cysts: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To compare the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of sublabial excision and transnasal endoscopic marsupialization, the two primary surgical approaches for nasolabial cysts.

Design And Setting: A comprehensive meta-analysis of studies identified from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library.

Participants: Patients diagnosed with nasolabial cysts who underwent surgical treatment.